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* Race:Black women have a higher incidence of development of the uterine leiomyosarcoma as compared to the white women.<ref name="pmid12050351">Wysowski DK, Honig SF, Beitz J (2002) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12050351 Uterine sarcoma associated with tamoxifen use.] ''N Engl J Med'' 346 (23):1832-3. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200206063462319 DOI:10.1056/NEJM200206063462319] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/12050351 12050351]</ref> | * Race:Black women have a higher incidence of development of the uterine leiomyosarcoma as compared to the white women.<ref name="pmid12050351">Wysowski DK, Honig SF, Beitz J (2002) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12050351 Uterine sarcoma associated with tamoxifen use.] ''N Engl J Med'' 346 (23):1832-3. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200206063462319 DOI:10.1056/NEJM200206063462319] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/12050351 12050351]</ref> | ||
* Long term use of the tamoxifen: Prolonged use of the tamoxifen esp more than five years has been associated with the increased risk of development of leiomyosarcoma.<ref name="pmid11336777">Mourits MJ, De Vries EG, Willemse PH, Ten Hoor KA, Hollema H, Van der Zee AG (2001) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11336777 Tamoxifen treatment and gynecologic side effects: a review.] ''Obstet Gynecol'' 97 (5 Pt 2):855-66. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/11336777 11336777]</ref> | * Long term use of the tamoxifen: Prolonged use of the tamoxifen esp more than five years has been associated with the increased risk of development of leiomyosarcoma.<ref name="pmid11336777">Mourits MJ, De Vries EG, Willemse PH, Ten Hoor KA, Hollema H, Van der Zee AG (2001) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11336777 Tamoxifen treatment and gynecologic side effects: a review.] ''Obstet Gynecol'' 97 (5 Pt 2):855-66. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/11336777 11336777]</ref> | ||
* History of Pelvic radiations:Pelvic irradiation has been associated with the increased development of the leiomyosarcoma.<ref name="pmid15168177">Fang Z, Matsumoto S, Ae K, Kawaguchi N, Yoshikawa H, Ueda T et al. (2004) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15168177 Postradiation soft tissue sarcoma: a multiinstitutional analysis of 14 cases in Japan.] ''J Orthop Sci'' 9 (3):242-6. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00776-004-0768-5 DOI:10.1007/s00776-004-0768-5] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/15168177 15168177]</ref> | * History of Pelvic radiations:Pelvic irradiation has been associated with the increased development of the leiomyosarcoma.<ref name="pmid15168177">Fang Z, Matsumoto S, Ae K, Kawaguchi N, Yoshikawa H, Ueda T et al. (2004) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15168177 Postradiation soft tissue sarcoma: a multiinstitutional analysis of 14 cases in Japan.] ''J Orthop Sci'' 9 (3):242-6. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00776-004-0768-5 DOI:10.1007/s00776-004-0768-5] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/15168177 15168177]</ref><ref name="pmid25315801">Futuri S, Donohoe K, Spaccavento C, Yudelman I (2014) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25315801 Rectal leiomyosarcoma: a rare and long-term complication of radiation therapy.] ''BMJ Case Rep'' 2014 ():. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2014-205240 DOI:10.1136/bcr-2014-205240] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/25315801 25315801]</ref> | ||
* Certain Hereditary condition like Gardner syndrome, Li-Fraumeni syndrome,Werner syndrome and Neurofibromatosis are associated with the development of leiomyosarcoma. | * Certain Hereditary condition like Gardner syndrome, Li-Fraumeni syndrome,Werner syndrome and Neurofibromatosis are associated with the development of leiomyosarcoma. | ||
* Long term survivors of the Retinoblastoma are at higher risk of developing variety of soft tissue sarcoma.<ref name="pmid19351917">Yu CL, Tucker MA, Abramson DH, Furukawa K, Seddon JM, Stovall M et al. (2009) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19351917 Cause-specific mortality in long-term survivors of retinoblastoma.] ''J Natl Cancer Inst'' 101 (8):581-91. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djp046 DOI:10.1093/jnci/djp046] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/19351917 19351917]</ref> | * Long term survivors of the Retinoblastoma are at higher risk of developing variety of soft tissue sarcoma.<ref name="pmid19351917">Yu CL, Tucker MA, Abramson DH, Furukawa K, Seddon JM, Stovall M et al. (2009) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19351917 Cause-specific mortality in long-term survivors of retinoblastoma.] ''J Natl Cancer Inst'' 101 (8):581-91. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djp046 DOI:10.1093/jnci/djp046] PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/19351917 19351917]</ref> | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Risk Factors
Clinical data has suggested that the development of leiomyosarcoma is related to radiation exposure. Other causes are not known for certain.
Following Risk Fcators found to be associated with the development of the Uterine leiomyosarcoma:
- Age: Leiomyosarcoma can be seen at 20 years of age but mean age at diagnosis is 50-60 years old.
- Race:Black women have a higher incidence of development of the uterine leiomyosarcoma as compared to the white women.[1]
- Long term use of the tamoxifen: Prolonged use of the tamoxifen esp more than five years has been associated with the increased risk of development of leiomyosarcoma.[2]
- History of Pelvic radiations:Pelvic irradiation has been associated with the increased development of the leiomyosarcoma.[3][4]
- Certain Hereditary condition like Gardner syndrome, Li-Fraumeni syndrome,Werner syndrome and Neurofibromatosis are associated with the development of leiomyosarcoma.
- Long term survivors of the Retinoblastoma are at higher risk of developing variety of soft tissue sarcoma.[5]
References
- ↑ Wysowski DK, Honig SF, Beitz J (2002) Uterine sarcoma associated with tamoxifen use. N Engl J Med 346 (23):1832-3. DOI:10.1056/NEJM200206063462319 PMID: 12050351
- ↑ Mourits MJ, De Vries EG, Willemse PH, Ten Hoor KA, Hollema H, Van der Zee AG (2001) Tamoxifen treatment and gynecologic side effects: a review. Obstet Gynecol 97 (5 Pt 2):855-66. PMID: 11336777
- ↑ Fang Z, Matsumoto S, Ae K, Kawaguchi N, Yoshikawa H, Ueda T et al. (2004) Postradiation soft tissue sarcoma: a multiinstitutional analysis of 14 cases in Japan. J Orthop Sci 9 (3):242-6. DOI:10.1007/s00776-004-0768-5 PMID: 15168177
- ↑ Futuri S, Donohoe K, Spaccavento C, Yudelman I (2014) Rectal leiomyosarcoma: a rare and long-term complication of radiation therapy. BMJ Case Rep 2014 ():. DOI:10.1136/bcr-2014-205240 PMID: 25315801
- ↑ Yu CL, Tucker MA, Abramson DH, Furukawa K, Seddon JM, Stovall M et al. (2009) Cause-specific mortality in long-term survivors of retinoblastoma. J Natl Cancer Inst 101 (8):581-91. DOI:10.1093/jnci/djp046 PMID: 19351917