Breast lumps causes: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 19:54, 23 October 2015

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Jyostna Chouturi, M.B.B.S [2], João André Alves Silva, M.D. [3]

Overview

Breast lumps, or breast palpable masses, are the second most common breast symptoms, after mastalgia. These must be distinguished from the normal nodularity of the breast.^[1] They can be of cystic or solid nature, which can’t be appropriately distinguished just based on physical examination.^[2] Usually a breast lump is only palpable after reaching 2 cm of diameter.^[3] Breast lumps are more commonly found in premenopausal women, becoming less frequent with age.^[4] The most common etiologies are fibroadenomas, cysts and carcinomas. The probability of malignancy on a breast lump increases with age.^[5] Factors like the woman’s age and physical characteristics of the mass, palpated by the clinician, may provide clues about its etiology on an initial assessment. However, a definitive diagnosis must be pursued, since all breast lumps warrant thorough evaluation.^[6] Every palpable mass, whose benign nature cannot be appropriately determined by ultrasound, will require biopsy for tissue diagnosis. This also applies to lesions that cannot be visualized by mammography. The role of the mammography in this setting is also to look for other coincident lesions that may not be palpated.^[7]

Causes in female

Life Threatening Causes

There are no life-threatening causes.

Common Causes

Causes in female by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Mondor's disease
Chemical/Poisoning	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	Cysts of Montgomery, epithelioma of the nipple, hives, intraductal papilloma, lymphocytoma cutis, Paget's disease of the breast, retroareolar cyst, sclerosing adenosis, sebaceous cyst, skin lumps, Zuska's disease
Drug Side Effect	Alefacept, cyclosporine, efalizumab, estradiol, estrogen, estrogen and progestin, etanercept, etonogestrel and ethinyl estradiol, medroxyprogesterone, norelgestromin and ethinyl estradiol, progestin
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	Aberration of normal development and involution (ANDI), breast fibroadenoma, chronic cystic mastitis, fibro-adenosis of the newborn, fibroadenoma, galactocele, giant fibroadenoma, glandular thickening due to hormonal changes of pregnancy, gynecomastia, hyalinized fibroadenoma, premenstrual syndrome, simple cyst
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	No underlying causes
Genetic	Aberration of normal development and involution (ANDI), adenoid cystic carcinoma, apocrine metaplasia, apocrine or squamous metaplasia, apocrine papillary carcinoma, ataxia-telangiectasia heterozygosity, breast cancer, cancer, colloidal breast cancer, Cowden syndrome, cyclosporine, cyst wall cancer, ductal carcinoma, extramedullary myeloid tumor, giant mammary hamartoma, hamartoma, hereditary diffuse gastric cancer, Hodgkin's disease, inflammatory breast cancer, juvenile secretory carcinoma, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, lymphoma, malignant carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, metastatic breast cancer, metastatic cancer, mucinous carcinoma, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, primary breast cancer, PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome
Hematologic	Extramedullary myeloid tumor, Hodgkin's disease, lymphoma, medullary carcinoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, sarcoma, venous thrombosis
Iatrogenic	Abscess, alefacept, breast abscess, breast fat necrosis, breast implant, complicated cyst, cyclosporine, efalizumab, estradiol, estrogen, estrogen and progestin, etanercept, etonogestrel and ethinyl estradiol, hematoma, medroxyprogesterone, norelgestromin and ethinyl estradiol, postoperative scar/hematoma, progestin, radial scar, radiation induced angiosarcoma of the breast
Infectious Disease	Abscess, benign inflammatory periductal mastitis, breast abscess, tuberculosis of the breast
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	No underlying causes
Neurologic	Ataxia-telangiectasia heterozygosity
Nutritional/Metabolic	No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic	Aberration of normal development and involution (ANDI), adenoid cystic carcinoma, apocrine metaplasia, apocrine or squamous metaplasia, benign inflammatory periductal mastitis, apocrine papillary carcinoma, breast abscess, breast cancer, breast duct papilloma, breast fat necrosis, breast fibroadenoma, breast implant, breast injury,breast trauma, chronic cystic mastitis, colloidal breast cancer, complicated cyst, cowden syndrome, cyst wall cancer, cystosarcoma phyllodes, cysts of Montgomery, duct ectasia of breast, ductal carcinoma, epithelioma of the nipple, fat necrosis, fibro-adeno-lipoma, fibro-adenosis of the newborn, fibroadenoma, galactocele, giant fibroadenoma, giant mammary hamartoma, glandular thickening due to hormonal changes of pregnancy, gynecomastia, hyalinized fibroadenoma, intraductal papilloma, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, lobular neoplasia, lymphocytic mastitis, mammary duct ectasia, mastitis, metastatic breast cancer, mucinous carcinoma, paget's disease of the breast, periductal mastitis, phyllodes tumor, plasma cell mastitis, primary breast cancer, pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia, retroareolar cyst, ruptured cyst or duct, sclerosing adenosis, tuberculosis of the breast, Zuska's disease
Oncologic	Adenoid cystic carcinoma, apocrine papillary carcinoma, ataxia-telangiectasia heterozygosity, breast cancer, cancer, colloidal breast cancer, cyst wall cancer, cystosarcoma phyllodes, desmoplastic small round cell tumor, ductal carcinoma, epithelioma of the nipple, extramedullary myeloid tumor, hereditary diffuse gastric cancer, Hodgkin's disease, inflammatory breast cancer, juvenile secretory carcinoma, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, lymphoma, malignant carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, metastatic breast cancer, metastatic cancer, mucinous carcinoma, paget's disease of the breast, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, phyllodes tumor, primary breast cancer, pten hamartoma tumor syndrome, radiation induced angiosarcoma of the breast, rhabdomyosarcoma, sarcoma
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	Benign inflammatory periductal mastitis, cysts of Montgomery, desmoplastic small round cell tumor, hives, inflammatory breast cancer, intramammary lymph node, lymphatic obstruction, lymphocytoma cutis, lymphocytic mastitis, mastitis, Mondor's disease, periductal mastitis, plasma cell mastitis, Zuska's disease
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	Breast fat necrosis, breast injury, breast trauma, fat necrosis, hematoma, ruptured cyst or duct, traumatic fat necrosis
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Fibro-adeno-lipoma, hypertrophy, lipoma, lymphatic obstruction, oil cyst, postoperative scar/hematoma, radial scar, ruptured cyst or duct, venous thrombosis

