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{{Infobox_Disease |
Name = Cholesterolosis of gallbladder |
Image = Cholesterolosis of the Gallbladder.jpg |
Caption = Cholesterolosis of the gallbladder. |
}}
{{Cholesterolosis of gall bladder}}
{{CMG}}
===Causes of Conjunctivitis===
==Overview ==
In [[surgical pathology]], '''strawberry [[gall bladder]]''', more formally '''cholesterolosis of the gall bladder''' and '''gall bladder cholesterolosis''', is a change in the gallbladder wall due to excess [[cholesterol]]/cholesterol [[gallstones]].
{{MultiCol}}
The name ''strawberry gallbladder'' comes from the typically stippled appearance of the [[mucosa ]]l surface on [[gross examination]], which resembles the appearance of a [[strawberry]].
*[[Acanthamoeba]]
*[[Acetaldehyde ]]
==Related Chapters==
* [[Cholecystectomy]]
* [[Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses ]]
*[[Acetic acid ]]
==External Links==
* {{GPnotebook|932839443}}
*[http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/cgi-bin/omd?strawberry+gallbladder Strawberry gallbladder] - cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk.
* {{cite journal |author=Izzo L, Boschetto A, Brachini G, ''et al'' |title= ["Strawberry" gallbladder: review of the literature and our experience ] |language=Italian |journal=Il Giornale di chirurgia |volume=22 |issue=1-2 |pages=33–6 |year=2001 |pmid=11272434 |doi=}}
*[[Acetic anhydride ]]
*[[Acetylcarbromal]]
{{Gastroenterology}}
*[[Adenovirus]]
[[Category:Digestive diseases]]
[[Category:Pathology]]
[[Category:General surgery]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology ]]
*[[Aesculus pollen ]]
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{{WikiDoc Sources}}
*[[Alder ]]
*[[Allergic conjunctivitis]]
*[[Alternaria ]]
*[[American feverfew]]
*[[Ammonia ]]
*[[Angelucci's syndrome ]]
*[[Anisole ]]
*[[Artemether and lumefantrin]]
*[[Arsenic]]
*[[Arsenic trioxide]]
*[[Ash juniper tree ]]
*[[Ash tree ]]
*[[Aspergillus]]
*[[Aureobasidium]]
*[[Bacterial conjunctivitis]]
*[[Beech tree ]]
*[[Bermuda grass ]]
*[[Beryllium ]]
*[[Birch tree ]]
*[[Blepharitis]]
*[[Box elder tree ]]
*[[Calcium Sulfate ]]
*[[Canary grass ]]
*[[Candida albicans ]]
*[[Capeweed ]]
*[[Caterpillar poisoning ]]
*[[Cetuximab]]
*[[Chlorine Dioxide ]]
*[[Chloroacetophenone]]
*[[Cicatricial pemphigoid]]
*[[Cladosporium ]]
*[[Clomethiazole]]
*[[Cobra poisoning ]]
*[[Cocklebur ]]
*[[Common Variable Immunodeficiency ]]
*[[Congenital chlamydia - maternal chlamydia causing conjunctivitis in newborns]]
*[[Congenital gonorrhea - maternal gonorrhea causing conjunctivitis in newborns]]
*[[Contact lens]]
*[[Coxsackie virus]]
*[[Crouzon Syndrome ]]
*[[Cypress tree ]]
*[[Cytarabine]]
*[[Cytosine arabinose syndrome ]]
*[[Dacryocystitis ]]
*[[Daisy ]]
*[[Dandelion]]
*[[Desmopressin]]
*[[Dexamethasone]]
*[[Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether ]]
*[[Dimethylamine ]]
*[[Dipivefrin]]
*[[Doxorubicin Hydrochloride]]
