Primary biliary cirrhosis physical examination: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Physical examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis in early stages of diseases is usually normal. Patients have clinical manifestations as the disease progress. Physical examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually remarkable for fatigue and pruritis (worse at night). | Physical examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis in early stages of diseases is usually normal. Patients have clinical manifestations as the disease progress. Physical examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually remarkable for [[fatigue]] and [[pruritis]] (worse at night). | ||
==Physical Examination== | ==Physical Examination== | ||
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===Appearance of the Patient=== | ===Appearance of the Patient=== | ||
*Patients with primary biliary cirrhosis may appear fatigued.<ref name="pmid20683955">{{cite journal| author=Al-Harthy N, Kumagi T, Coltescu C, Hirschfield GM| title=The specificity of fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis: evaluation of a large clinic practice. | journal=Hepatology | year= 2010 | volume= 52 | issue= 2 | pages= 562-70 | pmid=20683955 | doi=10.1002/hep.23683 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20683955 }} </ref><ref name="pmid9824355">{{cite journal| author=Cauch-Dudek K, Abbey S, Stewart DE, Heathcote EJ| title=Fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis. | journal=Gut | year= 1998 | volume= 43 | issue= 5 | pages= 705-10 | pmid=9824355 | doi= | pmc=1727314 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9824355 }} </ref> | *Patients with primary biliary cirrhosis may appear [[fatigued]].<ref name="pmid20683955">{{cite journal| author=Al-Harthy N, Kumagi T, Coltescu C, Hirschfield GM| title=The specificity of fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis: evaluation of a large clinic practice. | journal=Hepatology | year= 2010 | volume= 52 | issue= 2 | pages= 562-70 | pmid=20683955 | doi=10.1002/hep.23683 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20683955 }} </ref><ref name="pmid9824355">{{cite journal| author=Cauch-Dudek K, Abbey S, Stewart DE, Heathcote EJ| title=Fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis. | journal=Gut | year= 1998 | volume= 43 | issue= 5 | pages= 705-10 | pmid=9824355 | doi= | pmc=1727314 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9824355 }} </ref> | ||
===Vital Signs=== | ===Vital Signs=== | ||
* Vital signs of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis are usually normal. | |||
Vital signs of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis are usually normal. | |||
===Skin=== | ===Skin=== | ||
*Pruritis, worse at night | *[[Pruritis]], worse at night | ||
*Jaundice | *[[Jaundice]] | ||
*Diffuse pigmentation due to melanin deposition as a result of cholestasis | *Diffuse [[pigmentation]] due to [[melanin]] deposition as a result of cholestasis | ||
*Scratch marks | *Scratch marks | ||
*Xanthelasma in a few patients | *[[Xanthelasma]] in a few patients | ||
* | *[[Xanthomas]] are observed rarely | ||
===HEENT=== | ===HEENT=== | ||
HEENT examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually normal. | * HEENT examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually normal. | ||
===Neck=== | ===Neck=== | ||
Neck examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually normal. | * Neck examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually normal. | ||
===Lungs=== | ===Lungs=== | ||
Pulmonary examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually normal. | * Pulmonary examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually normal. | ||
===Heart=== | ===Heart=== | ||
Cardiac examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually normal. | * Cardiac examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually normal. | ||
===Abdomen=== | ===Abdomen=== | ||
| Line 47: | Line 46: | ||
===Genitourinary=== | ===Genitourinary=== | ||
Genitourinary examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually normal. | * Genitourinary examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually normal. | ||
===Neuromuscular=== | ===Neuromuscular=== | ||
Encephalopathy due to liver failure in late stages | |||
===Extremities=== | ===Extremities=== | ||
Extremity examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually normal. | * Extremity examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually normal. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 15:26, 5 February 2018
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Primary biliary cirrhosis physical examination On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anmol Pitliya, M.B.B.S. M.D.[2]
Overview
Physical examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis in early stages of diseases is usually normal. Patients have clinical manifestations as the disease progress. Physical examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually remarkable for fatigue and pruritis (worse at night).
Physical Examination
- Physical examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis in early stages of diseases is usually normal. Patients have clinical manifestations as the disease progress.[1][2]
Appearance of the Patient
Vital Signs
- Vital signs of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis are usually normal.
Skin
- Pruritis, worse at night
- Jaundice
- Diffuse pigmentation due to melanin deposition as a result of cholestasis
- Scratch marks
- Xanthelasma in a few patients
- Xanthomas are observed rarely
HEENT
- HEENT examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually normal.
Neck
- Neck examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually normal.
Lungs
- Pulmonary examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually normal.
Heart
- Cardiac examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually normal.
Abdomen
- Splenomegaly due to portal hypertension
- Hepatomegaly
- Ascites due to liver failure
Back
Back examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually normal.
Genitourinary
- Genitourinary examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually normal.
Neuromuscular
Encephalopathy due to liver failure in late stages
Extremities
- Extremity examination of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis is usually normal.
References
- ↑ Kumagi T, Heathcote EJ (2008). "Primary biliary cirrhosis". Orphanet J Rare Dis. 3: 1. doi:10.1186/1750-1172-3-1. PMC 2266722. PMID 18215315.
- ↑ Purohit T, Cappell MS (2015). "Primary biliary cirrhosis: Pathophysiology, clinical presentation and therapy". World J Hepatol. 7 (7): 926–41. doi:10.4254/wjh.v7.i7.926. PMC 4419097. PMID 25954476.
- ↑ Al-Harthy N, Kumagi T, Coltescu C, Hirschfield GM (2010). "The specificity of fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis: evaluation of a large clinic practice". Hepatology. 52 (2): 562–70. doi:10.1002/hep.23683. PMID 20683955.
- ↑ Cauch-Dudek K, Abbey S, Stewart DE, Heathcote EJ (1998). "Fatigue in primary biliary cirrhosis". Gut. 43 (5): 705–10. PMC 1727314. PMID 9824355.