Systemic lupus erythematosus risk factors: Difference between revisions
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* Female: SLE affects nine times as many women as men. | * Female: SLE affects nine times as many women as men. | ||
* Age: From 10 to 50 yrs | * Age: From 10 to 50 yrs | ||
* Race: African Americans and Asians are affected more often than people from other races. | * Race: African Americans and Asians are affected more often than people from other races. non-Causcasian race | ||
* Drugs, such as [[chlorpromazine]], [[hydralazine]], [[isoniazid]], [[methyldopa]], [[penicillamine]], [[procainamide]], [[quinidine]] and [[sulfasalazine]]. | * Drugs, such as [[chlorpromazine]], [[hydralazine]], [[isoniazid]], [[methyldopa]], [[penicillamine]], [[procainamide]], [[quinidine]] and [[sulfasalazine]]. | ||
* People with relatives who suffer from [[SLE]], [[rheumatoid arthritis]] or [[thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura]] are at a slightly higher risk than the general population.<ref name="DiGeronimo">DiGeronimo, Theresa. New Hope for People with Lupus. Prima Publishing. 2002.</ref> | * People with relatives who suffer from [[SLE]], [[rheumatoid arthritis]] or [[thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura]] are at a slightly higher risk than the general population.<ref name="DiGeronimo">DiGeronimo, Theresa. New Hope for People with Lupus. Prima Publishing. 2002.</ref> | ||
Revision as of 18:45, 27 June 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Risk Factors
The underlying cause of this autoimmune disease is not clear. Clinical data shows that the onset of systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with the following factors:
- Female: SLE affects nine times as many women as men.
- Age: From 10 to 50 yrs
- Race: African Americans and Asians are affected more often than people from other races. non-Causcasian race
- Drugs, such as chlorpromazine, hydralazine, isoniazid, methyldopa, penicillamine, procainamide, quinidine and sulfasalazine.
- People with relatives who suffer from SLE, rheumatoid arthritis or thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura are at a slightly higher risk than the general population.[1]
- Infections can stimulates some antigen specific cells and lead to SLE disease:
- Epstein-Barr virus (EBV): may induce anti-DNA antibodies or even lupus-like symptoms. It is associated with higher risk of SLE and also triggering the active course of disease in children
- Trypanosomiasis or mycobacterial infections may have the same effect as EBV
- SLE active disease flares may follow bacterial infections as well
- Ultraviolet (UV) light: Can stimulates B-cells to produce more antibodies. It can also interfere with antigen processing by activation of macrophages and hence increase the degree of autoimmunity
- Cigarette smoking 11708417
- crystalline silica exposure in work environment (e.g. cleaning powders, soil, pottery materials, cement etc.) 12124868
- Drug allergy 12464374
- caring a pet (especially pet dog)
- moderate alcohol drinking had a protective effect on the development of SLE. Taken together, our results show that moderate alcohol drinking might be protective for SLE. 18795396
References
- ↑ DiGeronimo, Theresa. New Hope for People with Lupus. Prima Publishing. 2002.