*[[Dust mite ]]
*[[Dyskeratosis congenita ]]
*[[Ectropion ]]
*[[Elm tree ]]
*[[Enterovirus 70]]
*[[Entropion]]
*[[Epicoccum ]]
*[[Epirubicin hydrochloride]]
{{ColBreak}}
*[[Erythema multiformae]]
*[[Ether ]]
*[[Ethylene Oxide ]]
*[[Etretinate]]
*[[Euphorbiaceae ]]
*[[European Ash tree ]]
*[[Facial nerve palsy]]
*[[Familial cold urticaria]]
*[[Familial hibernian fever ]]
*[[Flurbiprofen]]
*[[Fluticasone]] (spray)
*[[Follicular conjunctivitis]]
*[[Furfural ]]
*[[Fusarium ]]
*[[Giant papillary conjunctivitis]]
*[[Gonorrhea ]]
*[[Goosefoot ]]
*[[Green Lynx spider poisoning ]]
*[[Guayule ]]
*[[Haemophilus influenzae]]
*[[Hay fever ]]
*[[Helminth infections ]]
*[[Helminthosporium ]]
*[[Hemp ]]
*[[Herpes simplex]]
*[[Herpes virus 2]]
*[[Hickory tree ]]
*[[Hornbeam tree ]]
*[[Horse chestnut tree ]]
*[[Hydroquinone ]]
*[[Hypersensitivity to pollen ]]
*[[Job syndrome ]]
*[[Johnson grass ]]
*[[Kawasaki disease ]]
*[[Kentucky bluegrass ]]
*[[Koch-Weeks conjunctivitis]]
*[[Lacrimal canaliculitis]]
*[[Lepidopterism ]]
*[[Leprosy]]
*[[Leptospirosis ]]
*[[Lewisite ]]
*[[Listeria monocytogenes]]
*[[Lyme disease ]]
*[[Maple tree ]]
*[[Marshelder ]]
*[[Mayapple poisoning ]]
*[[Measles ]]
*[[Medrysone]]
*[[Melarsoprol]]
*[[Metaldehyde ]]
*[[Methylene Diisocyanate ]]
*[[Mold allergy ]]
*[[Monteroy pine tree ]]
*[[Morpholine ]]
*[[Mountain cedar tree ]]
*[[Mucor ]]
*[[Mugwort tree ]]
*[[Neisseria meningiditis]]
*[[Nitisinone]]
*[[Non-Specific Urethritis ]]
*[[Oak tree ]]
*[[Olea tree ]]
*[[Olive tree ]]
*[[Omsk hemorrhagic fever ]]
*[[Onchocerciasis]]
{{ColBreak}}
*[[Ophthalmia neonatorum]]
*[[Orache (Atriplex) ]]
*[[Orchard grass ]]
*[[Osmium ]]
*[[Pasteurella multocida ]]
*[[Pecan trees ]]
*[[Pemetrexed]]
*[[Penicillium ]]
*[[Pfiesteria piscicida ]]
*[[Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis]]
*[[Phosgene oxime]]
*[[Pigweed ]]
*[[Plane tree ]]
*[[Polychondritis ]]
*[[Poplar tree]]
*[[Propylene glycol dinitrate ]]
*[[Pyridoxine deficiency]]
*[[Quinone ]]
*[[Ragweed ]]
*[[Rapeseed oil ]]
*[[Rasagiline]]
*[[Redtop grass ]]
*[[Reiter's syndrome ]]
*[[Rhizopus ]]
*[[Rosacea]]
*[[Ryegrass ]]
*[[Sabia virus ]]
*[[Severe combined immunodeficiency]]
*[[Sjogren's syndrome ]]
*[[Smut ]]
*[[Staphylococcus aureus]]
*[[Stevens johnsons syndrome ]]
*[[Sulfuric Acid ]]
*[[Sulfuryl Fluoride ]]
*[[Sunflower ]]
*[[Sweet Syndrome ]]
*[[Sweet vernal grass ]]
*[[Theodore's superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis]]
*[[Tilia tree ]]
*[[Timothy grass ]]
*[[Toluene Diisocyanate ]]
*[[Toxic-shock syndrome ]]
*[[Trachoma]]
*[[Tumble weed ]]
*[[Tyrosinaemia]]
*[[Vanadium]]
*[[Velvet grass ]]
*[[Vernal conjunctivitis]]
*[[Viral conjunctivitis]]
*[[Wall pellitory ]]
*[[Walnut tree ]]
*[[Wegener's granulomatosis ]]
*[[White cedar tree ]]
*[[Willow tree]]
*[[Xeroderma pigmentosum]]
*[[X-linked agammaglobulinaemia ]]
*[[Xylene ]]
{{EndMultiCol}}
Cholesterolosis of gallbladder
Cholesterolosis of the gallbladder.
