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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
In the mid-1940s, bovine GH has been purified for the first time then, growth hormone was isolated from the human pituitary gland in 1956. 7700 children in the United States and 27,000 children worldwide were given GH extracted from human pituitary glands. In 1981, Genentech developed the first recombinant human GH. | |||
==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
* In the mid-1940s, bovine GH has been purified by Li and Evans at the University of California, Berkeley, and Fishman at Yale.<ref name="pmid9255217">{{cite journal| author=Frasier SD| title=The not-so-good old days: working with pituitary growth hormone in North America, 1956 to 1985. | journal=J Pediatr | year= 1997 | volume= 131 | issue= 1 Pt 2 | pages= S1-4 | pmid=9255217 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9255217 }}</ref> | |||
* In 1956, growth hormone was isolated from the human pituitary gland by both Li and Papkoff, in California. | |||
* Between 1963 and 1985, 7700 children in the United States and 27,000 children worldwide were given GH extracted from human pituitary glands to treat severe Growth hormone deficiency.<ref name="pmid19717006">{{cite journal| author=Franklin SL, Geffner ME| title=Growth hormone: the expansion of available products and indications. | journal=Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am | year= 2009 | volume= 38 | issue= 3 | pages= 587-611 | pmid=19717006 | doi=10.1016/j.ecl.2009.06.006 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19717006 }}</ref> | |||
* In 1985, US Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) received reports of four young adults in the United States with Creuzfeldt Jacob Disease (CJD), who had been treated with GH and treatment with GH extracts has been stopped completely.<ref name="pmid3891943">{{cite journal| author=| title=Degenerative neurologic disease in patients formerly treated with human growth hormone. Report of the Committee on Growth Hormone Use of the Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society, May 1985. | journal=J Pediatr | year= 1985 | volume= 107 | issue= 1 | pages= 10-2 | pmid=3891943 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3891943 }}</ref> | |||
* in 1981, Genentech (San Francisco, California) developed the first recombinant human GH (rhGH) by DNA cloning and was introduced in the United States in 1985 for the therapy of severe childhood GHD. <ref name="pmid3296632">{{cite journal| author=Flodh H| title=Human growth hormone produced with recombinant DNA technology: development and production. | journal=Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl | year= 1986 | volume= 325 | issue= | pages= 1-9 | pmid=3296632 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3296632 }}</ref> | |||
* List of indications for GH use in non–GH-deficient children and adults have increased with time.<ref name="pmid20849734">{{cite journal| author=Takeda A, Cooper K, Bird A, Baxter L, Frampton GK, Gospodarevskaya E et al.| title=Recombinant human growth hormone for the treatment of growth disorders in children: a systematic review and economic evaluation. | journal=Health Technol Assess | year= 2010 | volume= 14 | issue= 42 | pages= 1-209, iii-iv | pmid=20849734 | doi=10.3310/hta14420 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20849734 }}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
In the mid-1940s, bovine GH has been purified for the first time then, growth hormone was isolated from the human pituitary gland in 1956. 7700 children in the United States and 27,000 children worldwide were given GH extracted from human pituitary glands. In 1981, Genentech developed the first recombinant human GH.
Historical Perspective
- In the mid-1940s, bovine GH has been purified by Li and Evans at the University of California, Berkeley, and Fishman at Yale.[1]
- In 1956, growth hormone was isolated from the human pituitary gland by both Li and Papkoff, in California.
- Between 1963 and 1985, 7700 children in the United States and 27,000 children worldwide were given GH extracted from human pituitary glands to treat severe Growth hormone deficiency.[2]
- In 1985, US Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) received reports of four young adults in the United States with Creuzfeldt Jacob Disease (CJD), who had been treated with GH and treatment with GH extracts has been stopped completely.[3]
- in 1981, Genentech (San Francisco, California) developed the first recombinant human GH (rhGH) by DNA cloning and was introduced in the United States in 1985 for the therapy of severe childhood GHD. [4]
- List of indications for GH use in non–GH-deficient children and adults have increased with time.[5]
References
- ↑ Frasier SD (1997). "The not-so-good old days: working with pituitary growth hormone in North America, 1956 to 1985". J Pediatr. 131 (1 Pt 2): S1–4. PMID 9255217.
- ↑ Franklin SL, Geffner ME (2009). "Growth hormone: the expansion of available products and indications". Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 38 (3): 587–611. doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2009.06.006. PMID 19717006.
- ↑ "Degenerative neurologic disease in patients formerly treated with human growth hormone. Report of the Committee on Growth Hormone Use of the Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society, May 1985". J Pediatr. 107 (1): 10–2. 1985. PMID 3891943.
- ↑ Flodh H (1986). "Human growth hormone produced with recombinant DNA technology: development and production". Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl. 325: 1–9. PMID 3296632.
- ↑ Takeda A, Cooper K, Bird A, Baxter L, Frampton GK, Gospodarevskaya E; et al. (2010). "Recombinant human growth hormone for the treatment of growth disorders in children: a systematic review and economic evaluation". Health Technol Assess. 14 (42): 1–209, iii–iv. doi:10.3310/hta14420. PMID 20849734.