Necrotizing fasciitis: Difference between revisions
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==[[Necrotizing fasciitis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]== | ==[[Necrotizing fasciitis epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]== | ||
===Prevalence=== | |||
===Incidence=== | ===Incidence=== | ||
*The incidence of necrotizing fasciitis in adults is 0.40 cases per 100,000 people/year and the incidence in children is higher at 0.08 cases per 100,000 people/year.<ref name="pmid9599907">{{cite journal| author=File TM, Tan JS, DiPersio JR| title=Group A streptococcal necrotizing fasciitis. Diagnosing and treating the "flesh-eating bacteria syndrome". | journal=Cleve Clin J Med | year= 1998 | volume= 65 | issue= 5 | pages= 241-9 | pmid=9599907 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9599907 }} </ref><ref name="pmid3051309">{{cite journal| author=Chaouat Y, Chaouat D| title=[Primary hyperparathyroidism. History]. | journal=Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic | year= 1988 | volume= 55 | issue= 7 | pages= 475-8 | pmid=3051309 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3051309 }} </ref> | *The incidence of necrotizing fasciitis in adults is 0.40 cases per 100,000 people/year and the incidence in children is higher at 0.08 cases per 100,000 people/year.<ref name="pmid9599907">{{cite journal| author=File TM, Tan JS, DiPersio JR| title=Group A streptococcal necrotizing fasciitis. Diagnosing and treating the "flesh-eating bacteria syndrome". | journal=Cleve Clin J Med | year= 1998 | volume= 65 | issue= 5 | pages= 241-9 | pmid=9599907 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9599907 }} </ref><ref name="pmid3051309">{{cite journal| author=Chaouat Y, Chaouat D| title=[Primary hyperparathyroidism. History]. | journal=Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic | year= 1988 | volume= 55 | issue= 7 | pages= 475-8 | pmid=3051309 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3051309 }} </ref> | ||
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===Case Fatality Rate=== | |||
===Age=== | |||
===Gender=== | |||
===Race=== | |||
===Developed countries=== | |||
===Developing countries=== | |||
==[[Necrotizing fasciitis risk factors|Risk Factors]]== | ==[[Necrotizing fasciitis risk factors|Risk Factors]]== | ||
Revision as of 16:26, 29 August 2016
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Necrotizing fasciitis Microchapters |
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Necrotizing fasciitis On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Necrotizing fasciitis |
For patient information on this page, click here
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yamuna Kondapally, M.B.B.S[2] Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3]
Synonyms and keywords:Phagadena; Phagadena gangrenosum; Meleney’s gangrene; Hemolytic streptococcal gangrene; Flesh eating bacteria; Hospital gangrene; Acute dermal gangrene; Suppurative fasciitis; Synergistic necrotizing cellulitis; Gangrenous ulcer; Malignant ulcer; Putrid ulcer
Overview
Historical Perspective
- Necrotizing fasciitis was first described in 1871 during civil war by a confederate army surgeon named Joseph Jones.
- The association between bacterial infection and necrotizing fasciitis was made in 1918.
- In 1952, the disease was named as necrotizing fasciitis.[1]
Classification
- Necrotizing fasciitis may be classified according to international classification of diseases-10 (ICD-10) into:[2]
- M72.6 Necrotizing fasciitis
- Based on microbiological findings, necrotizing fasciitis may be classified into four types
- Type 1: Polymicrobial:
- Type 2: Group A streptococcal
- Type 3: Gas gangrene or clostridial myonecrosis
- Type 4:
| Type | Pathogens |
|---|---|
| Type 1 or Polymicrobial | ● Staphylococcus aureus ● Haemophilus ● Vibrio ● Several other aerobic and anaerobic strains |
| Type 2 or Monomicrobial | ● Beta hemolytic streptococcus group A (Streptococcus pyogenes) ● High spiky fever ● Firm mass with pus |
| Type 3 or Gas gangrene or Clostridial myonecrosis |
● Fluctuant mass ● Dissemination of infection ● Septicemia ● Acute renal failure ● Metastatic abscesses ● Septic shock ● Death |
| Type 4 |
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Necrotizing fasciitis from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Prevalence
Incidence
- The incidence of necrotizing fasciitis in adults is 0.40 cases per 100,000 people/year and the incidence in children is higher at 0.08 cases per 100,000 people/year.[3][4]
Case Fatality Rate
Age
Gender
Race
Developed countries
Developing countries
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | X Ray | CT | MRI | Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
See also
- Mucormycosis, a rare fungal infection which can present like necrotizing fasciitis
- Toxic shock syndrome
Template:Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue
- ↑ Caplehorn JR, Bell J (1991). "Methadone dosage and retention of patients in maintenance treatment". Med J Aust. 154 (3): 195–9. PMID 1988793.
- ↑ ICD-10 version:2016. http://apps.who.int/classifications/icd10/browse/2016/en#/M72.6 2016 Accessed on August 25,2016
- ↑ File TM, Tan JS, DiPersio JR (1998). "Group A streptococcal necrotizing fasciitis. Diagnosing and treating the "flesh-eating bacteria syndrome"". Cleve Clin J Med. 65 (5): 241–9. PMID 9599907.
- ↑ Chaouat Y, Chaouat D (1988). "[Primary hyperparathyroidism. History]". Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic. 55 (7): 475–8. PMID 3051309.