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==Overview==
==Overview==


==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
ACD is considered the second most common cause of anemia worldwide, after iron deficiency [10]. However, detailed statistics on its prevalence are not available. Often the anemia in individuals with inflammatory diseases is complex and multifactorial, and it may be challenging to separate out the component due to ACD. This is especially true in patients with diabetes. Examples of the prevalence of ACD in various inflammatory states include the following:


●Anemia is observed in 33 to 60 percent of patients with rheumatoid arthritis [69]
30 to 60 percent of patients in rheumatoid arthritis patients have anemia<ref name="pmid23147894">{{cite journal |vauthors=Weiss G, Schett G |title=Anaemia in inflammatory rheumatic diseases |journal=Nat Rev Rheumatol |volume=9 |issue=4 |pages=205–15 |date=April 2013 |pmid=23147894 |doi=10.1038/nrrheum.2012.183 |url=}}</ref>


●Cancer-related anemia occurs in more than 30 percent of the cases at diagnosis [70]; the rate reached 63 percent in an observational study on 888 consecutive cancers [71]. However, cancer-related anemia is multifactorial and includes types of anemia other than ACD (eg, iron deficiency anemia). Anemia is even more common in hematologic malignancies as lymphoma and multiple myeloma [72]. (See "Hematologic complications of malignancy: Anemia and bleeding".)
More than 30 of cancer patients have anemia. The rate reached 63 percent<ref name="pmid25239265">{{cite journal |vauthors=Macciò A, Madeddu C, Gramignano G, Mulas C, Tanca L, Cherchi MC, Floris C, Omoto I, Barracca A, Ganz T |title=The role of inflammation, iron, and nutritional status in cancer-related anemia: results of a large, prospective, observational study |journal=Haematologica |volume=100 |issue=1 |pages=124–32 |date=January 2015 |pmid=25239265 |pmc=4281325 |doi=10.3324/haematol.2014.112813 |url=}}</ref>.


●ACD accounts for about one-third of the cases of anemia of the elderly because of concomitant inflammatory conditions or chronic kidney diseases. (See "Anemia in the older adult".)
In elderly patients, about one third of the cases of anemia are ACD.  
==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}

Revision as of 15:45, 1 October 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omer Kamal, M.D.[2]

Overview

Epidemiology and Demographics

30 to 60 percent of patients in rheumatoid arthritis patients have anemia[1]

More than 30 of cancer patients have anemia. The rate reached 63 percent[2].

In elderly patients, about one third of the cases of anemia are ACD.

References

  1. Weiss G, Schett G (April 2013). "Anaemia in inflammatory rheumatic diseases". Nat Rev Rheumatol. 9 (4): 205–15. doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2012.183. PMID 23147894.
  2. Macciò A, Madeddu C, Gramignano G, Mulas C, Tanca L, Cherchi MC, Floris C, Omoto I, Barracca A, Ganz T (January 2015). "The role of inflammation, iron, and nutritional status in cancer-related anemia: results of a large, prospective, observational study". Haematologica. 100 (1): 124–32. doi:10.3324/haematol.2014.112813. PMC 4281325. PMID 25239265.


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