Cervical cancer epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
Nima Nasiri (talk | contribs) |
Nima Nasiri (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
According to Centers for disease control and prevention( CDC) , cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States after heart disease. One of every four deaths in the United States is due to cancer. Cervical cancer once was one of leading cause of mortality and cancer related death in women worldwide and in US, over the past 50 years, regular Pap smear screening caused significant drop in incidence and mortality rate of cervical cancer. In terms of freuency, it is ranked 14th now in US but still is very common in least developed countries. In United State, servical cancer is more common among Hispanics, African-Americans, Asians and pascific islanders, and followed by whites. Native Alaskans and Indians have the lowest rate. Age of diagnosis is usually above 30 years old, in their midlife. Number of new cases of cervical cancer was 7.4 per 100,000 women per year and number of deaths was 2.3 per 100,000 women per year based on statistical datas collected on 2015. According to the American Cancer Society, estimates for cervical cancer in the United States for 2018 are: About 13,240 new cases of invasive cervical cancer will be diagnosed and about 4,170 women will die from cervical cancer. Based on recent CDC datas, States with highest rates of cervical cancers are Arkansas(10.4%), Louisiana(9.8%), Alabama(9.4%), Kentucky(9.4%), Texas(9.1%), Mississippi(9.1%), Kansas(9.0%), D.C(8.9%), Florida(8.7%), Nevada(8.7%). | |||
__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Cervical cancer}} | {{Cervical cancer}} | ||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
* | * | ||
Revision as of 15:41, 11 February 2019
According to Centers for disease control and prevention( CDC) , cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States after heart disease. One of every four deaths in the United States is due to cancer. Cervical cancer once was one of leading cause of mortality and cancer related death in women worldwide and in US, over the past 50 years, regular Pap smear screening caused significant drop in incidence and mortality rate of cervical cancer. In terms of freuency, it is ranked 14th now in US but still is very common in least developed countries. In United State, servical cancer is more common among Hispanics, African-Americans, Asians and pascific islanders, and followed by whites. Native Alaskans and Indians have the lowest rate. Age of diagnosis is usually above 30 years old, in their midlife. Number of new cases of cervical cancer was 7.4 per 100,000 women per year and number of deaths was 2.3 per 100,000 women per year based on statistical datas collected on 2015. According to the American Cancer Society, estimates for cervical cancer in the United States for 2018 are: About 13,240 new cases of invasive cervical cancer will be diagnosed and about 4,170 women will die from cervical cancer. Based on recent CDC datas, States with highest rates of cervical cancers are Arkansas(10.4%), Louisiana(9.8%), Alabama(9.4%), Kentucky(9.4%), Texas(9.1%), Mississippi(9.1%), Kansas(9.0%), D.C(8.9%), Florida(8.7%), Nevada(8.7%).
|
Cervical cancer Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Cervical cancer epidemiology and demographics On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Cervical cancer epidemiology and demographics |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Cervical cancer epidemiology and demographics |
Epidemiology and Demographics
API: Asian/Pacific Islander; AI/AN: American Indian/ Alaska Native
Developed Countries
- As recently as the 1940s, cervical cancer was a major cause of death among women of childbearing age in the United States. However, with the introduction in the 1950s of the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear, a simple test in which a sample of cervical cells is examined under a microscope to detect cellular abnormalities, the incidence of invasive cervical cancer declined dramatically. Between 1955 and 1992, U.S. cervical cancer incidence and death rates declined by more than 60%. Once one of the most common cancers affecting U.S. women, cervical cancer now ranks 14th in frequency. Because precancerous lesions found by Pap smears can be treated and cured before they develop into cancer, and because cervical cancer is often detected before it becomes advanced, the incidence and death rates for this disease are relatively low.[1]
- In certain populations and geographic areas of the United States, cervical cancer incidence and death rates are still high, due in large part to limited access to cervical cancer screening.[1]
- In the United Kingdom, cervical cancer ranks 12 among the different types of cancer in women, and ranks third in gynecological cancer after ovarian cancer and uterine cancer. Among women less than 35 years of age in the United Kingdom, cervical cancer is the most common type of cancer.[2]
Developing Countries
In developing nations, cervical cancer is often the most common cause of cancer-related death among women and a leading cause of death overall.[1] Rates of cervical cancer are high in developing nations, where more than 80% of cervical cancer cases occur.[1]
Percent Distribution of Cervical Cancer by Histology
Among patients with histologically confirmed cases of cervical cancer, the percent distribution of the types of the disease between 2007 and 2011 in the United States are:[3]
- Carcinoma: 98.1%
- Epidermoid carcinoma: 66.1%
- Squamous cell carcinoma: 45.2%
- Squamous cell, keratinizing: 7.1%
- Squamous cell, non keratinizing: 8.9%
- Squamous cell, microinvasive: 3.3%
- Other: 1.5%
- Adenocarcinoma: 27,7%
- Adenocarcinoma no otherwise specified: 14.5%
- Adenosquamous: 3.7%
- Other adenocarcinoma: 9.5%
- Other specific carcinoma: 1.5%
- Unspecified carcinoma: 2.9%
- Epidermoid carcinoma: 66.1%
- Sarcoma: 0.4%
- Other specific types: 1%
- Unspecified: 0.6%
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Cancer advances in focus. Cervical cancer. national cancer institute
- ↑ http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/cancer-info/cancerstats/keyfacts/cervical-cancer/ Cancer Research UK. Cervical cancer key facts.]
- ↑ Howlader N, Noone AM, Krapcho M, Garshell J, Miller D, Altekruse SF, Kosary CL, Yu M, Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z,Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2011, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, http://seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2011/, based on November 2013 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site, April 2014.