Lead poisoning differential diagnosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aksiniya K. Stevasarova, MD

Overview

Lead poisoning must be differentiated from megaloblastic anemia, carpal tunnel syndrome, Guillain–Barré syndrome, renal colic, appendicitis, encephalitis in adults, and viral gastroenteritis in children., constipation, abdominal colic, iron deficiency, subdural hematoma, neoplasms of the central nervous system, emotional and behavior disorders, and intellectual disability.

Differentiating Lead poisoning from other Diseases

• As lead poisoning manifests in a variety of clinical forms, differentiation must be established in accordance with the particular clinical symptom. For example sideroblastic anemia must be differentiated from other diseases that cause basophilic stippling like megaloblastic anemia.

Preferred Table

Diseases	Clinical manifestations						Para-clinical findings							Gold standard	Additional findings
	Symptoms			colspan="3" rowspan="2" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;	Physical examination
				Lab Findings			Imaging			Histopathology
	basophilic stippling	colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;		Symptom 3	Physical exam 1	colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;	Physical examination 2	Physical exam 3	Lab 1		Lab 2	Lab 3	Imaging 1			Imaging 2	Imaging 3
Megaloblastic anemia
Guillain–Barré syndrome
Encephalitis
Diseases	Symptom 1	Symptom 2	Symptom 3	Physical exam 1	Physical exam 2	Physical exam 3	Lab 1	Lab 2	Lab 3	Imaging 1	Imaging 2	Imaging 3	Histopathology	Gold standard	Additional findings
Intellectual disability
Constipation
Viral gastroenteritis