Toxic megacolon ultrasound

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

There are no echocardiography/ultrasound findings associated with [disease name].

OR

Echocardiography/ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of [disease name]. Findings on an echocardiography/ultrasound suggestive of/diagnostic of [disease name] include [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].

OR

There are no echocardiography/ultrasound findings associated with [disease name]. However, an echocardiography/ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of complications of [disease name], which include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].

Echocardiography/Ultrasound

• Ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of toxic megacolon. Findings on an ultrasound suggestive of toxic megacolon include:
  • Complete loss of haustra coli of the colon
  • Hypoechoic and thickened bowel walls with irregular internal margins in the sigmoid and descending colon
  • Marked dilation of the transverse colon (>6 cm), a finding that correlated well with the plain radiograph of the abdomen
  • Hypoechoic and thin (< 2 mm) bowel walls without haustra coli in the dilated colon; in patients who underwent surgery, the postoperative pathohistologic findings of the bowel walls correlated with the ultrasonographic features observed before surgery
  • Slight dilation of ileal bowel loops (diameter >18 mm) with increased intraluminal gas and fluid