Sandbox:Otitis externa causes: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The primary cause of otitis externa is [[bacterial]]; the majority of cases result from ''[[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]]'' or ''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]'' infections. [[Otomycosis]] can also cause otitis externa, with primary infectious [[fungi]] including ''[[Candida albicans]]'' and ''[[Aspergillus niger]]''. | |||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
Revision as of 13:37, 29 April 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.
Overview
The primary cause of otitis externa is bacterial; the majority of cases result from Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Staphylococcus aureus infections. Otomycosis can also cause otitis externa, with primary infectious fungi including Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger.
Causes
Causes of otitis externa include all infectious sources ofinflammation of the external ear canal.[1]
Bacterial
- The primary bacterial infectious causes of otitis externa are the following:[2]
- Additional bacterial causes include the following:[3]
- Staphylococcus epidermidis
- Microbacterium otitidis
- Microbacterium alconae
- Staphylococcus caprae
- Staphylococcus auricularis
- Enterococcus faecalis
- Enterobacter cloacae
- Staphylococcus capitis
- Staphylococcus haemolyticus
- Infectious bacteria that thrive in water can cause otitis externa due to facilitated transport to the ear canal.[4]
Fungal
- Otomycosis can cause otitis externa, with primary infectious fungi including the following:[5]
- Otomycosis-caused otitis externa is common after prolonged antibiotic therapy.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hajioff D, Mackeith S (2008). "Otitis externa". BMJ Clin Evid. 2008. PMC 2907945. PMID 19450296.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Williams, K. P.; Gillespie, J. J.; Sobral, B. W. S.; Nordberg, E. K.; Snyder, E. E.; Shallom, J. M.; Dickerman, A. W. (2010). "Phylogeny of Gammaproteobacteria". Journal of Bacteriology. 192 (9): 2305–2314. doi:10.1128/JB.01480-09. ISSN 0021-9193.
- ↑ Roland PS, Stroman DW (2002). "Microbiology of acute otitis externa". Laryngoscope. 112 (7 Pt 1): 1166–77. doi:10.1097/00005537-200207000-00005. PMID 12169893.
- ↑ "Swimmer's ear : MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia".
- ↑ Rosenfeld, R; Brown, L; Cannon, C; Dolor, R; Ganiats, T; Hannley, M; Kokemueller, P; Marcy, S; Roland, P; Shiffman, R (2006). "Clinical practice guideline: Acute otitis externa". Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery. 134 (4): S4–S23. doi:10.1016/j.otohns.2006.02.014. ISSN 0194-5998.