Sideroblastic anemia classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nazia Fuad M.D.

Classification

Sideroblastic anemia may be classified according to its etiology into two groups:

• Congenital
• Acquired

Congenital sideroblastic anaemias
X-linked	X-linked sideroblastic anaemia (XLSA) X-linked sideroblastic anaemia with ataxia (XLSA/A)
Autosomal	Glutaredoxin-5 deficiency Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anaemia (TRMA) Associated with erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) Myopathy, lactic acidosis and sideroblastic anaemia (MLASA)
Mitochondrial DNA	Pearson syndrome

Acquired sideroblastic anaemias
Acquired reversible SA	Alcoholism Drugs (chloramphenicol, isoniazid) Copper deficiency (nutritional, zinc-induced, copper chelation) Vit B-6 deficiency
Acquired clonal SA	Refractory anaemia with ring sideroblasts (RARS) Refractory anaemia with multilineage dysplasia and ring sideroblasts (RCMD) Refractory anaemia with ring sideroblasts and thrombocytosis (RARS-T)