Primary biliary cirrhosis risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aysha Anwar, M.B.B.S[2]

Overview

Common risk factors in the development of primary biliary cirrhosis may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and microbial.

Risk Factors

• The most potent risk factor in the development of primary biliary cirrhosis is positive family history. Other risk factors include age (30-60 years), female sex, infections and environmental toxins.

• Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] include [risk factor 1], [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].

Common Risk Factors

• Common risk factors in the development of Primary biliary cirrhosis may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and microbial.
• Common risk factors in the development of primary biliary cirrhosis include:
  • Age: 30-60 years of age at highest risk
  • Sex: Female sex is at higher risk
  • Geographic distribution: Increased risk in North America and northern Europe.
  • Genetic predisposition: HLA-DRB1*0801 haplotype

Less Common Risk Factors

• Less common risk factors in the development of primary biliary cirrhosis include:
  • Infections
  • Cigarette smoking
  • Environmental toxins