Zika virus infection laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The diagnosis of Zika virus infection is usually made by detection of elevated IgM and IgG Zika virus antibodies on ELISA or viral RNA on RT-PCR. Non-specific lab findings include elevated markers of inflammation, mild neutropenia, normal leukocyte count or mild leukocytosis with normal platelet count and liver function | The diagnosis of Zika virus infection is usually made by detection of elevated IgM and IgG Zika virus antibodies on [[ELISA]] or viral RNA on [[RT-PCR]]. Non-specific lab findings include elevated markers of inflammation, mild [[neutropenia]], normal leukocyte count or mild [[leukocytosis]] with normal [[platelet]] count and [[liver function test]]s. | ||
==Laboratory Findings== | ==Laboratory Findings== | ||
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*Patients with Zika virus may also have the following non-specific lab findings | *Patients with Zika virus may also have the following non-specific lab findings | ||
===Non-Specific Laboratory Findings=== | ===Non-Specific Laboratory Findings=== | ||
*Elevated markers of inflammation and acute phase reactants (e.g. ESR, C-reactive protein, ferritin) | *Elevated markers of inflammation and acute phase reactants (e.g. [[ESR]], [[C-reactive protein]], [[ferritin]]) | ||
*Elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) | *Elevated [[lactate dehydrogenase]] (LDH) | ||
*Mild neutropenia | *Mild [[neutropenia]] | ||
*Normal leukocyte count / mild leukocytosis | *Normal [[leukocyte]] count / mild [[leukocytosis]] | ||
*Platelet count and liver function | *[[Platelet]] count and [[liver function test]]s (LFTs) are usually normal (vs. [[thrombocytopenia]] and elevated LFTs in [[Dengue fever]]) | ||
===ELISA=== | ===ELISA=== | ||
Revision as of 01:24, 4 January 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nate Michalak, B.A.
Overview
The diagnosis of Zika virus infection is usually made by detection of elevated IgM and IgG Zika virus antibodies on ELISA or viral RNA on RT-PCR. Non-specific lab findings include elevated markers of inflammation, mild neutropenia, normal leukocyte count or mild leukocytosis with normal platelet count and liver function tests.
Laboratory Findings
- The diagnosis of Zika virus infection is usually made by detection of elevated IgM and IgG Zika virus antibodies on ELISA or viral RNA on RT-PCR.
- Patients with Zika virus may also have the following non-specific lab findings
Non-Specific Laboratory Findings
- Elevated markers of inflammation and acute phase reactants (e.g. ESR, C-reactive protein, ferritin)
- Elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
- Mild neutropenia
- Normal leukocyte count / mild leukocytosis
- Platelet count and liver function tests (LFTs) are usually normal (vs. thrombocytopenia and elevated LFTs in Dengue fever)
ELISA
- ELISA can be used to detect virus-specific IgM (anti-ZIKV-IgM) and neutralizing antibodies toward the end of the first week of illness.
- Cross-reaction with related flaviviruses (e.g., dengue and West Nile viruses) is common and may be difficult to discern.
- Plaque-reduction neutralization testing can be performed to measure virus-specific neutralizing antibodies and discriminate between cross-reacting antibodies in primary flavivirus infections.[1]
PCR
- During the first week after onset of symptoms, Zika virus may be diagnosed by performing reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on serum.
References
- ↑ For HealthCare Providers: Diagnostic Testing. Center for Disease Control and Prevention (June 1, 2015). http://www.cdc.gov/zika/hc-providers/diagnostic.html Accessed December 21, 2015.