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview In surgical pathology , strawberry gall bladder , more formally cholesterolosis of the gall bladder and gall bladder cholesterolosis , is a change in the gallbladder wall due to excess cholesterol /cholesterol gallstones .
The name strawberry gallbladder comes from the typically stippled appearance of the mucosal surface on gross examination , which resembles the appearance of a strawberry .
Related Chapters External Links Template:Gastroenterology
Template:WikiDoc Sources
Sinusitis Sinusitis can occur from one of these conditions:
Small hairs (cilia ) in the sinuses , which help move mucus out, do not work properly due to some medical conditions .
Colds and allergies may cause too much mucus to be made or block the opening of the sinuses .A deviated nasal septum , nasal bone spur , or nasal polyps may block the opening of the sinuses .
Acute sinusitis is caused by damage to the lining of the sinuses from surgery or infections .Chronic sinusitis may be caused by bacteria or a fungus .Drug side effect- Alfuzosin , Bicalutamide , Botulinum toxin , Ciclesonide , Cidofovir , Lamotrigine , Omalizumab , Metronidazole Topical , Mifepristone , Naproxen and esomeprazole magnesium , Oxaprozin , Pentamidine Isethionate , Pirfenidone , Secukinumab , Sertraline , Tamsulosin , Topiramate , Travoprost , Zanamivir , zileuton
Mediastinitis Acute Chronic Chronic medistinitis is usually a radiologic diagnosis manifested by diffuse fibrosis of the soft tissues of the mediastinum. This is sometimes the consequence of prior granulomatous disease, most commonly histoplasmosis . Other identifiable causes include tuberculosis and radiation therapy. Fibrosing mediastinitis most frequently causes problems by constricting blood vessels or airways in the mediastinum. This may result in such complications as superior vena cava syndrome or pulmonary edema from compression of pulmonary veins.
Ventricular Tachycardia Common causes of ventricular tachycardia include ischemic heart disease , illicit drugs (cocaine and methamphetamine ), structural heart disease (including congenital heart diseases such as tetralogy of Fallot ), inherited channelopathies , drug toxicity (digoxin , drugs that prolong the QT interval ) and electrolyte disturbances (such as hypokalemia , hypomagnesemia , and hypocalcemia ).
