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| '''Psychiatric'''
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Anxiety]], [[brain fag syndrome]], [[Da Costa's syndrome]], [[Dementia with Lewy bodies]], [[excitement]], [[fatal familial insomnia]], [[fatigue ]], [[fright]][[frontotemporal dementia]], [[hysteria ]], Lindsay-burn syndrome, [[stress]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hysteria]], [[Anxiety]], Psychogenic movement disorders
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| '''Pulmonary'''
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Respiratory failure]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Respiratory failure]]
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Hypomagnesemia]], Normokalemic [[periodic paralysis]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hypoglycemia]], [[Hypomagnesemia]], Normokalemic [[periodic paralysis]]
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| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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| '''Sexual'''
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Senile]], Salvioli syndrome, Combarros Calleja Leno syndrome
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Shy-Drager syndrome]], [[Senile]], Roussy-Levy syndrome, Salvioli syndrome, [[Wolfram syndrome]], Primary orthostatic tremor<ref name="pmid22764256">{{cite journal |author=Virmani T, Louis ED, Waters C, Pullman SL |title=Familial orthostatic tremor: an additional report in siblings |journal=Neurology |volume=79 |issue=3 |pages=288–9 |year=2012 |month=July |pmid=22764256 |doi=10.1212/WNL.0b013e31825fdfb3 |url=}}</ref>, Physiologic tremor, Lindsay-Burn syndrome, Lhermitte-McAlpine syndrome, [[Kennedy's disease]], [[Hypothermia]], [[Da Costa's syndrome]], Combarros Calleja Leno syndrome, [[Cockayne syndrome]]
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ;Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Naresh Mullaguri, M.B.B.S. [2] Kiran Singh, M.D. [3]
Overview
Tremor[ 1] is generally caused by problems in parts of the brain or spinal cord that control muscles throughout the body or in particular areas, such as the hands. Neurological disorders or conditions that can produce tremor include multiple sclerosis , stroke , traumatic brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases that damage or destroy parts of the brainstem or the cerebellum . Other causes include the use of some drugs (such as amphetamines , caffeine , corticosteroids , and drugs used for certain psychiatric disorders), alcohol abuse or withdrawal, mercury poisoning , overactive thyroid or liver failure . Tremors can be an indication of hypoglycemia , along with palpitations, sweating and anxiety.
Tremor can also be caused from lack of sleep , vitamins , or having too much stress .
Deficiencies of magnesium and vitamin B1 have also been known to cause tremor or shaking which resolves when the deficiency is corrected. See magnesium in biology .
Some forms of tremor are inherited and run in families, while others have no known cause. Tremors can also be caused by some spider bites i.e. the redback spider of Australia.
Tremor can result from other conditions as well. Alcoholism , excessive alcohol consumption, or alcohol withdrawal can kill certain nerve cells, resulting a tremor known as asterixis . Conversely, small amounts of alcohol may help to decrease familial and essential tremor, but the mechanism behind this is unknown. Tremor in peripheral neuropathy may occur when the nerves that supply the body’s muscles are traumatized by injury, disease, abnormality in the central nervous system, or as the result of systemic illnesses. Peripheral neuropathy can affect the whole body or certain areas, such as the hands, and may be progressive. Resulting sensory loss may be seen as a tremor or ataxia (inability to coordinate voluntary muscle movement) of the affected limbs and problems with gait and balance. Clinical characteristics may be similar to those seen in patients with essential tremor.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Common Causes
Causes by Organ System
Cardiovascular
Cerebrovascular accident ,hypothermia ,vitamin b1 deficiency
Chemical / poisoning
