Acute liver failure historical perspective: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Trey and Davidson coined the term fulminant hepatic failure in 1970 to describe this reversible condition of severe liver injury. They described a condition of onset of [[encephalopathy]] within 8 weeks of appearance of first symptoms, and an absence of pre-existing [[liver disease]] | Trey and Davidson coined the term fulminant hepatic failure in 1970 to describe this reversible condition of severe liver injury. They described a condition of onset of [[encephalopathy]] within 8 weeks of appearance of first symptoms, and an absence of pre-existing [[liver disease]]. | ||
==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
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Overview
Trey and Davidson coined the term fulminant hepatic failure in 1970 to describe this reversible condition of severe liver injury. They described a condition of onset of encephalopathy within 8 weeks of appearance of first symptoms, and an absence of pre-existing liver disease.
Historical Perspective
- The hepatic and mental disturbance association dates back to Hippocrates ( about 460 – 375 B.C.).[1]
- In the sixteenth century, Ballonius was the first to describe hepatic coma.
- In 1660, Franciscus Rubeus and in 1725, Jacobus Vercellonius described liver failure further.
- Wickham Legg wrote a comprehensive review on acute liver atrophy in his book on liver diseases.
- In 1860, Frerichs described the terminal mental changes in patients with cirrhosis and yellow atrophy of the liver
- In 1970, Trey and Davidson introduced the term fulminant hepatic failure.
- Later it was suggested that the term fulminant should be confined to patients who develop jaundice to encephalopathy within 2 weeks. Terms subfulminant hepatic failure and late onset hepatic failure were coined for onset between 2 weeks to 3 months and for 8 weeks to 24 weeks respectively[2][3].
- The umbrella term of acute liver failure was proposed by Kings college group which has been adopted in this article. The best prognosis is in the hyperacute group[4].
References
- ↑ Kadam PD, Chuan HH (2016). "Erratum to: Rectocutaneous fistula with transmigration of the suture: a rare delayed complication of vault fixation with the sacrospinous ligament". Int Urogynecol J. 27 (3): 505. doi:10.1007/s00192-016-2952-5. PMID 26811110.
- ↑ Bernuau J, Goudeau A, Poynard T; et al. (1986). "Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in fulminant hepatitis B". Hepatology. 6 (4): 648–51. PMID 3732998.
- ↑ Gimson AE, O'Grady J, Ede RJ, Portmann B, Williams R (1986). "Late onset hepatic failure: clinical, serological and histological features". Hepatology. 6 (2): 288–94. PMID 3082735.
- ↑ Sass DA, Shakil AO (2005). "Fulminant hepatic failure". Liver Transpl. 11 (6): 594–605. doi:10.1002/lt.20435. PMID 15915484.