Table 1. Common Bacterial Pathogens in Neutropenic Patients
Gram-Positive Pathogens
Coagulase-negative staphylococci
Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant strains
Enterococcus species, including vancomycin-resistant strains
Viridans group streptococci
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Streptococcus pyogenes
Gram-Negative Pathogens
Escherichia coli
Klebsiella species
Enterobacter species
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Citrobacter species
Acinetobacter species
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Bloodstream infections caused by endogenous flora and reactivation of latent infections account for a majority of initial febrile episode in neutropenic patients with cancer. Common bacterial isolates that cause bacteremia in the setting of neutropenia are listed in Table 1.[ 1] herpes simplex virus , varicella-zoster virus , Epstein-Barr virus , cytomegalovirus , hepatitis B and C viruses, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Clostridium difficile respiratory syncytial virus , vancomycin -resistant enterococci , and other multidrug resistant bacteria.[ 2]
Fungal infections often take place in the setting of prolonged or profound neutropenia after administration of empirical therapy. Candidiasis may range in severity from mucosal or cutaneous infection to septicemia , endocarditis , or disseminated infection. Aspergillus , on the contrary, typically causes life-threatening infection of the sinuses and lungs, particularly after protracted neutropenia.[ 3]
Causes by Organ System
Cardiovascular
No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning
No underlying causes
Dental
No underlying causes
Dermatologic
No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect
Acetaminophen and Oxycodone , Aclarubicin, Albendazole , Alemtuzumab , Alkylating antineoplastic agent , Alkylators, Arsenicals , Auranofin , Azathioprine , Aztreonam , Boceprevir , Busulphan, carbamazepine , Carboplatin , Cefadroxil , Ceftazidime , Certolizumab pegol , Chlorpromazine , Chloramphenicol , Chlorpropamide , Cidofovir , Clomipramine , Colchicine toxicity , Cytotoxic drugs and radiation , Dactinomycin , Doxorubicin , Ethosuximide , Febuxostat , Flucytosine , Gold , Gemifloxacin mesylate , Idarubicin , indomethacin , Interferon beta- 1a , Lincomycin Hydrochloride Minocycline hydrochloride , Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs , Ofatumumab , Omacetaxine , Oxaprozin , Oxcarbazepine , Penicillamine , phenacemide , Phenylbutazone, Piperacillin , Pralatrexate , propylthiouracil , Pyrimethamine , Rabeprazole , Radium chloride , sulfonamides , Tamoxifen , Tolbutamide , Tolazamide , Trifluoperazine , Trimethadione , Thiothixene , Valganciclovir hydrochloride
Ear Nose Throat
No underlying causes
Endocrine
Thyroid carcinoma
Environmental
Tobacco use, Environmental/occupational (eg, benzene)
Gastroenterologic
Portal hypertension , Intestinal lymphangiectasia , Hepatitis
Genetic
Ataxia telangiectasia , Barth syndrome , Chediak-Higashi disease , defect in synthesis of adenosylcobalamin, DNA repair deficiencies, Down syndrome , Dubowitz syndrome , familial monosomy 7, Fanconi anaemia , genotoxic therapy, glutathione synthase deficiency, glycogen storage diseases , mutagen exposure, mutagen -detoxification (GSTq1-null), neurofibromatosis 1 , Niemann-Pick disease , Nijmege breakage syndrome, Noonan syndrome , organic acid metabolism defect, Pearson syndrome , Seckel syndrome , Severe combined immunodeficiency , T- B+ due to JAK3 deficiency, trisomy 8 mosaicism, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
Hematologic
Sickle cell disease , Reticular dysgenesis, Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria , Non-Hodgkin lymphoma , Myelpathic anemia ,
Myeloma , Myelofibrosis , Myelodysplastic syndrome , Megaloblastic anaemia , Malignant histiocytosis , Leucoerythroblastic anaemia ,
