Endometrial cancer causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Monalisa Dmello, M.B,B.S., M.D. [2]

Overview

Causes of endometrial cancer include genetic mutations of the KRAS gene, TP53 gene, TP16 gene, and/or PTEN gene. Other genetic mutations have also been described.

Causes

Endometrial cancer arises following multiple genetic mutations. The following genes are involved in the development of endometrial cancer:

Mutations found in Type I and Type II endometrial cancers Gene mutated Mutation type Type I prevalence Type II prevalence ARID1A point mutation 40% unknown CTNNB1 point mutation 14–44% unknown FGFR2 point mutation 16% unknown KRAS point mutation 10–20% unknown PIK3R1 point mutation 43% unknown TP53 point mutation 10–20% 90% PTEN point mutation 37–61% unknown MLH1 epigenetic silencing 30% unknown RASSF1A epigenetic silencing 48% unknown SPRY2 epigenetic silencing 20% unknown PPP2R1A point mutation unknown 17–41% CDH1 loss of heterozygosity unknown 80–90% CDKN2A loss of heterozygosity and/or epigenetic silencing 20% 40% PIK3CA (oncogene) amplification 24–39% 20–30% PIK3R1 (oncogene) point mutation unknown 12% STK15 (oncogene) amplification unknown 60% CCNE1 (oncogene) amplification unknown 55% ERBB2 (oncogene) amplification unknown 30% CCND1 (oncogene) amplification unknown 26%

References

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