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==Overview==
==Overview==
The most common risk factor in the development of [[Gastric dumping syndrome|dumping syndrome]] is [[bariatric surgery]]. Dumping syndrome is not limited to surgery but occurs due to other conditions as well.
The most common risk factor in the development of [[Gastric dumping syndrome|dumping syndrome]] is [[bariatric surgery]]. Dumping syndrome is not limited to surgery but occurs due to other conditions as well. The severity of dumping syndrome is proportional to the rate of gastric emptying following different surgical procedures:


==Risk Factors==
==Risk Factors==
Gastric surgery is the main risk factor. The severity of dumping syndrome is proportional to the rate of gastric emptying following different surgical procedures:
*Bariatric surgery (i.e., Roux-en-Y gastric bypass[RYGB])
*Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) for morbid obesity is also associated dumping syndrome.
*Gastric drainage procedures (e.g., pyloroplasty)
*Partial gastrectomy
*Total gastrectomy: Pouch formation has less dumping and heartburn.
*Esophagectomy
*Antiulcer surgery (e.g., vagotomy)
*Antireflux surgery (e.g., Nissen fundoplication, especially in pediatric patients)
* Surgical
* Surgical
** [[Gastrectomy]]<ref name="pmid21407698">{{cite journal |vauthors=Machella TE |title=The Mechanism of the Post-Gastrectomy "Dumping" Syndrome |journal=Trans. Am. Clin. Climatol. Assoc. |volume=60 |issue= |pages=206–31 |year=1948 |pmid=21407698 |pmc=2242050 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
** [[Gastrectomy]]<ref name="pmid21407698">{{cite journal |vauthors=Machella TE |title=The Mechanism of the Post-Gastrectomy "Dumping" Syndrome |journal=Trans. Am. Clin. Climatol. Assoc. |volume=60 |issue= |pages=206–31 |year=1948 |pmid=21407698 |pmc=2242050 |doi= |url=}}</ref> (partial and total)
** [[Esophagectomy]]<ref name="pmid27859950">{{cite journal |vauthors=Boshier PR, Huddy JR, Zaninotto G, Hanna GB |title=Dumping syndrome after esophagectomy: a systematic review of the literature |journal=Dis. Esophagus |volume=30 |issue=1 |pages=1–9 |year=2017 |pmid=27859950 |doi=10.1111/dote.12488 |url=}}</ref>
** [[Esophagectomy]]<ref name="pmid27859950">{{cite journal |vauthors=Boshier PR, Huddy JR, Zaninotto G, Hanna GB |title=Dumping syndrome after esophagectomy: a systematic review of the literature |journal=Dis. Esophagus |volume=30 |issue=1 |pages=1–9 |year=2017 |pmid=27859950 |doi=10.1111/dote.12488 |url=}}</ref>
** Billroth I [[Gastroduodenostomy]]<ref name="pmid17518323">{{cite journal |vauthors=Borrelli D, Borrelli A, Presenti L, Bergamini C, Basili G |title=[Surgical approach of the functional post-partial gastrectomy syndromes] |language=Italian |journal=Ann Ital Chir |volume=78 |issue=1 |pages=3–10 |year=2007 |pmid=17518323 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
** Billroth I [[Gastroduodenostomy]]<ref name="pmid17518323">{{cite journal |vauthors=Borrelli D, Borrelli A, Presenti L, Bergamini C, Basili G |title=[Surgical approach of the functional post-partial gastrectomy syndromes] |language=Italian |journal=Ann Ital Chir |volume=78 |issue=1 |pages=3–10 |year=2007 |pmid=17518323 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
** Billroth II [[Gastrojejunostomy]]<ref name="pmid17518323">{{cite journal |vauthors=Borrelli D, Borrelli A, Presenti L, Bergamini C, Basili G |title=[Surgical approach of the functional post-partial gastrectomy syndromes] |language=Italian |journal=Ann Ital Chir |volume=78 |issue=1 |pages=3–10 |year=2007 |pmid=17518323 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
** Billroth II [[Gastrojejunostomy]]<ref name="pmid17518323">{{cite journal |vauthors=Borrelli D, Borrelli A, Presenti L, Bergamini C, Basili G |title=[Surgical approach of the functional post-partial gastrectomy syndromes] |language=Italian |journal=Ann Ital Chir |volume=78 |issue=1 |pages=3–10 |year=2007 |pmid=17518323 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
** [[Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery]]<ref name="pmid17518323">{{cite journal |vauthors=Borrelli D, Borrelli A, Presenti L, Bergamini C, Basili G |title=[Surgical approach of the functional post-partial gastrectomy syndromes] |language=Italian |journal=Ann Ital Chir |volume=78 |issue=1 |pages=3–10 |year=2007 |pmid=17518323 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
** [[Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery]]<ref name="pmid17518323">{{cite journal |vauthors=Borrelli D, Borrelli A, Presenti L, Bergamini C, Basili G |title=[Surgical approach of the functional post-partial gastrectomy syndromes] |language=Italian |journal=Ann Ital Chir |volume=78 |issue=1 |pages=3–10 |year=2007 |pmid=17518323 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
** Vagatomy<ref name="pmid596068">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ihász M, Réfi M, Kiss L, Pályi A, Váczi F, Bátorfi J |title=Dumping syndrome and diarrhoea after vagotomy |journal=Acta Chir Acad Sci Hung |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=1–12 |year=1977 |pmid=596068 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
** Antiulcer surgery ([[vagotomy]])<ref name="pmid596068">{{cite journal |vauthors=Ihász M, Réfi M, Kiss L, Pályi A, Váczi F, Bátorfi J |title=Dumping syndrome and diarrhoea after vagotomy |journal=Acta Chir Acad Sci Hung |volume=18 |issue=1 |pages=1–12 |year=1977 |pmid=596068 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
** Antireflux surgery ([[Nissen fundoplication]], especially in pediatric patients)<ref name="pmid8890072">{{cite journal |vauthors=Samuk I, Afriat R, Horne T, Bistritzer T, Barr J, Vinograd I |title=Dumping syndrome following Nissen fundoplication, diagnosis, and treatment |journal=J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. |volume=23 |issue=3 |pages=235–40 |year=1996 |pmid=8890072 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
** [[Cholecystectomy]]<ref name="urlChronic Diarrhea After Gallbladder Surgery">{{cite web |url=http://www.drdonnica.com/faqs/00007641.htm |title=Chronic Diarrhea After Gallbladder Surgery  |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
** [[Cholecystectomy]]<ref name="urlChronic Diarrhea After Gallbladder Surgery">{{cite web |url=http://www.drdonnica.com/faqs/00007641.htm |title=Chronic Diarrhea After Gallbladder Surgery  |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
**[[Pyloromyotomy]]<ref name="van KempenHoekstra1992">{{cite journal|last1=van Kempen|first1=A. A. M. W.|last2=Hoekstra|first2=J. H.|last3=Willekens|first3=F. G. J.|last4=Kneepkens|first4=C. M. F.|last5=Pittschieler|first5=K.|title=Dumping syndrome after combined pyloroplasty and fundoplication|journal=European Journal of Pediatrics|volume=151|issue=7|year=1992|pages=546–546|issn=0340-6199|doi=10.1007/BF01957766}}</ref>
**[[Pyloromyotomy]]<ref name="van KempenHoekstra1992">{{cite journal|last1=van Kempen|first1=A. A. M. W.|last2=Hoekstra|first2=J. H.|last3=Willekens|first3=F. G. J.|last4=Kneepkens|first4=C. M. F.|last5=Pittschieler|first5=K.|title=Dumping syndrome after combined pyloroplasty and fundoplication|journal=European Journal of Pediatrics|volume=151|issue=7|year=1992|pages=546–546|issn=0340-6199|doi=10.1007/BF01957766}}</ref>
** Esophageal repair of [[esophageal atresia]]<ref name="pmid20385264">{{cite journal |vauthors=Michaud L, Sfeir R, Couttenier F, Turck D, Gottrand F |title=Dumping syndrome after esophageal atresia repair without antireflux surgery |journal=J. Pediatr. Surg. |volume=45 |issue=4 |pages=E13–5 |year=2010 |pmid=20385264 |doi=10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2010.01.016 |url=}}</ref>
** Esophageal repair of [[esophageal atresia]]<ref name="pmid20385264">{{cite journal |vauthors=Michaud L, Sfeir R, Couttenier F, Turck D, Gottrand F |title=Dumping syndrome after esophageal atresia repair without antireflux surgery |journal=J. Pediatr. Surg. |volume=45 |issue=4 |pages=E13–5 |year=2010 |pmid=20385264 |doi=10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2010.01.016 |url=}}</ref>
** Laparoscopic [[sleeve gastrectomy]] (LSG)<ref name="pmid21647622">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tzovaras G, Papamargaritis D, Sioka E, Zachari E, Baloyiannis I, Zacharoulis D, Koukoulis G |title=Symptoms suggestive of dumping syndrome after provocation in patients after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy |journal=Obes Surg |volume=22 |issue=1 |pages=23–8 |year=2012 |pmid=21647622 |doi=10.1007/s11695-011-0461-7 |url=}}</ref>
* Post-surgical diet
* Post-surgical diet
**High [[carbohydrate]] ([[sugar]])
**High [[carbohydrate]] ([[sugar]])
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*Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency
*Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency
*[[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome]]
*[[Ehlers-Danlos syndrome]]
===Risk Factors in Alphabetical Order===
===Risk Factors in Alphabetical Order===
The following are the risk factors in alphabetical order:{{columns-list|3|
The following are the risk factors in alphabetical order:{{columns-list|3|