Large granular lymphocytic leukemia , Langerhans cell histiocytosis , Ineffective erythropoiesis, Hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndromes ,
Hypersplenism , Hodgkin lymphoma , Histiocytosis X , Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma , Hemoglobin H disease , Hematopoietic cell transplantation, Hairy cell leukaemia , Haemoglobin SC disease , Haemoglobin E disease , Graft versus host disease , Familial myelofibrosis , Familial histiocytic reticulosis, Eosinophilic fasciitis , Cyclical neutropenia , Congenital neutropenia (Kostmann's or Shwachman-Diamond syndrome), Common variable hypogammaglobulinaemia , Chronic myeloid leukaemia , Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia , Bleeding (Excessive), Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome type 2, Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome type 1, Aplastic anemia , Amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia , Aggressive NK-cell leukemia , Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Iatrogenic
No underlying causes
Infectious Disease
Q fever , Parvovirus B19 infection, Oklahoma tick fever, Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Legionella pneumophila , Lassa fever , Human immunodeficiency virus , Epstein-Barr virus Seronegative, Dengue , Brucellosis
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic
No underlying causes
Neurologic
No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic
Vitamin C deficiency , Vitamin B12 deficiency , Marasmus , Malabsorption syndrome , Kwashiorkor , Iron deficiency ,
Intrinsic factor deficiency, Folate deficiency , Copper deficiency
Obstetric/Gynecologic
Pregnancy
Oncologic
Thymoma , Prostate cancer , Metastatic neoplasm, Melanoma , Germ cell tumors (embryonal dysgenesis), Ewing sarcoma , Chondrosarcoma , Cancer treatment
Ophthalmologic
No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity
No underlying causes
Psychiatric
Anorexia nervosa
Pulmonary
No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte
Renal failure, chronic
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy
Systemic lupus erythematosus , Rheumatoid disease , Osteopetrosis autosomal recessive 2, Osteopetrosis lethal
Osteoclastoma, Ankylosing spondylitis
Sexual
No underlying causes
Trauma
No underlying causes
Urologic
No underlying causes
Miscellaneous
Topoisomerase II interactive agents, Plummer-Vinson syndrome , Obesity , Idiopathic , Glue vapors, Dyskeratosis congenita Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, Diamond-Blackfan anemia , Castleman disease , Bloom's syndrome
Causes in Alphabetical Order
Beta-emitters (eg, radioactive P-32) Congenital neutropenia (Kostmann's or Shwachman-Diamond syndrome) Defect in synthesis of adenosylcobalamin
Environmental/occupational (eg, benzene) Glutathione synthase deficiency Hematopoietic cell transplantation Intrinsic factor deficiency
Mutagen-detoxification (GSTq1-null) Topoisomerase II interactive agents
Causes of Hypotension Causes Life Threatening Causes Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Sandbox Ochuko developed by WikiDoc.org
Common Causes Sandbox Ochuko developed by WikiDoc.org
Causes by Organ System
Cardiovascular
Aortic aneurysm rupture , aortic arch syndrome , aortic isthmus stenosis , aortic regurgitation , aortic stenosis , aortocaval compression syndrome , atrial myxoma , atrioventricular node conduction block , B type natriuretic peptide , baroceptor dysfunction in the elderly, capillary leak syndrome , cardiac tamponade , cardiogenic shock , carotid sinus hypersensitivity , carotid sinus syndrome , coarctation of aorta , complete heart block , constrictive pericarditis , cor triatriatum , dehydration , dissecting aortic aneurysm , distributive shock , Eisenmenger's syndrome , embolism , endotoxic shock , gray baby syndrome , heart arrhythmia , heart block , heart failure , heart injury, hemorrhagic shock , hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy , hypovolemic shock , idiopathic hypotension , iliac artery aneurysm rupture , internal bleeding , ischaemic heart disease , myocardial infarction , myocardial ischemia , obstructive shock , orthostatic hypotension , pericardial effusion , pericarditis , perimyocarditis , post-tussive syncope , postural hypotension , pulmonary embolism , shock , sick sinus syndrome , supraventricular tachycardia , syncope , tetralogy of Fallot , traumatic shock , tricuspid stenosis , vasovagal syncope , ventricular fibrillation , WPW syndrome