Causes in female in Alphabetical Order

3

References

↑ Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson.; Robbins, Stanley L. (Stanley Leonard); Cotran, Ramzi S. (2005). Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disea. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders. ISBN 978-0-7216-0187-8.
↑ Andreoli, Thomas E.; Cecil, Russell L. (Russell La Fayette) (2010). Andreoli and Carpenter's Cecil essentials of medicin. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier. ISBN 978-1-4160-6109-0.
↑ Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson.; Robbins, Stanley L. (Stanley Leonard); Cotran, Ramzi S. (2005). Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disea. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders. ISBN 978-0-7216-0187-8.
↑ Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson.; Robbins, Stanley L. (Stanley Leonard); Cotran, Ramzi S. (2005). Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disea. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders. ISBN 978-0-7216-0187-8.
↑ Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson.; Robbins, Stanley L. (Stanley Leonard); Cotran, Ramzi S. (2005). Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disea. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders. ISBN 978-0-7216-0187-8.
↑ Bickley, Lynn S.; Szilagyi, Peter G.; Bates, Barbara (2009). Bates' guide to physical examination and history taki. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams Wilkins. ISBN 0-7817-8058-6.
↑ Andreoli, Thomas E.; Cecil, Russell L. (Russell La Fayette) (2010). Andreoli and Carpenter's Cecil essentials of medicin. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier. ISBN 978-1-4160-6109-0.

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[1] Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson.; Robbins, Stanley L. (Stanley Leonard); Cotran, Ramzi S. (2005). Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disea. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders. ISBN 978-0-7216-0187-8.

[2] Andreoli, Thomas E.; Cecil, Russell L. (Russell La Fayette) (2010). Andreoli and Carpenter's Cecil essentials of medicin. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier. ISBN 978-1-4160-6109-0.

[3] Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson.; Robbins, Stanley L. (Stanley Leonard); Cotran, Ramzi S. (2005). Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disea. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders. ISBN 978-0-7216-0187-8.

[4] Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson.; Robbins, Stanley L. (Stanley Leonard); Cotran, Ramzi S. (2005). Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disea. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders. ISBN 978-0-7216-0187-8.

[5] Kumar, Vinay; Abbas, Abul K.; Fausto, Nelson.; Robbins, Stanley L. (Stanley Leonard); Cotran, Ramzi S. (2005). Robbins and Cotran pathologic basis of disea. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders. ISBN 978-0-7216-0187-8.

[6] Bickley, Lynn S.; Szilagyi, Peter G.; Bates, Barbara (2009). Bates' guide to physical examination and history taki. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams Wilkins. ISBN 0-7817-8058-6.

[7] Andreoli, Thomas E.; Cecil, Russell L. (Russell La Fayette) (2010). Andreoli and Carpenter's Cecil essentials of medicin. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier. ISBN 978-1-4160-6109-0.

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@@ Line 200: / Line 200: @@
 *[[Duct ectasia of breast]]
 *[[Ductal carcinoma]]
-*[[efalizumab]]
+*[[Efalizumab]]
 *[[epithelioma|Epithelioma of the nipple]]
 *[[Estazolam]]
@@ Line 222: / Line 222: @@
 *[[hamartoma|Giant mammary hamartoma]]
 *[[Ginseng]]
 *[[pregnancy|Glandular thickening due to hormonal changes of pregnancy]]
-*[[Gynecomastia]]
+*[[Hematoma]]
-*[[hematoma]]
 *[[stomach cancer|Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer]]
 *[[Hives]]