3-Aminopyridine , 4-aminopyridine , acetylene dichloride , acidic dry cell batteries , acrylamide , agrocide, agronexit, amidithion , amiton , aparasin , aphtiria , arsenic poisoning , athyl-gusathion , azinfos-methyl , azinfosethyl , azinphos , azinphosmetile , azothoate , ben-hex , benoxafos , benzene hexachloride , bexol , biphenyl , bromide , bromoform , bromophos , bromophos-ethyl , bromophos-ethyl , cadusafos , carbamate insecticide poisoning , carbinoxamine , carbon disulfide , carbon disulfide , carbon tetrachloride , carbophenothion , chlordane , chlordane , chlordecone , chloresene , chlorfenvinphos , chlorfenvinphos , chloromethane , chloropyrifos , chlorpyrifos methyl , cresols , cresols , cresylic acid , cyanthoate , D-phenothrin , DDD , DDT , demeton , demeton-methyl , demeton-o , demeton-S-methylsulphon , dialifos , diazinon , diborane , dichlorvos , dichlorvos , dimethoate , dimethoate , dioxathion , diquat dibromide , disulfiram , disulfiram , disulfoton , endosulfan , endothion , epichlorohydrin , ethion , ethoate-methyl , ethoprophos , ethyl mercaptan , ethyl-guthion , ethyl-guthion , ethylbenzene , ethylene dichloride , etrimfos , etrimfos , fenchlorphos , fenitrothion , fensulfothion , fenthion , fipronil , fluoridated toothpaste , fonophos , formothion , gamma-hcch , gasoline , glaze , glufosinate , glycol ether , glycol ether , heptachlor ,heptenophos , hexachlorocyclohexane(gamma) , Iodofenphos , lead , lindane , lithium , lithium toxicity , lobelia poisoning , malathion , manganese , mecarbam , mercury poisoning , mescal poisoning , metaldehyde , methacrifos , methamidophos , methidathion , methylene chloride , metiltriazotion mevinphos , monocrotophos , monosodium methyl arsenate , nicotine poisoning , omethoate , organophosphate insecticide poisoning , oxydeprofos , oxydisulfoton ,parathion methyl , parathion , parathion , phenkapton , phenol , phorate , phosalone , phosalone , phosmet , phosphamidon , phosphamidon , phosphine , phoxim , phoxim , pirimiphos-methyl , primiphos methyl , prothidathion , prothoate , pyrethrin , pyrimitate , quinalphos , quintiofos , RDX , rotenone , sea hare poisoning , selenium poisoning , sophamide , sulfite , sulfotep , sulfuryl fluoride , terbufos , tetrachloroethane , thallium , thallium sulfate , thiometon , tolclofos methyl , toxaphene , triazophos , triazotion , trichloroethylene , trifenfos , tubatoxin poisoning , vamidothion , Xylene
Dermatologic
Chediak-Higashi disease
Drug Side Effect
Amiodarone , amphetamine , artemether and lumefantrin , black cohosh , butorphanol , cidofovir , clozapine , corticosteroids ,caspofungin acetate , cyclosporin , cytomegalovirus immune globulin , dexedrine overdose , dimercaprol , disulfiram , dobutamine , dopamine , dopexamine , efavirenz , ephedrine , epinephrine , eslicarbazepine acetate , febuxostat , fluvoxamine , glipizide , glycerol phenylbutyrate ,haloperidol , Isoprenaline , Isoproterenol (aerosol) , Ivermectin , lenalidomide , levalbuterol , levodopa , lidocaine , lidocaine , loxapine , margosa oil , metaraminol , methoxamine , miglustat , nabilone , nalmefene , norepinephrine , orphenadrine , oxaprozin , oxcarbazepine , paroxetine , pentamidine Isethionate , peppermint oil , phentermine , phenylephrine , pilocarpine , pirbuterol , ramucirumab , reproterol , rifaximin , rizatriptan , salbutamol , sodium oxybate , sodium valproate , tacrolimus , terbutaline , thalidomide , thallous Chloride Tl 201 , theophylline , tricyclic antidepressants , trifluperidol , valganciclovir hydrochloride , valproic acid , venlafaxine , vilazodone , xamoterol
Ear Nose Throat
Cockayne syndrome , spastic paraparesis deafness, wolfram syndrome ,
Endocrine
Adrenal adenoma , adrenal gland hyperfunction , adrenal incidentaloma , adrenal medulla neoplasm , adrenal tumor , diabetes insipidus , diabetes mellitus , fatigue , high t4 syndrome, hyperadrenalism , hyperthyroidism , hypoglycaemia , hypomagnesemia , Kennedy's disease , pheochromocytoma , pituitary tumor adult , thyrotoxicosis , toxic multinodular goiter , Wolfram syndrome
Environmental
Hypothermia , minamata disease ,
Gastroenterologic
Cirrhosis of liver , hepatic failure , hepatocerebral degeneration, liver failure , vitamin b1 deficiency , wilson's disease
Genetic
Amish nemaline myopathy , aniridia cerebellar ataxia mental deficiency , basal ganglia calcification,idiopathic , ceroid lipofuscinosis, neuronal 6, late infantile , Chediak-Higashi disease , Chromosome 20p,partial duplication, Cockayne syndrome , fatal familial insomnia , Friedreich ataxia , fucosidosis , holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency , Huntington's disease , Kennedy's disease , Krabbe leukodystrophy , mental retardation, X-linked , metachromatic leukodystrophy , methylmalonic acidemia , neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease , normokalemic periodic paralysis , Purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency , Roussy–Lévy syndrome , Wolfram syndrome
