Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis other diagnostic studies: Difference between revisions
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* C reactive protein.<ref name="YuanKe2013">{{cite journal|last1=Yuan|first1=Le-Yong|last2=Ke|first2=Zun-Qiong|last3=Wang|first3=Ming|last4=Li|first4=Yan|title=Procalcitonin and C-Reactive Protein in the Diagnosis and Prediction of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Associated With Chronic Severe Hepatitis B|journal=Annals of Laboratory Medicine|volume=33|issue=6|year=2013|pages=449|issn=2234-3806|doi=10.3343/alm.2013.33.6.449}}</ref> | * C reactive protein.<ref name="YuanKe2013">{{cite journal|last1=Yuan|first1=Le-Yong|last2=Ke|first2=Zun-Qiong|last3=Wang|first3=Ming|last4=Li|first4=Yan|title=Procalcitonin and C-Reactive Protein in the Diagnosis and Prediction of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Associated With Chronic Severe Hepatitis B|journal=Annals of Laboratory Medicine|volume=33|issue=6|year=2013|pages=449|issn=2234-3806|doi=10.3343/alm.2013.33.6.449}}</ref> | ||
* Assessment of bacterial DNA in ascitic fluid by nucleic acid amplification.<ref name="HardickWon2012">{{cite journal|last1=Hardick|first1=J.|last2=Won|first2=H.|last3=Jeng|first3=K.|last4=Hsieh|first4=Y.-H.|last5=Gaydos|first5=C. A.|last6=Rothman|first6=R. E.|last7=Yang|first7=S.|title=Identification of Bacterial Pathogens in Ascitic Fluids from Patients with Suspected Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis by Use of Broad-Range PCR (16S PCR) Coupled with High-Resolution Melt Analysis|journal=Journal of Clinical Microbiology|volume=50|issue=7|year=2012|pages=2428–2432|issn=0095-1137|doi=10.1128/JCM.00345-12}}</ref> | * Assessment of bacterial DNA in ascitic fluid by nucleic acid amplification.<ref name="HardickWon2012">{{cite journal|last1=Hardick|first1=J.|last2=Won|first2=H.|last3=Jeng|first3=K.|last4=Hsieh|first4=Y.-H.|last5=Gaydos|first5=C. A.|last6=Rothman|first6=R. E.|last7=Yang|first7=S.|title=Identification of Bacterial Pathogens in Ascitic Fluids from Patients with Suspected Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis by Use of Broad-Range PCR (16S PCR) Coupled with High-Resolution Melt Analysis|journal=Journal of Clinical Microbiology|volume=50|issue=7|year=2012|pages=2428–2432|issn=0095-1137|doi=10.1128/JCM.00345-12}}</ref> | ||
* Recently '''leukocyte esterase calibrated reagent strips (LERS)''' to assess the PMN cell count (cut-off of > 250 PMN/mcL) are promised to provide good screening results when the strip turns any hue of tan/brown at 3 min.<ref name="pmid26486286">{{cite journal| author=Honar N, Geramizadeh B, Dehghani SM, Kalvandi G, Shahramian I, Rahmani A et al.| title=EVALUATION OF LEUKOCYTE ESTERASE REAGENT STRIPS TEST IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF SPONTANEOUS BACTERIAL PERITONITIS IN CHILDREN WITH CIRRHOSIS. | journal=Arq Gastroenterol | year= 2015 | volume= 52 | issue= 3 | pages= 195-9 | pmid=26486286 | doi=10.1590/S0004-28032015000300008 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26486286 }} </ref> | |||
* High degree of sensitivity, but the sensitivity is too low for routine use.<ref name="pmid20646775">{{cite journal| author=Mendler MH, Agarwal A, Trimzi M, Madrigal E, Tsushima M, Joo E et al.| title=A new highly sensitive point of care ''screen'' for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis using the leukocyte esterase method. | journal=J Hepatol | year= 2010 | volume= 53 | issue= 3 | pages= 477-83 | pmid=20646775 | doi=10.1016/j.jhep.2010.04.011 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20646775 }} </ref> | |||
* Given the rapidity (90 s), low cost, and availability ‘dipstick’ testing of ascites allows for more rapid diagnosis and management of SBP.<ref name="pmid12907342">{{cite journal| author=Angeloni S, Nicolini G, Merli M, Nicolao F, Pinto G, Aronne T et al.| title=Validation of automated blood cell counter for the determination of polymorphonuclear cell count in the ascitic fluid of cirrhotic patients with or without spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. | journal=Am J Gastroenterol | year= 2003 | volume= 98 | issue= 8 | pages= 1844-8 | pmid=12907342 | doi=10.1111/j.1572-0241.2003.07620.x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12907342 }} </ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
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Overview
Some emerging tests may provide a significant contribution to the diagnosis and therapeutic management of SBP although current laboratory diagnosis of SBP entail a limited number of conventional investigations, like ascitic fluid PMN count and culture.
