Cavernous sinus thrombosis classification: Difference between revisions
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==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
* The Jefferson classification and Ishikawa classification has been used to localize cavernous sinus lesions. | * The Jefferson classification and Ishikawa classification has been used to localize cavernous sinus lesions.<ref name="pmid9834610">{{cite journal| author=Yoshihara M, Saito N, Kashima Y, Ishikawa H| title=[Ishikawa's classification of cavernous sinus lesions by clinico-anatomical findings]. | journal=Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi | year= 1998 | volume= 102 | issue= 10 | pages= 673-7 | pmid=9834610 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9834610 }} </ref> | ||
* According to the the location of the intracranial orifice of the optic canal and the entry of the maxillary nerve into the cavernous sinus, lesions may be classified in Ishikawa and Jefferson classification into three groups: | * According to the the location of the intracranial orifice of the optic canal and the entry of the maxillary nerve into the cavernous sinus, lesions may be classified in Ishikawa and Jefferson classification into three groups:<ref name="pmid11485777">{{cite journal| author=Yoshihara M, Saito N, Kashima Y, Ishikawa H| title=The Ishikawa classification of cavernous sinus lesions by clinico-anatomical findings. | journal=Jpn J Ophthalmol | year= 2001 | volume= 45 | issue= 4 | pages= 420-4 | pmid=11485777 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11485777 }} </ref> | ||
**Anterior lesions | **Anterior lesions | ||
**Middle lesions | **Middle lesions | ||
**Posterior lesions | **Posterior lesions | ||
* Although more number of patients could be classified in Ishikawa classification, there is no advantage of Ishikawa classification over Jefferson with regard to determination of etiology of cavernous sinus lesions. | * Although more number of patients could be classified in Ishikawa classification, there is no advantage of Ishikawa classification over Jefferson with regard to determination of etiology of cavernous sinus lesions.<ref name="pmid28163507">{{cite journal| author=Bhatkar S, Goyal MK, Takkar A, Modi M, Mukherjee KK, Singh P et al.| title=Which Classification of Cavernous Sinus Syndrome is Better - Ishikawa or Jefferson? A Prospective Study of 73 Patients. | journal=J Neurosci Rural Pract | year= 2016 | volume= 7 | issue= Suppl 1 | pages= S68-S71 | pmid=28163507 | doi=10.4103/0976-3147.196448 | pmc=5244064 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28163507 }} </ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== |
Revision as of 15:13, 18 June 2018
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Cavernous sinus thrombosis classification On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamadmostafa Jahansouz M.D.[2]
Overview
By the Jefferson classification, 11% of the 162 patients had the anterior type of lesion, 12% the middle, 8% the posterior type, and 69% the unclassifiable type. However, by the Ishikawa classification, 35% had the anterior type, 10% the middle type, 22% the posterior type, 5% the whole type, and 28% the unclassifiable type of lesion. Furthermore, the Ishikawa classification revealed that the etiology of the anterior type was mainly inflammation, and that the etiology of the posterior and whole types was tumors.
[Disease name] may be classified according to Jefferson classification into [number] subtypes/groups: [group1], [group2], [group3], and [group4].
OR
[Disease name] may be classified into [large number > 6] subtypes based on [classification method 1], [classification method 2], and [classification method 3]. [Disease name] may be classified into several subtypes based on [classification method 1], [classification method 2], and [classification method 3].
OR
Based on the duration of symptoms, [disease name] may be classified as either acute or chronic.
OR
If the staging system involves specific and characteristic findings and features: According to the [staging system + reference], there are [number] stages of [malignancy name] based on the [finding1], [finding2], and [finding3]. Each stage is assigned a [letter/number1] and a [letter/number2] that designate the [feature1] and [feature2].
OR
The staging of [malignancy name] is based on the [staging system].
OR
There is no established system for the staging of [malignancy name].
Classification
- The Jefferson classification and Ishikawa classification has been used to localize cavernous sinus lesions.[1]
- According to the the location of the intracranial orifice of the optic canal and the entry of the maxillary nerve into the cavernous sinus, lesions may be classified in Ishikawa and Jefferson classification into three groups:[2]
- Anterior lesions
- Middle lesions
- Posterior lesions
- Although more number of patients could be classified in Ishikawa classification, there is no advantage of Ishikawa classification over Jefferson with regard to determination of etiology of cavernous sinus lesions.[3]
References
- ↑ Yoshihara M, Saito N, Kashima Y, Ishikawa H (1998). "[Ishikawa's classification of cavernous sinus lesions by clinico-anatomical findings]". Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi. 102 (10): 673–7. PMID 9834610.
- ↑ Yoshihara M, Saito N, Kashima Y, Ishikawa H (2001). "The Ishikawa classification of cavernous sinus lesions by clinico-anatomical findings". Jpn J Ophthalmol. 45 (4): 420–4. PMID 11485777.
- ↑ Bhatkar S, Goyal MK, Takkar A, Modi M, Mukherjee KK, Singh P; et al. (2016). "Which Classification of Cavernous Sinus Syndrome is Better - Ishikawa or Jefferson? A Prospective Study of 73 Patients". J Neurosci Rural Pract. 7 (Suppl 1): S68–S71. doi:10.4103/0976-3147.196448. PMC 5244064. PMID 28163507.