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MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of hemophilia. Findings on MRI suggestive of hemophilic arthropathy include effusion, synovial hyperplasia, erosion, subchondral cyst, cartilage loss, osteonecrosis, fibrocartilage tear, ligament tear, loose body.
MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of hemophilia. Findings on MRI suggestive of hemophilic arthropathy include effusion, synovial hyperplasia, erosion, subchondral cyst, cartilage loss, osteonecrosis, fibrocartilage tear, ligament tear, loose body.
==MRI==
==MRI==
===Additive European MRI scoring system===
'''The additive European MRI scoring system'''<ref name="pmid15230954">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lundin B, Pettersson H, Ljung R |title=A new magnetic resonance imaging scoring method for assessment of haemophilic arthropathy |journal=Haemophilia |volume=10 |issue=4 |pages=383–9 |date=July 2004 |pmid=15230954 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2516.2004.00902.x |url=}}</ref>
'''The additive European MRI scoring system'''<ref name="pmid15230954">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lundin B, Pettersson H, Ljung R |title=A new magnetic resonance imaging scoring method for assessment of haemophilic arthropathy |journal=Haemophilia |volume=10 |issue=4 |pages=383–9 |date=July 2004 |pmid=15230954 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2516.2004.00902.x |url=}}</ref>
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px; width:680px"
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px; width:680px"
Line 87: Line 88:
*Large    =  4
*Large    =  4


|-
|}
===Progressive Denver MRI scoring system===
'''The progressive Denver MRI scoring system'''<ref name="pmid10792474">{{cite journal |vauthors=Nuss R, Kilcoyne RF, Geraghty S, Shroyer AL, Rosky JW, Mawhinney S, Wiedel J, Manco-Johnson M |title=MRI findings in haemophilic joints treated with radiosynoviorthesis with development of an MRI scale of joint damage |journal=Haemophilia |volume=6 |issue=3 |pages=162–9 |date=May 2000 |pmid=10792474 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px; width:380px"
| valign="top" |
|+
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Type of change}}
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 180px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Findings and Score}}
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" align="center" |Effusion
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Absent = 0
*Small = 1
*Moderate = 2
*Large = 3
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" align="center" |Hemarthrosis
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Absent = 0
*Small = 1
*Moderate = 2
*Large = 3
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" align="center" |Synovial hyperplasia
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Absent = 0
*Small = 4
*Moderate = 5
*Large = 6
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" align="center" |Hemosiderin
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Absent = 0
*Small = 4
*Moderate = 5
*Large = 6
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" align="center" |Erosion
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Absent = 0
*Partial-surface erosion = 7
*Full-surface erosion = 8
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" align="center" |Subchondral cyst
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Absent = 0
*1 cyst = 7
*>1 cyst = 8
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" align="center" |Cartilage loss
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Absent = 0
*>50% loss = 9
*≥ 50% loss = 10
|-
|}
'''Ancillary findings of Denver MRI scale'''<ref name="pmid10792474">{{cite journal |vauthors=Nuss R, Kilcoyne RF, Geraghty S, Shroyer AL, Rosky JW, Mawhinney S, Wiedel J, Manco-Johnson M |title=MRI findings in haemophilic joints treated with radiosynoviorthesis with development of an MRI scale of joint damage |journal=Haemophilia |volume=6 |issue=3 |pages=162–9 |date=May 2000 |pmid=10792474 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px; width:250px"
| valign="top" |
|+
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Type of change}}
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 50px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Finding}}
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" align="center" |Effusion
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Absent
*Present
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;font-weight: bold" align="center" |Osteonecrosis
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Absent
*Present
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" align="center" |Fibrocartilage tear
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Absent
*Present
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" align="center" |Ligament tear
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Absent
*Present
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" align="center" |Loose body
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |
*Absent
*Present
|-
|-
|}
|}

Revision as of 00:00, 23 January 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sabawoon Mirwais, M.B.B.S, M.D.[2]

Overview

MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of hemophilia. Findings on MRI suggestive of hemophilic arthropathy include effusion, synovial hyperplasia, erosion, subchondral cyst, cartilage loss, osteonecrosis, fibrocartilage tear, ligament tear, loose body.

MRI

Additive European MRI scoring system

The additive European MRI scoring system[1]

Type of change Score

Subchondral cysts

  • Present in at least one bone
  • Present in at least two bones
  • More than three cysts in at least one bone
  • More than three cysts in at least two bones
  • Largest size > 4 mm in at least one bone
  • Largest size > 4 mm in at least two bones


  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1

Irregularity/erosion of subchondral cortex

  • Present in at least one bone
  • Present in at least two bones
  • Involves more than half of joint surface in at least one bone
  • Involves more than half of joint surface in at least two bones


  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1

Chondral destruction

  • Present in at least one bone
  • Present in at least two bones
  • Full-thickness defect in at least one bone
  • Full-thickness defect in at least two bones
  • Full-thickness defect involves more than one-third of joint surface in at least one bone
  • Full-thickness defect involves more than one-third of joint surface in at least two bones


  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
Effusion/hemarthrosis
  • Absent = 0
  • Equivocal = 1
  • Small = 2
  • Moderate = 3
  • Large = 4
Synovial hypertrophy
  • Absent = 0
  • Equivocal = 1
  • Small = 2
  • Moderate = 3
  • Large = 4
Hemosiderin
  • Absent = 0
  • Equivocal = 1
  • Small = 2
  • Moderate = 3
  • Large = 4

Progressive Denver MRI scoring system

The progressive Denver MRI scoring system[2]

Type of change Findings and Score
Effusion
  • Absent = 0
  • Small = 1
  • Moderate = 2
  • Large = 3
Hemarthrosis
  • Absent = 0
  • Small = 1
  • Moderate = 2
  • Large = 3
Synovial hyperplasia
  • Absent = 0
  • Small = 4
  • Moderate = 5
  • Large = 6
Hemosiderin
  • Absent = 0
  • Small = 4
  • Moderate = 5
  • Large = 6
Erosion
  • Absent = 0
  • Partial-surface erosion = 7
  • Full-surface erosion = 8
Subchondral cyst
  • Absent = 0
  • 1 cyst = 7
  • >1 cyst = 8
Cartilage loss
  • Absent = 0
  • >50% loss = 9
  • ≥ 50% loss = 10

Ancillary findings of Denver MRI scale[2]

Type of change Finding
Effusion
  • Absent
  • Present
Osteonecrosis
  • Absent
  • Present
Fibrocartilage tear
  • Absent
  • Present
Ligament tear
  • Absent
  • Present
Loose body
  • Absent
  • Present

References

  1. ↑ Lundin B, Pettersson H, Ljung R (July 2004). "A new magnetic resonance imaging scoring method for assessment of haemophilic arthropathy". Haemophilia. 10 (4): 383–9. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2516.2004.00902.x. PMID 15230954.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nuss R, Kilcoyne RF, Geraghty S, Shroyer AL, Rosky JW, Mawhinney S, Wiedel J, Manco-Johnson M (May 2000). "MRI findings in haemophilic joints treated with radiosynoviorthesis with development of an MRI scale of joint damage". Haemophilia. 6 (3): 162–9. PMID 10792474.

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