Congenital syphilis physical examination: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{KD}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}} {{KD}} | ||
{{Congenital syphilis}} | {{Congenital syphilis}} | ||
__NOTOC__ | |||
{{CMG}} | |||
{{Congenital syphilis}} | |||
==Overview== | |||
Congenital syphilis examination findings include characteristic skin rash, hepatosplenomegaly and interstitial keratitis. | |||
==Physical Examination== | ==Physical Examination== | ||
===Skin=== | ===Skin=== | ||
*Early [[rash]] - small [[blister]]s on the palms and soles | *Early [[rash]] - small [[blister]]s on the palms and soles | ||
*Later rash - copper-colored, flat or bumpy rash on the face, palms, and soles | *Later rash - copper-colored, flat or bumpy rash on the face, palms, and soles | ||
===Head=== | ===Head=== | ||
| Line 11: | Line 16: | ||
===Eyes=== | ===Eyes=== | ||
*Corneal clouding | *Corneal clouding<ref name="EwingRoberts1985">{{cite journal|last1=Ewing|first1=C I|last2=Roberts|first2=C|last3=Davidson|first3=D C|last4=Arya|first4=O P|title=Early congenital syphilis still occurs.|journal=Archives of Disease in Childhood|volume=60|issue=12|year=1985|pages=1128–1133|issn=0003-9888|doi=10.1136/adc.60.12.1128}}</ref> | ||
*[[Vesiculobullous]] or maculopapular rash occurring on the palms and soles is present in 70% of the children with congenital syphilis. Other patterns of rash such as [[condylomata lata]] lesions, annular lesions, and [[erythema multiforme ]]-like targetoid lesions are present in affected infants.<ref name="FerreiraCorreia2016">{{cite journal|last1=Ferreira|first1=Sara Tavares|last2=Correia|first2=Cátia|last3=Marçal|first3=Monica|last4=Tuna|first4=Madalena Lopo|title=Skin rash: a manifestation of early congenital syphilis|journal=BMJ Case Reports|year=2016|pages=bcr2016216148|issn=1757-790X|doi=10.1136/bcr-2016-216148}}</ref> | |||
*Interstitial [[keratitis]] (IK), an inflamation of the [[cornea]] which can lead to corneal scarring and potentially [[blindness]] | *Interstitial [[keratitis]] (IK), an inflamation of the [[cornea]] which can lead to corneal scarring and potentially [[blindness]] | ||
*[[Anemia]] | *[[Anemia]] | ||
Revision as of 19:00, 15 February 2017
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kalsang Dolma, M.B.B.S.[2]
|
Congenital syphilis Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Congenital syphilis physical examination On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Congenital syphilis physical examination |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Congenital syphilis physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [3]
|
Congenital syphilis Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Congenital syphilis physical examination On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Congenital syphilis physical examination |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Congenital syphilis physical examination |
Overview
Congenital syphilis examination findings include characteristic skin rash, hepatosplenomegaly and interstitial keratitis.
Physical Examination
Skin
- Early rash - small blisters on the palms and soles
- Later rash - copper-colored, flat or bumpy rash on the face, palms, and soles
Head
- Frontal bossing
- Poorly developed maxillae
Eyes
- Corneal clouding[1]
- Vesiculobullous or maculopapular rash occurring on the palms and soles is present in 70% of the children with congenital syphilis. Other patterns of rash such as condylomata lata lesions, annular lesions, and erythema multiforme -like targetoid lesions are present in affected infants.[2]
- Interstitial keratitis (IK), an inflamation of the cornea which can lead to corneal scarring and potentially blindness
- Anemia
- Jaundice
Ears
Nose
- Snuffles, the name given to rhinitis in this situation. When chronic, this can lead to saddle nose deformity.
- Rhagades, linear scars at the angles of the mouth and nose result from bacterial infection of skin lesions
Throat
Shown below is an image of Hutchinson's teeth
- Hutchinson's Triad, a set of symptoms consisting of deafness, Hutchinson's teeth (centrally notched, widely-spaced peg-shaped upper central incisors), and interstitial keratitis (IK), an inflamation of the cornea which can lead to corneal scarring and potentially blindness
- Mulberry molars (sixth year molars with multiple poorly developed cusps)
Abdomen
Extremities
- Sabre shins: Saber shin is a sharp-edged anteriorly convex tibia.
- Lymph node enlargement
- Pseudoparalysis
References
- ↑ Ewing, C I; Roberts, C; Davidson, D C; Arya, O P (1985). "Early congenital syphilis still occurs". Archives of Disease in Childhood. 60 (12): 1128–1133. doi:10.1136/adc.60.12.1128. ISSN 0003-9888.
- ↑ Ferreira, Sara Tavares; Correia, Cátia; Marçal, Monica; Tuna, Madalena Lopo (2016). "Skin rash: a manifestation of early congenital syphilis". BMJ Case Reports: bcr2016216148. doi:10.1136/bcr-2016-216148. ISSN 1757-790X.