Hypocalcemia history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Clinical presentation of [[hypocalcemia]] reflects the serum level of [[ionized]] [[calcium]] and depends on the severity of any concurrent [[electrolyte imbalance]]. | Clinical presentation of [[hypocalcemia]] reflects the serum level of [[ionized]] [[calcium]] and depends on the severity of any concurrent [[electrolyte imbalance]]. Overt symptoms occur when ionized [[calcium]] falls below 3.2 mg/dL (0.8 mmol/L).An abrupt fall in the [[serum]] calcium level typically manifests as [[neuromuscular]] excitability in the form of [[tetany]] and [[tingling]]. Patients who develop hypocalcemia gradually may be asymptomatic.In addition to [[fatigue]] and [[muscle weakness]], longstanding hypocalcemia is usually associated with [[neuropsychiatric]] symptoms. | ||
An abrupt fall in the [[serum]] calcium level typically manifests as [[neuromuscular]] excitability in the form of [[tetany]] and [[tingling]]. Patients who develop hypocalcemia gradually may be asymptomatic. | |||
In addition to [[fatigue]] and [[muscle weakness]], longstanding hypocalcemia is usually associated with [[neuropsychiatric]] symptoms. | |||
==History and Symptoms== | ==History and Symptoms== | ||
| Line 14: | Line 10: | ||
===Common Symptoms=== | ===Common Symptoms=== | ||
Common symptoms of [[hypocalcemia]] include: | Common symptoms of [[hypocalcemia]] include:<ref>{{Cite journal| doi = 10.1136/bmj.39582.589433.BE| issn = 1756-1833| volume = 336| issue = 7656| pages = 1298–1302| last1 = Cooper| first1 = Mark S.| last2 = Gittoes| first2 = Neil J. L.| title = Diagnosis and management of hypocalcaemia| journal = BMJ (Clinical research ed.)| date = 2008-06-07| pmid = 18535072| pmc = PMC2413335}}</ref> | ||
'''Neuromuscular Excitability''' | '''Neuromuscular Excitability''' | ||
Revision as of 19:32, 27 June 2018
|
Hypocalcemia Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Hypocalcemia history and symptoms On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hypocalcemia history and symptoms |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Hypocalcemia history and symptoms |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Clinical presentation of hypocalcemia reflects the serum level of ionized calcium and depends on the severity of any concurrent electrolyte imbalance. Overt symptoms occur when ionized calcium falls below 3.2 mg/dL (0.8 mmol/L).An abrupt fall in the serum calcium level typically manifests as neuromuscular excitability in the form of tetany and tingling. Patients who develop hypocalcemia gradually may be asymptomatic.In addition to fatigue and muscle weakness, longstanding hypocalcemia is usually associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms.
History and Symptoms
- The majority of patients with mild hypocalcemia are asymptomatic
Common Symptoms
Common symptoms of hypocalcemia include:[1]
Neuromuscular Excitability
- Tetany: which is hallmark of acute hypocalcemia
- Paresthesias or tingling
- Muscle spasms: Muscle twitching and cramping
Central Nervous System Features
Cardiovascular Features
Pulmonary
Less Common Symptoms
Less common symptoms of hypocalcemia include
- Cognitive deficits
- Extrapyramidal symptoms
- Dermatitis
- Dry skin
- Brittle nails
References
- ↑ Cooper, Mark S.; Gittoes, Neil J. L. (2008-06-07). "Diagnosis and management of hypocalcaemia". BMJ (Clinical research ed.). 336 (7656): 1298–1302. doi:10.1136/bmj.39582.589433.BE. ISSN 1756-1833. PMC 2413335. PMID 18535072.