Hyponatremia causes: Difference between revisions
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Common causes of [disease] include [cause1], [cause2], and [cause3]. | Common causes of [disease] include [cause1], [cause2], and [cause3]. | ||
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Revision as of 01:08, 26 April 2018
Hyponatremia Microchapters |
Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
Case Studies |
Hyponatremia causes On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hyponatremia causes |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Saeedeh Kowsarnia M.D.[2]
Overview
Disease name] may be caused by [cause1], [cause2], or [cause3].
OR
Common causes of [disease] include [cause1], [cause2], and [cause3].
OR
The most common cause of [disease name] is [cause 1]. Less common causes of [disease name] include [cause 2], [cause 3], and [cause 4].
OR
The cause of [disease name] has not been identified. To review risk factors for the development of [disease name], click here.
Causes
Common Causes
Volume status | Sodium status | Causes |
---|---|---|
Hypovolemic
Hyponatremia |
|
Bicarbonaturia ( Renal tubular acidosis, Metabolic alkalosis), Osmotic diuresis
|
Hypervolemic
Hyponatremia |
|
(due to relatively higher water versus salt intake and poor excretion),Nephrotic syndrome
|
Euvolemic
Hyponatremia |
|
postoperative nausea, pain,stress,Neoplasia (common),trauma,pregnancy
(caused by a low intake of solutes with relatively high fluid intake)
|
† Altered sensitivity to serum osmolality by the hypothalamic osmoreceptors
- Drugs:
Drug Mechanisms | Drug Classification |
---|---|
Increase ADH secretion | Antidepressants:Tricyclic antidepressants ( Amitryptiline,
Protriptyline, Desipramine),Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Antipsychotic drugs: Phenothiazines (Thioridazine, Trifluoperazine), Butyrophenones (Haloperidol) Antiepileptic drugs: Carbamazepine, Oxcarbazepine, Sodium valproate Anticancer agents: Vinca alkaloids (Vincristine, Vinblastine), Platinum compounds (Cisplatin, Carboplatin) Alkylating agents: Intravenous, Cyclophosphamide, Melphalan, Ifosfamide Miscellaneous: Methotrexate, Interferon, Levamisole, Pentostatin, Monoclonal antibodies, MDMA, Nicotine Opiates |
Increase ADH effect | Antiepileptic drugs: Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine
Antidiabetic drugs: Chlorpropamide, Tolbutamide Anticancer agents: Alkylating agents (Intravenous cyclophosphamide) NSAIDS |
Drugs affecting water and sodium homeostasis | Diuretics:Thiazides, Indapamide, Amiloride, Loop diuretics |
Reset omostat ‡ | Antidepressants: Venlafaxine
Antiepileptic drugs:Carbamazepine |
‡ Altered sensitivity to serum osmolality by the hypothalamic osmoreceptors
Causes by Organ System
Causes in Alphabetical Order