Other Diagnostic Studies
Other emerging diagnostic tests used for the diagnosis of SBP include:
- The serum procalcitonin level has a 95% sensitivity, and 98% specificity with a 0.75 ng/mL cutoff.[1][2][3]
- A value < 0.5 ng/ml rules out SBP.Highly sensitive.
- Assessment of Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin ( NGAL) in peritoneal fluid.[4][5]
- Amylase.
- C reactive protein.[2]
- Assessment of bacterial DNA in ascitic fluid by nucleic acid amplification.[6]
- Recently leukocyte esterase calibrated reagent strips (LERS) to assess the PMN cell count (cut-off of > 250 PMN/mcL) are promised to provide good screening results when the strip turns any hue of tan/brown at 3 min.[7]
- High degree of sensitivity, but the sensitivity is too low for routine use.[8]
- Given the rapidity (90 s), low cost, and availability ‘dipstick’ testing of ascites allows for more rapid diagnosis and management of SBP.[9]
References
- ↑ Viallon A, Zeni F, Pouzet V, Lambert C, Quenet S, Aubert G; et al. (2000). "Serum and ascitic procalcitonin levels in cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: diagnostic value and relationship to pro-inflammatory cytokines". Intensive Care Med. 26 (8): 1082–8. PMID 11030164.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Yuan, Le-Yong; Ke, Zun-Qiong; Wang, Ming; Li, Yan (2013). "Procalcitonin and C-Reactive Protein in the Diagnosis and Prediction of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Associated With Chronic Severe Hepatitis B". Annals of Laboratory Medicine. 33 (6): 449. doi:10.3343/alm.2013.33.6.449. ISSN 2234-3806.
- ↑ Su DH, Zhuo C, Liao K, Cheng WB, Cheng H, Zhao XF (2013). "Value of serum procalcitonin levels in predicting spontaneous bacterial peritonitis". Hepatogastroenterology. 60 (124): 641–6. doi:10.5754/hge12645. PMID 23159389.
- ↑ Lippi, Giuseppe; Caleffi, Alberta; Pipitone, Silvia; Elia, Gianfranco; Ngah, Anna; Aloe, Rosalia; Avanzini, Paola; Ferrari, Carlo (2013). "Assessment of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and lactate dehydrogenase in peritoneal fluids for the screening of bacterial peritonitis". Clinica Chimica Acta. 418: 59–62. doi:10.1016/j.cca.2012.12.020. ISSN 0009-8981.
- ↑ Martino FK, Filippi I, Giavarina D, Kaushik M, Rodighiero MP, Crepaldi C; et al. (2012). "Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in the early diagnosis of peritonitis: the case of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin". Contrib Nephrol. 178: 258–63. doi:10.1159/000337888. PMID 22652747.
- ↑ Hardick, J.; Won, H.; Jeng, K.; Hsieh, Y.-H.; Gaydos, C. A.; Rothman, R. E.; Yang, S. (2012). "Identification of Bacterial Pathogens in Ascitic Fluids from Patients with Suspected Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis by Use of Broad-Range PCR (16S PCR) Coupled with High-Resolution Melt Analysis". Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 50 (7): 2428–2432. doi:10.1128/JCM.00345-12. ISSN 0095-1137.
- ↑ Honar N, Geramizadeh B, Dehghani SM, Kalvandi G, Shahramian I, Rahmani A; et al. (2015). "EVALUATION OF LEUKOCYTE ESTERASE REAGENT STRIPS TEST IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF SPONTANEOUS BACTERIAL PERITONITIS IN CHILDREN WITH CIRRHOSIS". Arq Gastroenterol. 52 (3): 195–9. doi:10.1590/S0004-28032015000300008. PMID 26486286.
- ↑ Mendler MH, Agarwal A, Trimzi M, Madrigal E, Tsushima M, Joo E; et al. (2010). "A new highly sensitive point of care screen for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis using the leukocyte esterase method". J Hepatol. 53 (3): 477–83. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2010.04.011. PMID 20646775.
- ↑ Angeloni S, Nicolini G, Merli M, Nicolao F, Pinto G, Aronne T; et al. (2003). "Validation of automated blood cell counter for the determination of polymorphonuclear cell count in the ascitic fluid of cirrhotic patients with or without spontaneous bacterial peritonitis". Am J Gastroenterol. 98 (8): 1844–8. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2003.07620.x. PMID 12907342.