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| {{Gliomatosis cerebri}} | | {{Gliomatosis cerebri}} |
| {{CMG}} | | {{CMG}}{{AE}}{{SR}} |
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| ==Overview== | | ==Overview== |
| World Health Organization (WHO) defines gliomatosis cerebri (GC) as a distinct nosological entity among other glial tumors of the central nervous system (CNS). Gliomatosis cerebri is classified as a diffusely infiltrating neuroepithelial tumor, which involves at least two cerebral lobes and, occasionally, [[infratentorial]] structures or the [[spinal cord]]. The [[brain]] architecture is commonly preserved, with [[neurons]] being spared, and the mass effect is minimal.
| | Gliomatosis cerebri is a rare primary [[brain tumor]]. According to WHO, gliomatosis cerebri is a distinct nosological entity among other glial tumors of the central nervous system. Gliomatosis cerebri is classified as a diffusely infiltrating neuroepithelial tumor, which involves at least two cerebral lobes and occasionally [[infratentorial]] structures or the [[spinal cord]]. The [[brain]] architecture is commonly preserved, with [[neurons]] being spared, and the mass effect is minimal. |
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| '''Gliomatosis cerebri (infiltrative diffuse astrocytosis)''' is a rare primary [[brain tumor]]. It is commonly characterized by diffuse infiltration of the brain with neoplastic [[glial cells]] that affect various areas of the cerebral lobes<ref>http://rad.usuhs.mil/medpix/radpix.html?mode=single&comebackto=mode%3Dgeo_browse&recnum=923</ref>.
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| It may affect any part of the [[brain]] or even the [[spinal cord]], [[optic nerve]] and compact [[white matter]]. Clinical manifestations are indefinite, and include [[headache]], [[seizures]], visual disturbances, [[corticospinal tract]] deficits, [[lethargy]], and [[dementia]].
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| Before the advent of [[MRI]], diagnosis was generally not established until [[autopsy]]. Even with MRI, however, diagnosis is difficult.<ref name="pmid10696026">{{cite journal |author=Bendszus M, Warmuth-Metz M, Klein R, Burger R, Schichor C, Tonn JC, Solymosi L |title=MR spectroscopy in gliomatosis cerebri |journal=[[AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology]] |volume=21 |issue=2 |pages=375–80 |year=2000 |month=February |pmid=10696026 |doi= |url=http://www.ajnr.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=10696026 |accessdate=2012-01-18}}</ref> Typically, gliomatosis cerebri appears as a diffuse, poorly circumscribed, infiltrating non-enhancing lesion that is hyperintense on T2-weighted images and expands the cerebral white matter. It is difficult to distinguish from highly infiltrate anaplastic astrocytoma or [[Glioblastoma multiforme|GBM]].<ref>http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/smd/Rad/neurocases/Neurocase01.htm</ref> Surgery is not practical considering the extent of the disease, standard [[chemotherapy]] (nitrosourea) has been unsuccessful, and while brain irradiation can stabilize or improve neurologic function in some patients, its impact on survival has yet to be proven.{{Fact|date=February 2007}}
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2]
Overview
Gliomatosis cerebri is a rare primary brain tumor. According to WHO, gliomatosis cerebri is a distinct nosological entity among other glial tumors of the central nervous system. Gliomatosis cerebri is classified as a diffusely infiltrating neuroepithelial tumor, which involves at least two cerebral lobes and occasionally infratentorial structures or the spinal cord. The brain architecture is commonly preserved, with neurons being spared, and the mass effect is minimal.
References
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