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| ==Overview== | | ==Overview== |
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| ==Physical examination== | | ==Differentiating vitamin D deficiency from other Diseases== |
| Patients with vitamin D deficiency usually appear normal. Physical examination of patients with severe prolonged vitamin D deficiency is usually remarkable for bowing of the legs in children and periosteal bone tenderness. <ref name="pmid16529140">{{cite journal |vauthors=Holick MF |title=High prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy and implications for health |journal=Mayo Clin. Proc. |volume=81 |issue=3 |pages=353–73 |year=2006 |pmid=16529140 |doi=10.4065/81.3.353 |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0025-6196(11)61465-1}}</ref><ref name="pmid18400738">{{cite journal |vauthors=Holick MF, Chen TC |title=Vitamin D deficiency: a worldwide problem with health consequences |journal=Am. J. Clin. Nutr. |volume=87 |issue=4 |pages=1080S–6S |year=2008 |pmid=18400738 |doi= |url=http://www.ajcn.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=18400738}}</ref>
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| ===General Appearance===
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| * Patients are usually well-appearing.
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| * Patients may be obese or underweight.
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| * Patients may show fatigue.
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| ===Back===
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| * Lower back tenderness
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| ===Extremities===
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| * Periosteal bone tenderness
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| * Bowing of the legs <ref name="Holick2006">{{cite journal|last1=Holick|first1=M. F.|title=Resurrection of vitamin D deficiency and rickets|journal=Journal of Clinical Investigation|volume=116|issue=8|year=2006|pages=2062–2072|issn=0021-9738|doi=10.1172/JCI29449}}</ref>
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| * Positive [[Chvostek's sign]]
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| * Skeletal deformity
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| ===Neuromuscular===
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| * Proximal muscle weakness
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| * Waddling gait <ref name="Holick2006">{{cite journal|last1=Holick|first1=M. F.|title=Resurrection of vitamin D deficiency and rickets|journal=Journal of Clinical Investigation|volume=116|issue=8|year=2006|pages=2062–2072|issn=0021-9738|doi=10.1172/JCI29449}}</ref>
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
| {{reflist|2}} | | {{reflist|2}} |