Hyponatremia differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions

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{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! rowspan="4" |Disease
! rowspan="4" |Disease
! colspan="11" |Clinical manifestations
! colspan="12" |Clinical manifestations
! colspan="8" |Paraclinical Findings
! colspan="8" |Paraclinical Findings
!Comments
!Comments
|-
|-
| colspan="11" |Symptoms and Signs
| colspan="12" |Symptoms and Signs
| colspan="7" |Lab Findings
| colspan="7" |Lab Findings
| rowspan="3" |Imaging
| rowspan="3" |Imaging
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| rowspan="2" |Tachycardia
| rowspan="2" |Tachycardia
| rowspan="2" |Hypotension
| rowspan="2" |Hypotension
| rowspan="2" |Dry mucous membranes
| rowspan="2" |CBC
| rowspan="2" |CBC
| colspan="3" |Urine Analysis
| colspan="3" |Urine Analysis
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|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
| -
|
|
|>20
|>20
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|Congestive heart failure
|Congestive heart failure
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|Hypervolemic
|Hypervolemic
|
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
| -
|
|
|<10
|<10
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|Cirrhosis
|Cirrhosis
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|Hypervolemic
|Hypervolemic
|
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
| -
|
|
|<10
|<10
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|SIADH
|SIADH
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|Euvolemic
|Euvolemic
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
| -
|
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
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|Hypothyroidism
|Hypothyroidism
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|Euvolemic
|Euvolemic
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
| -
|
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
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|Adrenal insufficiency
|Adrenal insufficiency
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|Euvolemic
|Euvolemic
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
| -
|
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
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|Psychogenic polydipsia
|Psychogenic polydipsia
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|Euvolemic
|Euvolemic
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
| -
|
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
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|Beer drinker's potomania
|Beer drinker's potomania
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|Euvolemic
|Euvolemic
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
| -
|
|
| -
| -
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|Pregnancy
|Pregnancy
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|Euvolemic
|Euvolemic
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
| -
|
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
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|Anorexia (Chronic malnutrition)
|Anorexia (Chronic malnutrition)
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|Euvolemic
|Euvolemic
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
| -
|
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
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|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|Hypovolemic
|Hypovolemic
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| +
|
|
|>20
|>20
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|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|Hypovolemic
|Hypovolemic
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| +
|
|
|>20
|>20
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|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|Hypovolemic
|Hypovolemic
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| +
|
|
|<10
|<10
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|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|Hypovolemic
|Hypovolemic
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| +
|
|
|<10
|<10
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|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+</nowiki>
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|Hypovolemic
|
|
|
|Hypovolemic
|
|
|
|
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|Pseudohyponatremia 
|Pseudohyponatremia 
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|
|<nowiki>-</nowiki>
|<nowiki>+/-</nowiki>
|
|
|
|

Revision as of 17:24, 30 April 2018

Hyponatremia Microchapters

Home

Patient information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Hyponatremia from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X-ray

Echocardiogram or Ultarsound

CT scan

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Hyponatremia differential diagnosis On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hyponatremia differential diagnosis

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Hyponatremia differential diagnosis

CDC on Hyponatremia differential diagnosis

Hyponatremia differential diagnosis in the news

Blogs on Hyponatremia differential diagnosis

Directions to Hospitals Treating hyponatremia

Risk calculators and risk factors for Hyponatremia differential diagnosis

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Saeedeh Kowsarnia M.D.[2] Iqra Qamar M.D.[3]

Overview

Hyponatremia must be differentiated from other diseases that cause

Differentiating Hyponatremia from other Diseases

Disease Clinical manifestations Paraclinical Findings Comments
Symptoms and Signs Lab Findings Imaging
Muscle weakness/ Cramps Oliguria Vomiting/ Diarrhea Confusion/ Dizziness Volume status JVP Edema Crackles Ascites Tachycardia Hypotension Dry mucous membranes CBC Urine Analysis Serum Osmolality ADH levels Other
Urine Na Urine Osm FeNa
Renal failure +/- +/- - +/- Hypervolemic + + + + - - - >20 - >1% Normal or ↑
Congestive heart failure +/- - - +/- Hypervolemic + + + + - - - <10 - <1% ↑
Cirrhosis +/- - - +/- Hypervolemic + + + + - - - <10 - <1% ↑
SIADH +/- - - +/- Euvolemic - - - - - - - - >100 - ↑
Hypothyroidism +/- - - +/- Euvolemic - - - - - - - - >100 - ↑
Adrenal insufficiency +/- - - +/- Euvolemic - - - - - - - - >100 - ↑
Psychogenic polydipsia +/- - - +/- Euvolemic - - - - - - - - <100 - ↑
Beer drinker's potomania +/- - - +/- Euvolemic - - - - - - - - <100 - ↓
Pregnancy +/- - - +/- Euvolemic - - - - - - - - Variable - ↓
Anorexia (Chronic malnutrition) +/- - - +/- Euvolemic - - - - - - - - Variable - -
Diuretic induced hyponatremia +/- + - +/- Hypovolemic - - - - + + + >20 - >1% -
Non oliguric ATN +/- - - +/- Hypovolemic - - - - + + + >20 - >1% -
Diseases causing 3rd spacing (Pancreatitis, SBO) +/- + +/- +/- Hypovolemic - - - - + + + <10 - <1% -
Gastroenteritis +/- + + +/- Hypovolemic - - - - + + + <10 - <1% -
Sweating +/- + - +/- Hypovolemic <10 - <1% -
Pseudohyponatremia  +/- - - +/- Normal or ↑

References

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