Ogilvie syndrome overview: Difference between revisions
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==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
Common causes of Ogilvie's syndrome include trauma, gynecological surgeries, major surgeries as hip replacement, and myocardial infarction. Other causes include causes of non mechanical bowel obstruction as acid base imbalance, acute pancreatitis, apoplexy, and cancers. | |||
==Differentiating Hereditary pancreatitis from Other Diseases== | ==Differentiating Hereditary pancreatitis from Other Diseases== | ||
The colonic pseudo-obstruction pathogenesis is believed to be due to impairment of the [[autonomic nervous system]]. The autonomic imapairment may involve the parasympathetic fibers of S2-S4 which is responsible for innervation of the distal colon and may lead to atonic colon and proximal obstruction. In few cases, Ogilvie's syndrome (colonic pseudo-obstruction) may show atrophic myopathy with thinned colonic wall and intact [[myenteric plexus]]. | |||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
Revision as of 15:13, 7 February 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Historical Perspective
Acute intestinal pseudo-obstruction was first reported by Dr. William Heneage Ogilvie in 1948 and the syndrome was named on him after that.
Classification
Ogilvie's syndrome can be classified based on the duration of the disease into acute or chronic.
Pathophysiology
The colonic pseudo-obstruction pathogenesis is believed to be due to impairment of the autonomic nervous system. The autonomic imapairment may involve the parasympathetic fibers of S2-S4 which is responsible for innervation of the distal colon and may lead to atonic colon and proximal obstruction. In few cases, Ogilvie's syndrome (colonic pseudo-obstruction) may show atrophic myopathy with thinned colonic wall and intact myenteric plexus.
Causes
Common causes of Ogilvie's syndrome include trauma, gynecological surgeries, major surgeries as hip replacement, and myocardial infarction. Other causes include causes of non mechanical bowel obstruction as acid base imbalance, acute pancreatitis, apoplexy, and cancers.
Differentiating Hereditary pancreatitis from Other Diseases
The colonic pseudo-obstruction pathogenesis is believed to be due to impairment of the autonomic nervous system. The autonomic imapairment may involve the parasympathetic fibers of S2-S4 which is responsible for innervation of the distal colon and may lead to atonic colon and proximal obstruction. In few cases, Ogilvie's syndrome (colonic pseudo-obstruction) may show atrophic myopathy with thinned colonic wall and intact myenteric plexus.