Goiter physical examination: Difference between revisions
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===Extremities=== | ===Extremities=== | ||
*Normal findings observed | *Normal findings observed | ||
====Pemberton's sign==== | |||
*While clinically evaluating an enlarged thyroid gland, pemberton's sign is observed. <ref name="pmid24646105">{{cite journal| author=De Filippis EA, Sabet A, Sun MR, Garber JR| title=Pemberton's sign: explained nearly 70 years later. | journal=J Clin Endocrinol Metab | year= 2014 | volume= 99 | issue= 6 | pages= 1949-54 | pmid=24646105 | doi=10.1210/jc.2013-4240 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24646105 }} </ref> <ref name="pmid24646105">{{cite journal| author=De Filippis EA, Sabet A, Sun MR, Garber JR| title=Pemberton's sign: explained nearly 70 years later. | journal=J Clin Endocrinol Metab | year= 2014 | volume= 99 | issue= 6 | pages= 1949-54 | pmid=24646105 | doi=10.1210/jc.2013-4240 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24646105 }} </ref> <ref name="pmid15044645">{{cite journal| author=Basaria S, Salvatori R| title=Images in clinical medicine. Pemberton's sign. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2004 | volume= 350 | issue= 13 | pages= 1338 | pmid=15044645 | doi=10.1056/NEJMicm990287 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15044645 }} </ref> | |||
*Pemberton's sign is observed when both arms are elevated until the arms align with the side of the head. Usually in a minute of doing so, this elicits: | |||
**Congestion of face | |||
**Cyanosis | |||
**Distress | |||
*Vascular engorgement and facial congestion imply the impaired venous outflow from the head and neck | |||
*Tracheal compromise may also be observed | |||
*Venous thrombosis has also been seen in few cases | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 19:52, 18 September 2017
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Goiter Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Goiter physical examination On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Goiter physical examination |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Goiter physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Physical examination of patients with Goiter is usually remarkable for swelling at the base of the neck.
Physical Examination
- Physical examination of patients with Goiter is usually remarkable for swelling at the base of the neck
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with Goiter usually appear with a cosmetic distortion of the neck along with a lump at the base of the neck and are asymptomatic in general.
Vital Signs
Skin
- Moist skin
HEENT
- Exophthalmosis
Neck
- Jugular vein compression or thrombosis (Rare) [1]
- Superior vena cava syndrome (Rare) [1]
Lungs
- Normal vesicular breath sounds
- Wheeze may be present as a result of compression of the gland over the trachea
- Tracheal deviation or compression may be seen in some cases
- Stridor may be seen in some cases
Heart
- Normal S1 and S2.
Abdomen
- Normal abdominal findings.
Back
- Normal findings observed
Genitourinary
- Normal findings observed
Neuromuscular
Extremities
- Normal findings observed
Pemberton's sign
- While clinically evaluating an enlarged thyroid gland, pemberton's sign is observed. [2] [2] [3]
- Pemberton's sign is observed when both arms are elevated until the arms align with the side of the head. Usually in a minute of doing so, this elicits:
- Congestion of face
- Cyanosis
- Distress
- Vascular engorgement and facial congestion imply the impaired venous outflow from the head and neck
- Tracheal compromise may also be observed
- Venous thrombosis has also been seen in few cases
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Siderys H, Rowe GA (1970). "Superior vena caval syndrome caused by intrathoracic goiter". Am Surg. 36 (7): 446–50. PMID 4913941.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 De Filippis EA, Sabet A, Sun MR, Garber JR (2014). "Pemberton's sign: explained nearly 70 years later". J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 99 (6): 1949–54. doi:10.1210/jc.2013-4240. PMID 24646105.
- ↑ Basaria S, Salvatori R (2004). "Images in clinical medicine. Pemberton's sign". N Engl J Med. 350 (13): 1338. doi:10.1056/NEJMicm990287. PMID 15044645.