Revision as of 16:07, 17 November 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Umar Ahmad, M.D.[2]

Overview

The most common risk factor in the development of dumping syndrome is bariatric surgery. Dumping syndrome is not limited to surgery but occurs due to other conditions as well. The severity of dumping syndrome is proportional to the rate of gastric emptying following different surgical procedures:

Risk Factors

Common Risk Factors

  • Post-surgical diet
  • In the pediatric population, almost all cases of dumping syndrome occured in those who had undergone Nissen Fundoplication.

Least Common Risk Factors

Risk Factors in Alphabetical Order

The following are the risk factors in alphabetical order:

The unnamed parameter 2= is no longer supported. Please see the documentation for {{columns-list}}.
3

References

  1. ↑ Machella TE (1948). "The Mechanism of the Post-Gastrectomy "Dumping" Syndrome". Trans. Am. Clin. Climatol. Assoc. 60: 206–31. PMC 2242050. PMID 21407698.
  2. ↑ Boshier PR, Huddy JR, Zaninotto G, Hanna GB (2017). "Dumping syndrome after esophagectomy: a systematic review of the literature". Dis. Esophagus. 30 (1): 1–9. doi:10.1111/dote.12488. PMID 27859950.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Borrelli D, Borrelli A, Presenti L, Bergamini C, Basili G (2007). "[Surgical approach of the functional post-partial gastrectomy syndromes]". Ann Ital Chir (in Italian). 78 (1): 3–10. PMID 17518323.
  4. ↑ Ihász M, Réfi M, Kiss L, Pályi A, Váczi F, Bátorfi J (1977). "Dumping syndrome and diarrhoea after vagotomy". Acta Chir Acad Sci Hung. 18 (1): 1–12. PMID 596068.
  5. ↑ Samuk I, Afriat R, Horne T, Bistritzer T, Barr J, Vinograd I (1996). "Dumping syndrome following Nissen fundoplication, diagnosis, and treatment". J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 23 (3): 235–40. PMID 8890072.
  6. ↑ "Chronic Diarrhea After Gallbladder Surgery".
  7. ↑ van Kempen, A. A. M. W.; Hoekstra, J. H.; Willekens, F. G. J.; Kneepkens, C. M. F.; Pittschieler, K. (1992). "Dumping syndrome after combined pyloroplasty and fundoplication". European Journal of Pediatrics. 151 (7): 546–546. doi:10.1007/BF01957766. ISSN 0340-6199.
  8. ↑ Michaud L, Sfeir R, Couttenier F, Turck D, Gottrand F (2010). "Dumping syndrome after esophageal atresia repair without antireflux surgery". J. Pediatr. Surg. 45 (4): E13–5. doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2010.01.016. PMID 20385264.
  9. ↑ Tzovaras G, Papamargaritis D, Sioka E, Zachari E, Baloyiannis I, Zacharoulis D, Koukoulis G (2012). "Symptoms suggestive of dumping syndrome after provocation in patients after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy". Obes Surg. 22 (1): 23–8. doi:10.1007/s11695-011-0461-7. PMID 21647622.
  10. ↑ Hejazi RA, Patil H, McCallum RW (2010). "Dumping syndrome: establishing criteria for diagnosis and identifying new etiologies". Dig. Dis. Sci. 55 (1): 117–23. doi:10.1007/s10620-009-0939-5. PMID 19714467.
  11. ↑ Dubois A, Eerdewegh PV, Gardner JD (1977). "Gastric emptying and secretion in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome". J. Clin. Invest. 59 (2): 255–63. doi:10.1172/JCI108636. PMC 333355. PMID 833274.
  12. ↑ Eagon JC, Miedema BW, Kelly KA (1992). "Postgastrectomy syndromes". Surg. Clin. North Am. 72 (2): 445–65. PMID 1549803.
  13. ↑ Zarate N, Farmer AD, Grahame R, Mohammed SD, Knowles CH, Scott SM, Aziz Q (2010). "Unexplained gastrointestinal symptoms and joint hypermobility: is connective tissue the missing link?". Neurogastroenterol. Motil. 22 (3): 252–e78. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2982.2009.01421.x. PMID 19840271.

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