Autoimmune hepatitis physical examination: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 25: | Line 25: | ||
===Skin=== | ===Skin=== | ||
*[[Jaundice]] | *[[Jaundice]] | ||
*Spider angiomata | [[Bruise|Bruises]] | ||
*[[Palmar erythema]] on the [[Thenar eminence|thenar]] and [[Hypothenar eminence|hypothenar eminences]], due to altered sex hormone metabolism. | |||
*[[Spider angioma|Spider angiomata]]: Increased estradiol levels lead to the formation of vascular lesions consisting of central arterioles surrounded by smaller vessels <ref name="pmid10423070">{{cite journal |author=Li CP, Lee FY, Hwang SJ, ''et al'' |title=Spider angiomas in patients with liver cirrhosis: role of alcoholism and impaired liver function|journal=Scand. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=34 |issue=5 |pages=520-3 |year=1999 |pmid=10423070 |doi=}}</ref> | |||
*'''[[Telangiectasia|Telangiectasias]]''' or '''spider veins:''' small dilated [[blood vessel]]s near the surface of the [[skin]]. | |||
<gallery widths="250px"> | |||
<gallery widths="250px"> | <gallery widths="250px"> | ||
File:Spider nevus.jpg|[[spider angiomata]] |Spider angiomata<ref>https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spider_nevus.jpg#/media/</ref> | File:Spider nevus.jpg|[[spider angiomata]] |Spider angiomata<ref>https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spider_nevus.jpg#/media/</ref> | ||
Revision as of 21:24, 28 December 2017
|
Autoimmune hepatitis Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Autoimmune hepatitis physical examination On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Autoimmune hepatitis physical examination |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Autoimmune hepatitis physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: :Manpreet Kaur, MD [2]
Overview
Patients with autoimmune hepatitis usually appear normal. Physical examination of patients with autoimmune hepatitis is usually remarkable for jaundice, hepatomegaly, and spider angiomata.
Physical Examination
Physical examination of Autoimmune hepatitis patient who progresses to cirrhosis:[1]
- Jaundice
- Hepatomegaly
- Spider angiomata
- Ascites
- Asterixis
- spleenomegaly
- Palmar erythema.
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with Autoimmune hepatitis usually appear normal initially. If it progresses to cirrhosis then patient appear weak due to constitutional symptoms such as weight loss, anorexia, and muscle atrophy
- Yellowish discoloration of the skin
- Abdominal distension may also be present due to ascites
- Normal/low blood pressure with normal pulse pressure
Signs of patient progresses to cirrhosis
Skin
- Palmar erythema on the thenar and hypothenar eminences, due to altered sex hormone metabolism.
- Spider angiomata: Increased estradiol levels lead to the formation of vascular lesions consisting of central arterioles surrounded by smaller vessels [2]
- Telangiectasias or spider veins: small dilated blood vessels near the surface of the skin.
![Spider angiomata[3]](/index.php/File:Spider_nevus.jpg)
![Sclerotic jaundice in a female [4]](/index.php/File:Cholangitis_Jaundice.jpg)
HEENT
- Hirsutism
- Icteric sclera
- Acne
Abdomen
- Abdominal distention(Ascites)
- Hepatomegaly
- splenomegaly
Neuromuscular
- Patient present with hepatic encephalopathy
- Patient is disoriented to persons, place, and time
- Altered mental status
References
- ↑ Krawitt EL (2006). "Autoimmune hepatitis". N. Engl. J. Med. 354 (1): 54–66. doi:10.1056/NEJMra050408. PMID 16394302.
- ↑ Li CP, Lee FY, Hwang SJ; et al. (1999). "Spider angiomas in patients with liver cirrhosis: role of alcoholism and impaired liver function". Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 34 (5): 520–3. PMID 10423070.
- ↑ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spider_nevus.jpg#/media/
- ↑ By Bobjgalindo - Own work, GFDL, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=10762793
