Minimal change disease laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
==Laboratory Findings== | ==Laboratory Findings== | ||
===Blood<ref name="VivarelliMassella20172">{{cite journal|last1=Vivarelli|first1=Marina|last2=Massella|first2=Laura|last3=Ruggiero|first3=Barbara|last4=Emma|first4=Francesco|title=Minimal Change Disease|journal=Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology|volume=12|issue=2|year=2017|pages=332–345|issn=1555-9041|doi=10.2215/CJN.05000516}}</ref>=== | ===Blood<ref name="VivarelliMassella20172">{{cite journal|last1=Vivarelli|first1=Marina|last2=Massella|first2=Laura|last3=Ruggiero|first3=Barbara|last4=Emma|first4=Francesco|title=Minimal Change Disease|journal=Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology|volume=12|issue=2|year=2017|pages=332–345|issn=1555-9041|doi=10.2215/CJN.05000516}}</ref>=== | ||
*Elevated [[hematocrit]] due to volume contraction | * Fibrinogen, factors V and VIII, and protein C increases and increased risk of thrombosis due to hypercoagulability.<ref name="pmid279404604">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vivarelli M, Massella L, Ruggiero B, Emma F |title=Minimal Change Disease |journal=Clin J Am Soc Nephrol |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=332–345 |date=February 2017 |pmid=27940460 |pmc=5293332 |doi=10.2215/CJN.05000516 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Serum electrolytes may show | |||
*[[Hypocalcemia]] | *Elevated [[hematocrit]] due to volume contraction.<ref name="pmid279404605">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vivarelli M, Massella L, Ruggiero B, Emma F |title=Minimal Change Disease |journal=Clin J Am Soc Nephrol |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=332–345 |date=February 2017 |pmid=27940460 |pmc=5293332 |doi=10.2215/CJN.05000516 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Hypovitaminosis D | *Serum electrolytes may show pseudohyponatremia, defined as low serum sodium levels due to elevated serum lipids. | ||
*Normal/elevated serum [[creatinine]] | *[[Hypocalcemia]]. | ||
*[[Hypoalbuminemia]] | *Hypovitaminosis D. | ||
*Abnormal lipid profile (total [[cholesterol]], [[LDL-C]], [[HDL-C]], [[triglyceride]]s) | *Normal/elevated serum [[creatinine]]. | ||
* | *[[Hypoalbuminemia]]. | ||
*Abnormal lipid profile (total [[cholesterol]], [[LDL-C]], [[HDL-C]], [[triglyceride]]s) due to | |||
**Decreased activity of lipoprotein lipase. | |||
**Decreased LDL receptor activity. | |||
**Increased urinary loss of HDL and antithrombin III. | |||
*IgG decreased. | *IgG decreased. | ||
*IgA is minimally reduced. | *IgA is minimally reduced. | ||
*IgM is increased. | *IgM is increased. | ||
===Urine=== | ===Urine=== | ||
* 24-hour urinary analysis is indicated in the work-up of minimal change disease.<ref name="pmid27940460">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vivarelli M, Massella L, Ruggiero B, Emma F |title=Minimal Change Disease |journal=Clin J Am Soc Nephrol |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=332–345 |date=February 2017 |pmid=27940460 |pmc=5293332 |doi=10.2215/CJN.05000516 |url=}}</ref><ref name="VivarelliMassella2017">{{cite journal|last1=Vivarelli|first1=Marina|last2=Massella|first2=Laura|last3=Ruggiero|first3=Barbara|last4=Emma|first4=Francesco|title=Minimal Change Disease|journal=Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology|volume=12|issue=2|year=2017|pages=332–345|issn=1555-9041|doi=10.2215/CJN.05000516}}</ref> | * 24-hour urinary analysis is indicated in the work-up of minimal change disease.<ref name="pmid27940460">{{cite journal |vauthors=Vivarelli M, Massella L, Ruggiero B, Emma F |title=Minimal Change Disease |journal=Clin J Am Soc Nephrol |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=332–345 |date=February 2017 |pmid=27940460 |pmc=5293332 |doi=10.2215/CJN.05000516 |url=}}</ref><ref name="VivarelliMassella2017">{{cite journal|last1=Vivarelli|first1=Marina|last2=Massella|first2=Laura|last3=Ruggiero|first3=Barbara|last4=Emma|first4=Francesco|title=Minimal Change Disease|journal=Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology|volume=12|issue=2|year=2017|pages=332–345|issn=1555-9041|doi=10.2215/CJN.05000516}}</ref> | ||
Revision as of 19:22, 4 June 2018
|
Minimal Change Disease Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Minimal change disease laboratory findings On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Minimal change disease laboratory findings |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Minimal change disease laboratory findings |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vamsikrishna Gunnam M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
Laboratory findings in minimal change disease include elevated hematocrit, pseudohyponatremia, hypocalcemia, and abnormal lipid panel. Findings of urine analysis include elevated urinary specific gravity, proteinuria that might reach nephrotic range, high urinary protein-creatinine ratio, microscopic hematuria, and lipid-laden cells.
