Chorioamnionitis pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Chorioamnionitis}} | {{Chorioamnionitis}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}} | ||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
Chorioamnionitis is an inflammatory condition of fetal membranes which is usually caused by infectious etiology. The pathogenesis can be further divided into 4 categories based on the anatomical route of the introduction of the microorganism:<ref name="pmid25678002">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ericson JE, Laughon MM |title=Chorioamnionitis: implications for the neonate |journal=Clin Perinatol |volume=42 |issue=1 |pages=155–65, ix |date=March 2015 |pmid=25678002 |pmc=4331454 |doi=10.1016/j.clp.2014.10.011 |url=}}</ref> | |||
*Ascending infection might originate from the maternal [[Female reproductive system (human)|genital tract]] (the most common route). | |||
* | **[[Vaginal]] and enteric flora are usually transmitted via the ascending route to the fetal membranes. | ||
*[[Iatrogenic]] infection might be caused by invasive procedures (e.g., [[amniocentesis]]). | |||
*Maternal infections such as [[listeria monocytogenes]], might infect fetal membranes through the placenta by the hematogenous route. | |||
*In mothers with hepatic or renal diseases, the infection of fetal membranes might be originated by peritoneal infections via the route of fallopian tubes. | |||
== | ==Gross Pathology== | ||
On gross pathology, an opaque appearance of fetal membranes is a characteristic finding of chorioamnionitis. | |||
[[File:Opaque fetal membranes.png|thumb|opaque appearence of fetal membranes]] | |||
<ref name="pmid33253176">{{cite journal |vauthors=Horikoshi Y, Yaguchi C, Furuta-Isomura N, Itoh T, Kawai K, Oda T, Matsumoto M, Kohmura-Kobayashi Y, Tamura N, Uchida T, Kanayama N, Itoh H |title=Gross appearance of the fetal membrane on the placental surface is associated with histological chorioamnionitis and neonatal respiratory disorders |journal=PLoS One |volume=15 |issue=11 |pages=e0242579 |date=2020 |pmid=33253176 |pmc=7704006 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0242579 |url=}}</ref> | |||
* | *Besides, the presence of opaque fetal membranes might indicate an increased risk of complications of chorioamnionitis in newborns. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Pathophysiology
Chorioamnionitis is an inflammatory condition of fetal membranes which is usually caused by infectious etiology. The pathogenesis can be further divided into 4 categories based on the anatomical route of the introduction of the microorganism:[1]
- Ascending infection might originate from the maternal genital tract (the most common route).
- Vaginal and enteric flora are usually transmitted via the ascending route to the fetal membranes.
- Iatrogenic infection might be caused by invasive procedures (e.g., amniocentesis).
- Maternal infections such as listeria monocytogenes, might infect fetal membranes through the placenta by the hematogenous route.
- In mothers with hepatic or renal diseases, the infection of fetal membranes might be originated by peritoneal infections via the route of fallopian tubes.
Gross Pathology
On gross pathology, an opaque appearance of fetal membranes is a characteristic finding of chorioamnionitis.
- Besides, the presence of opaque fetal membranes might indicate an increased risk of complications of chorioamnionitis in newborns.
References
- ↑ Ericson JE, Laughon MM (March 2015). "Chorioamnionitis: implications for the neonate". Clin Perinatol. 42 (1): 155–65, ix. doi:10.1016/j.clp.2014.10.011. PMC 4331454. PMID 25678002.
- ↑ Horikoshi Y, Yaguchi C, Furuta-Isomura N, Itoh T, Kawai K, Oda T, Matsumoto M, Kohmura-Kobayashi Y, Tamura N, Uchida T, Kanayama N, Itoh H (2020). "Gross appearance of the fetal membrane on the placental surface is associated with histological chorioamnionitis and neonatal respiratory disorders". PLoS One. 15 (11): e0242579. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0242579. PMC 7704006 Check
|pmc=value (help). PMID 33253176 Check|pmid=value (help).