Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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==Pathogenesis== | ==Pathogenesis== | ||
* Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) occurs due to obstruction of the hepatic venules and sinusoids rather than hepatic vein or inferior vena cava as seen in Budd Chiari syndrome. | * Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) occurs due to obstruction of the hepatic venules and sinusoids rather than hepatic vein or inferior vena cava as seen in Budd Chiari syndrome. | ||
* Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) is mainly seen in hematopoietic cell | * Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) is mainly seen in hematopoietic cell transplantation. | ||
* The development of sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) begins with the injury to the hepatic venous endothelium. It is thought that preexisting liver disease increases the risk of developing sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) due to impairment of drug metabolism which predisposes to the endothelial injury. | * The development of sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) begins with the injury to the hepatic venous endothelium. It is thought that preexisting liver disease increases the risk of developing sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) due to impairment of drug metabolism which predisposes to the endothelial injury. | ||
* The endothelial cells in patients with hepatitis may have abnormal expression of adhesion molecules and procoagulant factors. | * The endothelial cells in patients with hepatitis may have abnormal expression of adhesion molecules and procoagulant factors. | ||
Revision as of 13:15, 27 December 2017
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Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome Microchapters |
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Differentiating Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome from Other Diseases |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Pathogenesis
- Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) occurs due to obstruction of the hepatic venules and sinusoids rather than hepatic vein or inferior vena cava as seen in Budd Chiari syndrome.
- Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) is mainly seen in hematopoietic cell transplantation.
- The development of sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) begins with the injury to the hepatic venous endothelium. It is thought that preexisting liver disease increases the risk of developing sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) due to impairment of drug metabolism which predisposes to the endothelial injury.
- The endothelial cells in patients with hepatitis may have abnormal expression of adhesion molecules and procoagulant factors.
- The deposition of fibrinogen and factor VIII within the sinusoids leads to their dilation and congestion by erythrocytes. The progressive occlusion of venules leads to widespread zonal liver disruption and centrilobular hemorrhagic necrosis.
- The later changes in sinusoids include deposition of collagen, sclerosis of venular walls, fibrosis of the lumens and ultimately occlusion of hepatic venules.
- The severity of symptoms depends on the number of sinusoids involve and severity of the histologic changes.
Genetics
- Some diseases are genetic, and have particular inheritance patterns, and express different phenotypes.
- The effect that genetics may have on the pathophysiology of a disease can be described in this section.
Template sentences
- [Disease name] is transmitted in [mode of genetic transmission] pattern.
- Genes involved in the pathogenesis of [disease name] include [gene1], [gene2], and [gene3].
Associated Conditions
- Conditions associated with the disease can be detailed in this section.
Template sentences
- The most important conditions/diseases associated with [disease name] include:
- Condition 1: A brief explanation of the condition and its association with the disease
- Condition 2: A brief explanation of the condition and its association with the disease
For an example of an associated conditions sub-section of pathophysiology, click here.
Gross Pathology
- Gross pathology refers to macroscopic or larger scale manifestations of disease in organs, tissues and body cavities. The term is commonly used by pathologist to refer to diagnostically useful findings made during the gross examination portion of surgical specimen processing or an autopsy.
Template Sentences
- Template Sentences 1: On gross pathology, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
- Template Sentence 2: The most important characteristics of [disease name] on gross pathology are:
- Organ 1: List of characteristics + image
- Organ 2: List of characteristics + image
- Organ 3: List of characteristics + image
- This section is a good place to include pictures. Search for copyleft images on The Pathology Wiki [2] and Ask Dr. Wiki [3].
- For an example of this section, click here.
Microscopic Pathology
- Microscopic pathology is the disease process as it occurs at the microscopic level.
- Template Sentence 1: On microscopic histopathological analysis, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
- Template Sentence 2: The most important histopathological characteristics of [disease name] are summarized in the table below:
| Organs | Light microscope | Electron microscope | Images |
|---|---|---|---|
| Organ 1 | Characteristic 1a | Characterstic 1b | Image 1 |
| Organ 2 | Characteristic 2a | Characterstic 2b | Image 2 |
| Organ 3 | Characterstic 3a | Characterstic 3b | Image 3 |
- This section is a good place to include pictures. Search for copyleft images on The Pathology Wiki [4] and Ask Dr. Wiki [5].
- For an example of this section, click here.