Laboratory Findings
Blood[1]
- Fibrinogen, factors V and VIII, and protein C increases and increased risk of thrombosis due to hypercoagulability.[2]
- Elevated hematocrit due to volume contraction.[3]
- Serum electrolytes may show pseudohyponatremia, defined as low serum sodium levels due to elevated serum lipids.
- Hypocalcemia.
- Hypovitaminosis D.
- Normal/elevated serum creatinine.
- Hypoalbuminemia.
- Abnormal lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides) due to
- Decreased activity of lipoprotein lipase.
- Decreased LDL receptor activity.
- Increased urinary loss of HDL and antithrombin III.
- IgG decreased.
- IgA is minimally reduced.
- IgM is increased.
Urine
- Elevated urinary specific gravity.
- Proteinuria that might reach nephrotic range.
- High urinary protein-creatinine ratio.
- Microscopic hematuria.
- Lipid-laden cells.
- Gross hematuria.[6]
- Urinary dipstick showing 3+/4+ proteinuria (≥300 mg/dl).[7]
- Urine protein-to-creatinine ratio >200 mg/mmol.
- Urine proteins >3.5 g/d in adults.[8]
- increased α2-globulin and a reduced γ-globulin fraction.
References
- ↑ Vivarelli, Marina; Massella, Laura; Ruggiero, Barbara; Emma, Francesco (2017). "Minimal Change Disease". Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 12 (2): 332–345. doi:10.2215/CJN.05000516. ISSN 1555-9041.
- ↑ Vivarelli M, Massella L, Ruggiero B, Emma F (February 2017). "Minimal Change Disease". Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 12 (2): 332–345. doi:10.2215/CJN.05000516. PMC 5293332. PMID 27940460.
- ↑ Vivarelli M, Massella L, Ruggiero B, Emma F (February 2017). "Minimal Change Disease". Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 12 (2): 332–345. doi:10.2215/CJN.05000516. PMC 5293332. PMID 27940460.
- ↑ Vivarelli M, Massella L, Ruggiero B, Emma F (February 2017). "Minimal Change Disease". Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 12 (2): 332–345. doi:10.2215/CJN.05000516. PMC 5293332. PMID 27940460.
- ↑ Vivarelli, Marina; Massella, Laura; Ruggiero, Barbara; Emma, Francesco (2017). "Minimal Change Disease". Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 12 (2): 332–345. doi:10.2215/CJN.05000516. ISSN 1555-9041.
- ↑ Vivarelli M, Massella L, Ruggiero B, Emma F (February 2017). "Minimal Change Disease". Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 12 (2): 332–345. doi:10.2215/CJN.05000516. PMC 5293332. PMID 27940460.
- ↑ Vivarelli M, Massella L, Ruggiero B, Emma F (February 2017). "Minimal Change Disease". Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 12 (2): 332–345. doi:10.2215/CJN.05000516. PMC 5293332. PMID 27940460.
- ↑ Waldman M, Crew RJ, Valeri A, Busch J, Stokes B, Markowitz G, D'Agati V, Appel G (May 2007). "Adult minimal-change disease: clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes". Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2 (3): 445–53. doi:10.2215/CJN.03531006. PMID 17699450.