Chemical / poisoning
Acetaldehyde , adiponitrile , copper , cyanides , demeton-S-methyl , diazinon , dioxathion , disulfoton , ethion , fensulfothion , fenthion , honey bee bite, indian tobacco, malathion , methidathion , methiocarb , methomyl , mushroom poisoning , parathion , phosdrin , poison hemlock , profenofos , scorpion bite, sodium nitrite , terbufos , tetraethyl pyrophosphate , tetrodotoxin , tobacco , wasp bite
Dermatologic
Gray baby syndrome , mastocytosis
Drug Side Effect
Acetophenazine , alcuronium , alfuzosin , aliskiren , alseroxylon, ambenonium , ambrisentan , amifostine , aminoglutethimide , amitriptyline , amlodipine , amoxapine , amphotericin B , amrinone , amyl nitrate , antipsychotic agents , apomorphine , azilsartan medoxomil, B type natriuretic peptide , baclofen , beta blockers , bethanechol , bethanidine, bortezomib , bosentan , bretylium , bromocriptine , bupivacaine , cabergoline , calcium channel blockers , candesartan , captopril , chloroquine , chlorpheniramine , chlorpromazine , chlorthalidone , cilazapril , cinacalcet , cinnarizine , clevidipine , clomipramine , clonidine , colchicine , cyclobenzaprine , deserpidine , desferrioxamine , desipramine , dexmedetomidine , diazoxide , dichlorvos , dicobalt edetate, dicrotophos , diltiazem , diphenhydramine , dipyridamole , disopyramide , distigmine , diuretics , donepezil , dothiepin , doxazosin , doxepin , enalapril , epidural anaesthesia , eplerenone , epoprostenol , etoposide , felodipine , fenoldopam , fentanyl , fosinopril , general anaesthesia , glyceryl trinitrate , granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor , gray baby syndrome , guanadrel , guanethidine , guanfacine , haloperidol , hexamethonium , hydralazine , hydroxyzine , imipramine , indapamide , indoramin , interleukin 2 , iodine containing radiocontrast media, irbesartan , isosorbide dinitrate , isosorbide mononitrate , isoxsuprine , isradipine , ketanserin , labetalol , l-dopa , levomepromazine , levosimendan , lidocaine , lisinopril , lithium , lofexidine , losartan , mecamylamine , methyldopa , metirosine , metolazone , minoxidil , morphine , moxonidine , nefazodone , neostigmine , niacin , nicorandil , nifedipine , nimodipine , nitroprusside , nortriptyline , olanzapine , olmesartan , omapatrilat , opioid poisoning , paliperidone , pentamidine , perazine , pergolide , phenothiazines , phenoxybenzamine , phentolamine , pimobendan, pinacidil , pipothiazine , piribedil , pramipexole , prazosin , protamine sulfate , protriptyline , quetiapine , ramipril , rasagiline , reboxetine , reserpine , rilmenidine , risperidone , rituximab , ropinirole , rotigotine , sassafras oil, serotonin syndrome , sildenafil , silodosin , sodium nitroprusside , spironolactone , streptokinase , sulphonamides , tacrine , tadalafil , tamsulosin , terazosin , tetrabenazine , tizanidine , tolazoline , tramadol , treprostinil , trifluperidol , trimethaphan , trimipramine , tubocurarine , urapidil , valerian , valsartan , vardenafil , verapamil , ziconotide , zotepine
Ear Nose Throat
No underlying causes
Endocrine
Achalasia-addisonianism-alacrima syndrome , ACTH deficiency , Addison's disease , addisonian crisis , adrenal hemorrhage , adrenogenital syndrome , adrenoleukodystrophy , Allgrove syndrome , APECED syndrome , B type natriuretic peptide , carcinoid syndrome , congenital adrenal hyperplasia , diabetes insipidus , diabetic autonomic neuropathy , diabetic ketoacidosis , hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic coma , hypoaldosteronism , hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism , hypothyroidism , Myxedema , myxedema coma , panhypopituitarism , pituitary insufficiency , pseudohypoaldosteronism , Renon-Delille syndrome, serotonin syndrome , triple-A syndrome
