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{{Sideroblastic anemia}}
{{Sideroblastic anemia}}
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==Overview==
==Overview==


==Natural History==
==Natural History==
* Majority of patients of sideroblastic anemia at the time of diagnosis shows erythroid abnormalities and ineffective erythropoiesis,
* Majority of patients of sideroblastic anemia at the time of diagnosis shows [[erythroid]] abnormalities and ineffective [[erythropoiesis]],
* Granulocytic and/or megakaryocytic cell lines involvement is also common.
* [[Granulocytic]] and [[megakaryocytic]] cell lines involvement is also common.
* In the initial stages bone marrow reveal erythroid expansion with ineffective erythropoiesis
* In the initial stages bone marrow reveal erythroid expansion with ineffective [[erythropoiesis]]
* Progression to bone marrow failure occurs in the course of the disease
* Progression to [[bone marrow failure]] occurs in the course of the disease
* The next phase in natural history of sideroblastic anemia is iron overload and evolution to nonlymphocytic leukemia
* The next phase in natural history of sideroblastic anemia is [[iron]] overload and evolution to [[nonlymphocytic leukemia]]
* The most common causes of death are related to complications of iron overload and evolution into ANLL..<ref name="pmid3337899">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cazzola M, Barosi G, Gobbi PG, Invernizzi R, Riccardi A, Ascari E |title=Natural history of idiopathic refractory sideroblastic anemia |journal=Blood |volume=71 |issue=2 |pages=305–12 |date=February 1988 |pmid=3337899 |doi= |url=}}</ref>  
* The most common causes of death are related to complications of iron overload and evolution into ANLL..<ref name="pmid3337899">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cazzola M, Barosi G, Gobbi PG, Invernizzi R, Riccardi A, Ascari E |title=Natural history of [[idiopathic]] refractory sideroblastic anemia |journal=Blood |volume=71 |issue=2 |pages=305–12 |date=February 1988 |pmid=3337899 |doi= |url=}}</ref>  


==Complications==
==Complications==
Common complications of sideroblastic anemia include
Common complications of sideroblastic anemia include
* Secondry hemochromatosis
* [[Secondry hemochromatosis]]
* Thrombocytopenia
* [[Thrombocytopenia]]
* Growth retardation
* [[Growth retardation]]
* Blindness
* [[Blindness]]
* Deafness
* [[Deafness]]
* Ineffective erythropoiesis
* [[Ineffective erythropoiesis]]


==Prognosis==
==Prognosis==
* Depending on the type of sideroblastic anemia the prognosis may vary. However, the prognosis is generally regarded as good<ref name="pmid3337899" />.
* Depending on the type of sideroblastic anemia the prognosis may vary. However, the [[prognosis]] is generally regarded as good<ref name="pmid3337899" />.
* Sideroblastic anemia secondry to drugs or alcohol as underlying cause is associated with the most favorable prognosis.
* Sideroblastic anemia secondry to drugs or alcohol as underlying cause is associated with the most favorable prognosis.
* (5-10%) of Severe refractory sideroblastic anemias associated with MDS undergo leukemic transformation.
* (5-10%) of Severe refractory sideroblastic anemias associated with MDS undergo leukemic transformation.
* AML markedly reduce life expectancy
* AML markedly reduce life expectancy
* Patients who do not need  blood transfusions are  likely to be long-term survivors.
* Patients who do not need  [[blood transfusions]] are  likely to be long-term survivors.
* The transfusion dependent are at risk of death from the complications of secondary hemochromatosis. .
* The transfusion dependent are at risk of death from the complications of secondary [[hemochromatosis]].  


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 16:43, 7 August 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nazia Fuad M.D.


Overview

Natural History

  • Majority of patients of sideroblastic anemia at the time of diagnosis shows erythroid abnormalities and ineffective erythropoiesis,
  • Granulocytic and megakaryocytic cell lines involvement is also common.
  • In the initial stages bone marrow reveal erythroid expansion with ineffective erythropoiesis
  • Progression to bone marrow failure occurs in the course of the disease
  • The next phase in natural history of sideroblastic anemia is iron overload and evolution to nonlymphocytic leukemia
  • The most common causes of death are related to complications of iron overload and evolution into ANLL..[1]

Complications

Common complications of sideroblastic anemia include

Prognosis

  • Depending on the type of sideroblastic anemia the prognosis may vary. However, the prognosis is generally regarded as good[1].
  • Sideroblastic anemia secondry to drugs or alcohol as underlying cause is associated with the most favorable prognosis.
  • (5-10%) of Severe refractory sideroblastic anemias associated with MDS undergo leukemic transformation.
  • AML markedly reduce life expectancy
  • Patients who do not need blood transfusions are likely to be long-term survivors.
  • The transfusion dependent are at risk of death from the complications of secondary hemochromatosis.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Cazzola M, Barosi G, Gobbi PG, Invernizzi R, Riccardi A, Ascari E (February 1988). "Natural history of idiopathic refractory sideroblastic anemia". Blood. 71 (2): 305–12. PMID 3337899.

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