Colon polyps pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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* Solitary polyps has no significant risk of [[cancer]]. However, multiple polyps of the colon have a 10% risk of [[Cancer|malignancy]]. | * Solitary polyps has no significant risk of [[cancer]]. However, multiple polyps of the colon have a 10% risk of [[Cancer|malignancy]]. | ||
==== Serrated polyps ==== | ==== Serrated polyps ==== | ||
* Hyperplastic polyps | * Serrated polyps are different [[Polyp|polyps]] which have variable [[Malignant|malignant potential]]. They include [[Hyperplasia|hyperplastic]], sessile serrated and traditional serrated polyps. They have various histopathologies and manifestations. | ||
* Hyperplastic polypsare the most common polyps. They are small outpouching, less than 5 mm, which are | |||
* Sessile serrated polyps | * Sessile serrated polyps | ||
* Traditional serrated adenomas | * Traditional serrated adenomas | ||
Revision as of 19:31, 19 January 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[2]
Overview
The exact pathogenesis of [disease name] is not fully understood.
OR
It is thought that [disease name] is the result of / is mediated by / is produced by / is caused by either [hypothesis 1], [hypothesis 2], or [hypothesis 3].
OR
[Pathogen name] is usually transmitted via the [transmission route] route to the human host.
OR
Following transmission/ingestion, the [pathogen] uses the [entry site] to invade the [cell name] cell.
OR
[Disease or malignancy name] arises from [cell name]s, which are [cell type] cells that are normally involved in [function of cells].
OR
The progression to [disease name] usually involves the [molecular pathway].
OR
The pathophysiology of [disease/malignancy] depends on the histological subtype.
Pathophysiology
Pathogenesis
- There are four different types of polyps including inflammatory, hamartomatous, serrated, and adenomatous polyps, which have different pathogenesis.
- The pathophysiology of colon polyps depends on the histological type.
- It is thought that colon polyps is mediated by either [hypothesis 2], or [hypothesis 3].
Inflammatory polyps
- Inflammatory polyps are non-neoplastic polyps that occur following intestinal inflammation, infections, or ischemia.[1][2]
- They mostly occur in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, mainly ulcerative colitis.
- They are considered as pseudopolyps which contain inflammatory infiltrations with distorted mucosa.
- It had no malignant potential. However, it is recommended to biopsy the lesion and surrounding mucosa.
- Microscopic pathology of biopsy shows mixture of normal, ulcerated, and regenerating mucosa which is surrounded by areas of mucosal loss.
Hamartomatous polyps
- Hamartomatous polyp is an overgrowth of mature cells and connective tissue elements including smooth muscle, lamina propria, and cartilage, and fat. They are covered by a hypertrophic epithelium.[3]
- They might be pedunculated, inflamed, or smooth polyps which are solitary or multiple.
- Solitary hamartomatous polyps, also known as juvenile polyps, can present more commonly in younger population.
- Solitary polyps has no significant risk of cancer. However, multiple polyps of the colon have a 10% risk of malignancy.
Serrated polyps
- Serrated polyps are different polyps which have variable malignant potential. They include hyperplastic, sessile serrated and traditional serrated polyps. They have various histopathologies and manifestations.
- Hyperplastic polypsare the most common polyps. They are small outpouching, less than 5 mm, which are
- Sessile serrated polyps
- Traditional serrated adenomas
- Serrated polyposis syndrome
Adenomatous polyps
Genetics
- The development of colon polyps is the result of multiple genetic mutations.
- There has been some association with familial juvenile polyposis and the gene SMAD4 on chromosome 18 and PTEN on chromosome 10
Associated Conditions
Gross Pathology
- On gross pathology, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
 |
Microscopic Pathology
- On microscopic histopathological analysis, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
References
- ↑ Shussman, N.; Wexner, S. D. (2014). "Colorectal polyps and polyposis syndromes". Gastroenterology Report. 2 (1): 1–15. doi:10.1093/gastro/got041. ISSN 2052-0034.
- ↑ Li SC, Burgart L (2007). "Histopathology of serrated adenoma, its variants, and differentiation from conventional adenomatous and hyperplastic polyps". Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 131 (3): 440–5. doi:10.1043/1543-2165(2007)131[440:HOSAIV]2.0.CO;2. PMID 17516746.
- ↑ Zbuk KM, Eng C (2007). "Hamartomatous polyposis syndromes". Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol. 4 (9): 492–502. doi:10.1038/ncpgasthep0902. PMID 17768394.
- ↑ "File:Image of resected colon segment with cancer & 4 nearby polyps plus schematic of field defects with sub-clones.jpg - Wikimedia Commons".