Environmental
Snake bite , zero gravity
Gastroenterologic
Achalasia-addisonianism-alacrima syndrome , acute liver failure , acute pancreatitis , acute viral gastroenteritis , Allgrove syndrome , bowel strangulation, deglutition syncope, diarrhea , duodenal ulcer bleeding , gastric ulcer bleeding , gastric volvulus , hepatic vein thrombosis , hepatitis , intususception , mastocytosis , necrotizing enterocolitis , paralytic ileus , peritonitis , postprandial hypotension , retroperitoneal haemorrhage , small bowel obstruction , splenic rupture , superior mesenteric artery occlusion , triple A syndrome , tropical sprue , variceal bleeding , vomiting
Genetic
Achalasia-addisonianism-alacrima syndrome , acute intermittent porphyria , Allgrove syndrome , APECED syndrome , Bartter syndrome , corticosteroid-binding globulin deficiency , familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy type 2, hereditary peripheral nervous disorder, hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 3, pseudohypoaldosteronism , Renon-Delille syndrome, Riley-Day syndrome , triple A syndrome , Wohlwill-Andrade syndrome
Hematologic
Acute intermittent porphyria , anemia
Iatrogenic
After a major surgery, blood transfusion , dialyzer hypersensitivity syndrome, epidural anesthesia , gastric acid stimulation test using histamines, general anesthesia , mechanical ventilation , post-operative, renal dialysis , transfusion reaction
Infectious Disease
Acute viral gastroenteritis , botulism , cholera , dengue hemorrhagic fever , hantavirus , lassa fever , rocky mountain spotted fever , septic shock , septicemia , toxic shock syndrome , vibrio vulnificus , Waterhouse-Friederichsen syndrome , Weil syndrome
Musculoskeletal / Ortho
Cervical spine injury , fracture of bone , vertebral fracture
Neurologic
Autonomic failure , autonomic neuropathy , Binswanger's disease , Bradbury-Eggleston syndrome , diabetic autonomic neuropathy , DOPA decarboxylase deficiency , dopamine beta hydroxylase deficiency , dysautonomia , glossopharyngeal neuralgia , Guillain-Barre syndrome , hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome, hereditary peripheral nervous disorder, hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 3, multiple system atrophy , neurogenic shock , Parkinson's disease , polyradiculitis , Riley-Day syndrome , seizures , Shy-Drager syndrome , syringomyelia , tabes dorsalis , vasovagal syncope , Wohlwill-Andrade syndrome
Nutritional / Metabolic
Dehydration ,excessive dieting ,kwashiorkor
Obstetric/Gynecologic
Aortocaval compression syndrome , ectopic pregnancy rupture , ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome , postpartum haemorrhage , pregnancy , puerpural shock, septic abortion , uterine rupture
Oncologic
Atrial myxoma , carcinoid syndrome , mastocytosis , pheochromocytoma , serotonin-secreting tumor
Opthalmologic
No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity
Acetophenazine , alcuronium , alfuzosin , aliskiren , alseroxylon, ambenonium , ambrisentan , amifostine , aminoglutethimide , amitriptyline , amlodipine , amoxapine , amphotericin B , amrinone , antipsychotic agents , apomorphine , azilsartan medoxomil, baclofen , beta blockers , bethanechol , bethanidine, bortezomib , bosentan , bretylium , bromocriptine , bupivacaine , cabergoline , calcium channel blockers , candesartan , captopril , chloroquine , chlorpheniramine , chlorpromazine , chlorthalidone , cilazapril , cinnarizine , clevidipine , clomipramine , clonidine , colchicine , cyclobenzaprine , deserpidine , desferrioxamine , desipramine , dexmedetomidine , diazoxide , dichlorvos , dicobalt edetate, dicrotophos , diltiazem , diphenhydramine , dipyridamole , disopyramide , distigmine , diuretics , donepezil , dothiepin , doxazosin , doxepin , enalapril , epidural anaesthesia , eplerenone , epoprostenol , etoposide , felodipine , fenoldopam , fentanyl , fosinopril , general anaesthesia , glyceryl trinitrate , granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor , guanadrel , guanethidine , guanfacine , haloperidol , hexamethonium , hydralazine , hydroxyzine , imipramine , indapamide , indoramin , interleukin 2 , irbesartan , isosorbide dinitrate , isosorbide mononitrate , isoxsuprine , isradipine , ketanserin , labetalol , l-dopa , levomepromazine , levosimendan , lidocaine , lisinopril , lithium , lofexidine , losartan , magnesium overdose , mecamylamine , methyldopa , metirosine , metolazone , minoxidil , morphine , moxonidine , nefazodone , neostigmine , niacin , nicorandil , nifedipine , nimodipine , nitroprusside , nortriptyline , olanzapine , , olmesartan , omapatrilat , opioid poisoning , paliperidone , pentamidine , perazine , pergolide , phenothiazines , phenoxybenzamine , phentolamine , pimobendan, pinacidil , pipothiazine , piribedil , pramipexole , prazosin , protamine sulfate , protriptyline , quetiapine , ramipril , rasagiline , reboxetine , reserpine , rilmenidine , risperidone , rituximab , ropinirole , rotigotine , sassafras oil, sildenafil , silodosin , sodium nitroprusside , spironolactone , streptokinase , sulphonamides , tacrine , tadalafil , tamsulosin , terazosin , tetrabenazine , tizanidine , tolazoline , tramadol , treprostinil , trifluperidol , trimethaphan , trimipramine , tubocurarine , urapidil , valerian , valsartan , vardenafil , verapamil , ziconotide , zotepine
Psychiatric
Anorexia nervosa , depression
Pulmonary
Post-tussive syncope , pulmonary edema , pulmonary embolism , tension pneumothorax
Renal / Electrolyte
Bartter syndrome , dehydration , familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy type 2, hypermagnesaemia , hypokalemia , hyponatremia
Rheum / Immune / Allergy
Amyloidosis , anaphylactic shock , anaphylactoid reaction , blood transfusion , dialyzer hypersensitivity syndrome, food additive allergy, Guillain-Barre syndrome , honey bee bite, mastocytosis , scorpion bite, transfusion reaction , urticaria , wasp bite, Wohlwill-Andrade syndrome , x-ray studies using contrast media
Sexual
Renon-Delille syndrome
Trauma
Blood vessel trauma, burns , cervical spine injury , chemical burn , fracture of bone , heart injury, pericardial effusion , shaken baby syndrome , tension pneumothorax , traumatic shock
Urologic
No underlying causes
Dental
No underlying causes
Miscellaneous
Alcohol , alcohol withdrawal syndrome , decompression sickness , deglutition syncope, dehydration , fatigue , heat exhaustion , hypothermia , insufficient fluid intake, low salt diet, micturition syncope , prolonged bed rest, snake bite , syncope , volume depletion , zero gravity
Sandbox Ochuko developed by WikiDoc.org
Causes in Alphabetical Order Sandbox Ochuko developed by WikiDoc.org
Primary treatment option Atropine
❑ Administer a first dose 0.5 mg IV bolus
Secondary treatment options If atropine ineffective:
References
↑ Pagano, L. (2012-05). "A prospective survey of febrile events in hematological malignancies". Annals of Hematology . 91 (5): 767–774. doi :10.1007/s00277-011-1373-2 . ISSN 1432-0584 . PMID 22124621 . ↑ MD, John E. Niederhuber (2013-11-05). Abeloff's Clinical Oncology: Expert Consult Premium Edition - Enhanced Online Features and Print, 5e (5 edition ed.). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Saunders. ISBN 9781455728657 . ↑ Freifeld, Alison G. (2011-02-15). "Clinical practice guideline for the use of antimicrobial agents in neutropenic patients with cancer: 2010 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America". Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America . 52 (4): 427–431. doi :10.1093/cid/ciq147 . ISSN 1537-6591 . PMID 21205990 .
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