Hyponatremia laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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| Line 74: | Line 74: | ||
|> 100 mOsm/kg | |> 100 mOsm/kg | ||
|'''U<sub>Na</sub> > 20 mEq/L:''' | |'''U<sub>Na</sub> > 20 mEq/L:''' | ||
* Acute or chronic renal failure | * Acute or chronic [[renal failure]] | ||
* Fluid overload | * Fluid overload | ||
* Psychogenic polydipsia | * [[Psychogenic polydipsia]] | ||
* [[Diuretic]] use in: [[Heart failure]] [[Liver disease|, Liver disease]], [[Nephrotic syndrome]] | * [[Diuretic]] use in: [[Heart failure]] [[Liver disease|, Liver disease]], [[Nephrotic syndrome]] | ||
'''U<sub>Na</sub> < 20 mEq/L:''' | '''U<sub>Na</sub> < 20 mEq/L:''' | ||
* Heart failure | * [[Heart failure]] | ||
* Primary polydipsia | * [[Primary polydipsia]] | ||
* Cirrhosis | * [[Cirrhosis]] | ||
* Nephritic/nephrotic syndrome | * Nephritic/[[nephrotic syndrome]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
!<big>Euvolemic hyponatremia</big> | !<big>Euvolemic hyponatremia</big> | ||
| Line 93: | Line 93: | ||
|> 100 mOsm/kg | |> 100 mOsm/kg | ||
|'''Variable U<sub>Na</sub>''' ''':''' | |'''Variable U<sub>Na</sub>''' ''':''' | ||
* SIAD/ SIADH with fluid restriction | * [[SIADH|SIAD]]/ SIADH with fluid restriction | ||
* Hypothyroidism | * [[Hypothyroidism]] | ||
'''U<sub>Na</sub> > 40 mEq/L:''' | '''U<sub>Na</sub> > 40 mEq/L:''' | ||
* Cortisol deficiency | * [[Cortisol]] deficiency | ||
* ACTH deficiency | * [[ACTH]] deficiency | ||
* Hypothyroidism | * [[Hypothyroidism]] | ||
* Drugs | * Drugs | ||
* SIAD/ SIADH | * SIAD/ SIADH | ||
| Line 114: | Line 114: | ||
** [[Addison disease]] | ** [[Addison disease]] | ||
** [[Cerebral salt wasting syndrome|CSW]] | ** [[Cerebral salt wasting syndrome|CSW]] | ||
** Diuretics | ** [[Diuretics]] | ||
'''U<sub>Na</sub> < 30 mEq/L:''' | '''U<sub>Na</sub> < 30 mEq/L:''' | ||
* Diuretics | * Diuretics | ||
| Line 123: | Line 123: | ||
** [[Pancreatitis]] | ** [[Pancreatitis]] | ||
** [[Sweating]] | ** [[Sweating]] | ||
** Small bowel obstruction | ** [[Small bowel obstruction]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 14:27, 4 June 2018
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Hyponatremia Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Hyponatremia laboratory findings On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hyponatremia laboratory findings |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Hyponatremia laboratory findings |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Saeedeh Kowsarnia M.D.[2]
Overview
Laboratory Findings
Biochemical evaluation for finding the etiologies of hyponatremia :
The unnamed parameter 2= is no longer supported. Please see the documentation for {{columns-list}}.
2For different causes of hyponatremia, click here.
For approach to differential diagnosis, click here.
For the clinical approach to diagnosis, click here.
Laboratory findings in different causes of hyponatremia [1]:
| Conditions | Sodium status | Plasma osmolality | Urine osmolality | Differentiation of causes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hypervolemic hyponatremia | TBW ↑↑
Serum Na ↑ |
< 275 mOsm/kg | > 100 mOsm/kg | UNa > 20 mEq/L:
UNa < 20 mEq/L:
|
| Euvolemic hyponatremia | TBW ↑
Serum Na ↔ |
< 275 mOsm/kg | > 100 mOsm/kg | Variable UNa :
UNa > 40 mEq/L:
|
| Hypovolemic hyponatremia | TBW ↔
Serum Na ↓↓ |
< 275 mOsm/kg | > 500 mOsm/kg | UNa > 30 mEq/L:
UNa < 30 mEq/L:
|
References
- ↑ Wiebke Fenske, Sebastian K. G. Maier, Anne Blechschmidt, Bruno Allolio & Stefan Stork (2010). "Utility and limitations of the traditional diagnostic approach to hyponatremia: a diagnostic study". The American journal of medicine. 123 (7): 652–657. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.01.013. PMID 20609688. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)