Hematologic
Chediak-Higashi syndrome
Iatrogenic
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome , Serotonin Syndrome , Ureterosigmoidostomy
Infectious Disease
Central nervous system protozoal infections , Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease , fever , meningoencephalitis , neurosyphilis , sleeping sickness (East African) , sleeping sickness (West African) , toxoplasmosis
Musculoskeletal / Ortho
Amish nemaline myopathy myopathy ,muscle fatigue
Neurologic
Alcoholic cerebellar degeneration, Alzheimer's disease , amish nemaline myopathy , Amyloidosis, oculoleptomeningeal , aniridia cerebellar ataxia mental deficiency , Basal ganglia calcification,idiopathic , Bovine spongiform encephalopathy , brain fag syndrome Central nervous system protozoal infections , Cerebellar degeneration, Cerebellar disease, Cerebrovascular accident , Ceroid lipofuscinosis, neuronal 6, late infantile , Cockayne syndrome , Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease , dementia with lewy bodies , Demyelinating disease , Diencephalic syndrome , drug-induced parkinsonism, Dystonia , fatal familial insomnia , Friedreich ataxia , frontotemporal dementia , hepatocerebral degeneration, hereditary neuropathies, heredodegenerative diseases of the cerebellum, Huntington's disease , Kennedy's disease , Krabbe leukodystrophy , Leukoencephalopathy , Lhermitte-mcalpine syndrome , Meningoencephalitis , Metabolic encephalopathy , Metachromatic leukodystrophy , midbrain stroke, midbrain trauma, Minamata disease , motor and cognitive disorder, multiple sclerosis , multiple system atrophy , Multiple system atrophy syndromes, muscle fatigue , myoclonic epilepsy benign, , neuroleptic malignant syndrome , neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease , non-wilsonian hepatocerebral degeneration, , olivopontocerebellar atrophy , olivopontocerebellar syndrome, Oppenheim's dystonia, pallidopyramidal syndrome, Parkinson disease , Parkinsonian syndromes, pelizaeus-merzbacher brain sclerosis , peripheral neuropathy , Pick's disease of the brain , Psychogenic movement disorders, Ramsay-Hunt syndrome , Roussy–Lévy syndrome , Shy-Drager Syndrome , sleeping sickness (east african) , spastic paraparesis deafness, spinocerebellar ataxia , stroke , Wilson's disease
Nutritional / Metabolic
Arginase deficiency , ceroid lipofuscinosis, neuronal 6, late infantile , food additives , fucosidosis , holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency , hypoglycaemia , hypomagnesemia , Krabbe leukodystrophy , metachromatic leukodystrophy , methylmalonic acidemia , mucolipidosis type 1 , purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency , sialidosis , vitamin b1 deficiency , Wilson's disease , xanthines
Obstetric/Gynecologic
No underlying causes
Oncologic
Adrenal adenoma , adrenal incidentaloma , adrenal medulla neoplasm , adrenal tumor , fatigue , pheochromocytoma , pituitary tumors
Opthalmologic
aniridia cerebellar ataxia mental deficiency , optic atrophy
Overdose / Toxicity
Alcohol intoxication , alcohol withdrawal syndrome , amphetamine abuse , black cohosh overdose , caffeine overdose , dexedrine overdose , discontinuation syndrome , drug withdrawal , Indian tobacco poisoning , lithium toxicity , margosa oil overdose , methamphetamine overdose , opioid withdrawal , peppermint oil overdose
Psychiatric
Anxiety , brain fag syndrome , Da Costa's syndrome , Dementia with Lewy bodies , excitement , fatal familial insomnia , fatigue , fright frontotemporal dementia , hysteria , Lindsay-burn syndrome, stress
Pulmonary
Respiratory failure
Renal / Electrolyte
Hypomagnesemia , Normokalemic periodic paralysis
Rheum / Immune / Allergy
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency
Sexual
No underlying causes
Trauma
No underlying causes
Urologic
No underlying causes
Dental
No underlying causes
Miscellaneous
Senile , Salvioli syndrome, Combarros Calleja Leno syndrome
Causes in Alphabetical Order
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References
↑ Zeuner KE, Deuschl G (2012). "An update on tremors". Curr. Opin. Neurol . 25 (4): 475–82. doi :10.1097/WCO.0b013e3283550c7e . PMID 22772877 .
↑ Chemaly RE, Moussalli AS (2012). "Parkinsonian syndrome as a complication of systemic lupus erythematosus. Report of a case and review of the literature". J Med Liban . 60 (2): 103–5. PMID 22919866 .