Disseminated intravascular coagulation laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of [[DIC]] include decreased platelets, [[fibrin degradation products]] or [[D-dimer]] tests (markers of [[fibrinolysis]]), [[bleeding time]] and [[fibrinogen]] levels. Peripheral smear shows [[schistocytes]] and [[RBC]] fragments in ~ 50%, mild [[reticulocytosis]], [[leukocytosis]], and [[thrombocytopenia]] with an increased population of young [[platelets]] (due to increased destruction and turnover). Clotting factors include normal [[prothrombin time]] and [[partial thromboplastin time]] in up to 50% of patients (due to higher circulating levels of [[clotting factors]] such as [[factor Xa]] and [[thrombin]]), elevated [[fibrin]] and [[fibrinogen]] degradation products. [[D-dimer]] more sensitive and specific for [[DIC]]. [[Antithrombin]] levels have become a key test for diagnosing and monitoring therapy in [[DIC]]. | |||
==Laboratory findings== | ==Laboratory findings== | ||
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of [[DIC]] include:<ref name="pmid25535423">{{cite journal |vauthors=Venugopal A |title=Disseminated intravascular coagulation |journal=Indian J Anaesth |volume=58 |issue=5 |pages=603–8 |date=September 2014 |pmid=25535423 |pmc=4260307 |doi=10.4103/0019-5049.144666 |url=}}</ref> | Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of [[DIC]] include:<ref name="pmid25535423">{{cite journal |vauthors=Venugopal A |title=Disseminated intravascular coagulation |journal=Indian J Anaesth |volume=58 |issue=5 |pages=603–8 |date=September 2014 |pmid=25535423 |pmc=4260307 |doi=10.4103/0019-5049.144666 |url=}}</ref> | ||
Revision as of 17:21, 19 September 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of DIC include decreased platelets, fibrin degradation products or D-dimer tests (markers of fibrinolysis), bleeding time and fibrinogen levels. Peripheral smear shows schistocytes and RBC fragments in ~ 50%, mild reticulocytosis, leukocytosis, and thrombocytopenia with an increased population of young platelets (due to increased destruction and turnover). Clotting factors include normal prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time in up to 50% of patients (due to higher circulating levels of clotting factors such as factor Xa and thrombin), elevated fibrin and fibrinogen degradation products. D-dimer more sensitive and specific for DIC. Antithrombin levels have become a key test for diagnosing and monitoring therapy in DIC.
Laboratory findings
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of DIC include:[1]
Full blood count:
- Decreased platelets
- fibrin degradation products or D-dimer tests (markers of fibrinolysis)[2]
- bleeding time and fibrinogen levels.
Peripheral smear
- Schistocytes and RBC fragments in ~ 50%
- Mild reticulocytosis
- Leukocytosis
- Thrombocytopenia with an increased population of young platelets (due to increased destruction and turnover)
Clotting factors
- Normal prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time in up to 50% of patients (due to higher circulating levels of clotting factors such as factor Xa and thrombin)[3]
- Elevated fibrin and fibrinogen degradation products
- D-dimer more sensitive and specific for DIC.][4]
- Antithrombin levels have become a key test for diagnosing and monitoring therapy in DIC.
- Reduced Antithrombin levels.
References
- ↑ Venugopal A (September 2014). "Disseminated intravascular coagulation". Indian J Anaesth. 58 (5): 603–8. doi:10.4103/0019-5049.144666. PMC 4260307. PMID 25535423.
- ↑ Meriwether WD, Thompson JN (May 1971). "Laboratory diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) using simple laboratory tests". South. Med. J. 64 (5): 621–3. PMID 5573083.
- ↑ Favaloro EJ (June 2010). "Laboratory testing in disseminated intravascular coagulation". Semin. Thromb. Hemost. 36 (4): 458–67. doi:10.1055/s-0030-1254055. PMID 20614398.
- ↑ Levi M, Meijers JC (January 2011). "DIC: which laboratory tests are most useful". Blood Rev. 25 (1): 33–7. doi:10.1016/j.blre.2010.09.002. PMID 20950905.