Hypopharyngeal cancer pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}} {{AE}}{{Faizan}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}}{{Faizan}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
On gross pathology, | On gross pathology, flattened plaques, mucosal ulceration, and raised margins of the lesion are characteristic findings of hypopharyngeal cancer. On microscopic histopathological analysis, [[spindle cell]]s, basaloid cells, and nuclear atypia are characteristic findings of hypopharyngeal cancer. Genes involved in the pathogenesis of hypopharyngeal cancer include ''p16'', ''NOTCH1'', and ''cyclin D1''. Hypopharyngeal cancer is associated with sideropaenic dysphagia and Paterson Brown Kelly syndrome.<ref name="pmid12560383">{{cite journal| author=Helliwell TR| title=acp Best Practice No 169. Evidence based pathology: squamous carcinoma of the hypopharynx. | journal=J Clin Pathol | year= 2003 | volume= 56 | issue= 2 | pages= 81-5 | pmid=12560383 | doi= | pmc=PMC1769882 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12560383 }} </ref> | ||
Genes involved in the pathogenesis of | |||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
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*''p16'' | *''p16'' | ||
*''NOTCH1'' | *''NOTCH1'' | ||
*''cyclin D1'' | *''cyclin D1'' | ||
*''TP53'' | *''TP53'' | ||
==Associated Diseases== | ==Associated Diseases== | ||
Hypopharyngeal carcinoma is associated with: | Hypopharyngeal carcinoma is associated with:<ref name="pmid12560383">{{cite journal| author=Helliwell TR| title=acp Best Practice No 169. Evidence based pathology: squamous carcinoma of the hypopharynx. | journal=J Clin Pathol | year= 2003 | volume= 56 | issue= 2 | pages= 81-5 | pmid=12560383 | doi= | pmc=PMC1769882 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12560383 }} </ref> | ||
*Sideropaenic dysphagia | *Sideropaenic dysphagia | ||
*Paterson Brown Kelly syndrome | *Paterson Brown Kelly syndrome | ||
==Gross Pathology== | ==Gross Pathology== | ||
Gross pathology of hypopharyngeal cancer includes: | Gross pathology of hypopharyngeal cancer includes:<ref name="pmid12560383">{{cite journal| author=Helliwell TR| title=acp Best Practice No 169. Evidence based pathology: squamous carcinoma of the hypopharynx. | journal=J Clin Pathol | year= 2003 | volume= 56 | issue= 2 | pages= 81-5 | pmid=12560383 | doi= | pmc=PMC1769882 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12560383 }} </ref> | ||
*Flattened plaques | *Flattened plaques | ||
*Raised margins of the lesion | *Raised margins of the lesion | ||
| Line 29: | Line 26: | ||
==Microscopic Pathology== | ==Microscopic Pathology== | ||
Microscopic features of hypopharyngeal carcinoma include: | Microscopic features of hypopharyngeal carcinoma include:<ref name="pmid12560383">{{cite journal| author=Helliwell TR| title=acp Best Practice No 169. Evidence based pathology: squamous carcinoma of the hypopharynx. | journal=J Clin Pathol | year= 2003 | volume= 56 | issue= 2 | pages= 81-5 | pmid=12560383 | doi= | pmc=PMC1769882 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12560383 }} </ref> | ||
*[[Spindle cell]]s | *[[Spindle cell]]s | ||
*Basaloid cells | *Basaloid cells | ||
Revision as of 14:42, 8 October 2015
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Faizan Sheraz, M.D. [2]
Overview
On gross pathology, flattened plaques, mucosal ulceration, and raised margins of the lesion are characteristic findings of hypopharyngeal cancer. On microscopic histopathological analysis, spindle cells, basaloid cells, and nuclear atypia are characteristic findings of hypopharyngeal cancer. Genes involved in the pathogenesis of hypopharyngeal cancer include p16, NOTCH1, and cyclin D1. Hypopharyngeal cancer is associated with sideropaenic dysphagia and Paterson Brown Kelly syndrome.[1]
Pathophysiology
Genetics
Genes involved in the pathogenesis of hypopharyngeal cancer include:
- p16
- NOTCH1
- cyclin D1
- TP53
Associated Diseases
Hypopharyngeal carcinoma is associated with:[1]
- Sideropaenic dysphagia
- Paterson Brown Kelly syndrome
Gross Pathology
Gross pathology of hypopharyngeal cancer includes:[1]
- Flattened plaques
- Raised margins of the lesion
- Mucosal ulceration
- Tumor spread to piriform sinus
Microscopic Pathology
Microscopic features of hypopharyngeal carcinoma include:[1]
- Spindle cells
- Basaloid cells
- Nuclear atypia
- Abundant chromatin