Enterobiasis physical examination: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 6: | Line 6: | ||
Patients with enterobiasis usually appear restless. Physical examination of patients with enterobiasis is remarkable for skin excoriations as a result of scratching (secondary to perianal itch), perianal skin infections, and visualization of adult worms in the perianal area; usually at night. | Patients with enterobiasis usually appear restless. Physical examination of patients with enterobiasis is remarkable for skin excoriations as a result of scratching (secondary to perianal itch), perianal skin infections, and visualization of adult worms in the perianal area; usually at night. | ||
==Physical Examination== | ==Physical Examination== | ||
===Appearance of the patient=== | |||
The patient with [[rotavirus]] [[infection]] may be in a normal appearance. In cases of [[dehydration]], there will be change in the patient appearance depending on the severity of the [[dehydration]] as the following:<ref name="pmid24379214">{{cite journal| author=Parashar UD, Nelson EA, Kang G| title=Diagnosis, management, and prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children. | journal=BMJ | year= 2013 | volume= 347 | issue= | pages= f7204 | pmid=24379214 | doi=10.1136/bmj.f7204 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24379214 }} </ref><ref name= "The treatment of the diarrheoa"> WHO http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/43209/1/9241593180.pdf Accessed on May 8, 2017 </ref> | |||
*In early stages of the [[rotavirus]] [[infection]] the patients are asymptomatic. | |||
*In advanced cases, the patient may show irritable behavior. | |||
*In severe cases, the patient appears [[Pale skin|pale]] and [[lethargic]]. | |||
===Vital signs=== | |||
*[[Hypotension|Low blood pressure]] | |||
*[[Fever]] due to the [[infection]] and the [[dehydration]] | |||
===Skin=== | |||
*[[Xerosis (patient information)|Dry skin]] in case of dehydration. | |||
*[[Pallor]] | |||
===HEENT=== | |||
*In infants depressed anterior [[fontanelle]] may be felt in case of [[dehydration]] | |||
*Sunken eyes | |||
===Heart=== | |||
*Normal heart sounds | |||
*No murmurs, gallops or rubs | |||
===Abdomen=== | |||
*[[Abdominal tenderness]] | |||
*[[Cramps]] | |||
===Genitourinary=== | |||
*[[Oliguria|Decreased urinary output]] | |||
===Neuromuscular=== | |||
Rotavirus can cause several neurological signs in the severe cases including:<ref name="pmid19258926">{{cite journal| author=Dickey M, Jamison L, Michaud L, Care M, Bernstein DI, Staat MA| title=Rotavirus meningoencephalitis in a previously healthy child and a review of the literature. | journal=Pediatr Infect Dis J | year= 2009 | volume= 28 | issue= 4 | pages= 318-21 | pmid=19258926 | doi=10.1097/INF.0b013e31818ddbe9 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19258926 }} </ref> | |||
*[[Convulsions]] | |||
*[[Encephalopathy]] | |||
*[[Encephalitis]] | |||
Patients with enterobiasis usually appear restless. Physical examination of patients with enterobiasis is remarkable for skin excoriations as a result of scratching (secondary to perianal itch), perianal skin infections, and visualization of adult worms in the perianal area; usually at night.<ref name="pmid7959218">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cook GC |title=Enterobius vermicularis infection |journal=Gut |volume=35 |issue=9 |pages=1159–62 |year=1994 |pmid=7959218 |pmc=1375686 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid21286054">{{cite journal |vauthors=Caldwell JP |title=Pinworms (enterobius vermicularis) |journal=Can Fam Physician |volume=28 |issue= |pages=306–9 |year=1982 |pmid=21286054 |pmc=2306321 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | Patients with enterobiasis usually appear restless. Physical examination of patients with enterobiasis is remarkable for skin excoriations as a result of scratching (secondary to perianal itch), perianal skin infections, and visualization of adult worms in the perianal area; usually at night.<ref name="pmid7959218">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cook GC |title=Enterobius vermicularis infection |journal=Gut |volume=35 |issue=9 |pages=1159–62 |year=1994 |pmid=7959218 |pmc=1375686 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid21286054">{{cite journal |vauthors=Caldwell JP |title=Pinworms (enterobius vermicularis) |journal=Can Fam Physician |volume=28 |issue= |pages=306–9 |year=1982 |pmid=21286054 |pmc=2306321 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 15:18, 20 June 2017
|
Enterobiasis Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Enterobiasis physical examination On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Enterobiasis physical examination |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Enterobiasis physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Furqan M M. M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Patients with enterobiasis usually appear restless. Physical examination of patients with enterobiasis is remarkable for skin excoriations as a result of scratching (secondary to perianal itch), perianal skin infections, and visualization of adult worms in the perianal area; usually at night.
Physical Examination
Appearance of the patient
The patient with rotavirus infection may be in a normal appearance. In cases of dehydration, there will be change in the patient appearance depending on the severity of the dehydration as the following:[1][2]
- In early stages of the rotavirus infection the patients are asymptomatic.
- In advanced cases, the patient may show irritable behavior.
- In severe cases, the patient appears pale and lethargic.
Vital signs
- Low blood pressure
- Fever due to the infection and the dehydration
Skin
HEENT
- In infants depressed anterior fontanelle may be felt in case of dehydration
- Sunken eyes
Heart
- Normal heart sounds
- No murmurs, gallops or rubs
Abdomen
Genitourinary
Neuromuscular
Rotavirus can cause several neurological signs in the severe cases including:[3]
Patients with enterobiasis usually appear restless. Physical examination of patients with enterobiasis is remarkable for skin excoriations as a result of scratching (secondary to perianal itch), perianal skin infections, and visualization of adult worms in the perianal area; usually at night.[4][5]
References
- ↑ Parashar UD, Nelson EA, Kang G (2013). "Diagnosis, management, and prevention of rotavirus gastroenteritis in children". BMJ. 347: f7204. doi:10.1136/bmj.f7204. PMID 24379214.
- ↑ WHO http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/43209/1/9241593180.pdf Accessed on May 8, 2017
- ↑ Dickey M, Jamison L, Michaud L, Care M, Bernstein DI, Staat MA (2009). "Rotavirus meningoencephalitis in a previously healthy child and a review of the literature". Pediatr Infect Dis J. 28 (4): 318–21. doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e31818ddbe9. PMID 19258926.
- ↑ Cook GC (1994). "Enterobius vermicularis infection". Gut. 35 (9): 1159–62. PMC 1375686. PMID 7959218.
- ↑ Caldwell JP (1982). "Pinworms (enterobius vermicularis)". Can Fam Physician. 28: 306–9. PMC 2306321. PMID 21286054.