Rhabdomyosarcoma natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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** Secondary malignancies | ** Secondary malignancies | ||
*** Skin and bone tumors regarding radiotherapy | *** Skin and bone tumors regarding radiotherapy | ||
* Recurrent rhabdomyosarcoma is prevalent among patients with following criteria:<ref name="pmid23418028">{{cite journal| author=Dantonello TM, Int-Veen C, Schuck A, Seitz G, Leuschner I, Nathrath M et al.| title=Survival following disease recurrence of primary localized alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. | journal=Pediatr Blood Cancer | year= 2013 | volume= 60 | issue= 8 | pages= 1267-73 | pmid=23418028 | doi=10.1002/pbc.24488 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23418028 }} </ref> | |||
** Presence of gross residual disease after initial surgery located in unfavorable sites | |||
** lymphnodeinvolvement (N1) | |||
** Tumor size > 5cm | |||
** Age< 10 years | |||
** Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma | |||
** Distant metastatic at diagnosis | |||
* Long-term complications after treatment regarding to different organs are listed below: | * Long-term complications after treatment regarding to different organs are listed below: | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
Revision as of 17:11, 20 February 2019
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shadan Mehraban, M.D.[2]
Overview
Common complications of rhabdomyosarcoma include metastasis to lung, bone marrow, and bone. Rhabdomyosarcoma is associated with a 5 year survival rate of 72%. The presence of metastasis is associated with a particularly poor prognosis. Histologically, the embryonal type rhabdomyosarcoma and anatomically, the orbital and genitourinary tract rhabdomyosarcomas have the most favorable prognosis.
Complications
- Rhabdomyosarcoma may cause metastasis to other organs.[1]
- Patients may develop with some complications after treatment such as:[5]
- Cardiomyopathy
- Regarding anthracycline and cyclophosphamide use
- Pulmonary failure
- Renal electrolyte wasting
- Regarding ifosfamide use
- Acute myelogenous leukemia
- Regarding etoposide use
- Secondary malignancies
- Skin and bone tumors regarding radiotherapy
- Cardiomyopathy
- Recurrent rhabdomyosarcoma is prevalent among patients with following criteria:[6]
- Presence of gross residual disease after initial surgery located in unfavorable sites
- lymphnodeinvolvement (N1)
- Tumor size > 5cm
- Age< 10 years
- Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma
- Distant metastatic at diagnosis
- Long-term complications after treatment regarding to different organs are listed below:
| Affected organs | Long-term complications |
|---|---|
| Head and neck problems[7][8][9] |
|
| Bladder and bowl problems [10][11] | Bladder:
Bowl:
|
| Eye problems[12] |
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| Dental and facial problems[13][14] |
|
Prognosis
- Rhabdomyosarcoma is associated with a 5 year survival rate of 72%.
- The presence of metastasis is associated with a particularly poor prognosis among patients with rhabdomyosarcoma. The 5 year event free survival rate is less than 30%.
- Histologically, the embryonal type rhabdomyosarcoma and anatomically, the orbital and genitourinary tract rhabdomyosarcomas have the most favorable prognosis.
References
- ↑ Raney RB, Tefft M, Maurer HM, Ragab AH, Hays DM, Soule EH; et al. (1988). "Disease patterns and survival rate in children with metastatic soft-tissue sarcoma. A report from the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS)-I". Cancer. 62 (7): 1257–66. PMID 2843274.
- ↑ Koscielniak E, Rodary C, Flamant F, Carli M, Treuner J, Pinkerton CR; et al. (1992). "Metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma and histologically similar tumors in childhood: a retrospective European multi-center analysis". Med Pediatr Oncol. 20 (3): 209–14. PMID 1574030.
- ↑ Ruymann FB, Newton WA, Ragab AH, Donaldson MH, Foulkes M (1984). "Bone marrow metastases at diagnosis in children and adolescents with rhabdomyosarcoma. A report from the intergroup rhabdomyosarcoma study". Cancer. 53 (2): 368–73. PMID 6546301.
- ↑ Breneman JC, Lyden E, Pappo AS, Link MP, Anderson JR, Parham DM; et al. (2003). "Prognostic factors and clinical outcomes in children and adolescents with metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma--a report from the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study IV". J Clin Oncol. 21 (1): 78–84. doi:10.1200/JCO.2003.06.129. PMID 12506174.
- ↑ Punyko JA, Mertens AC, Gurney JG, Yasui Y, Donaldson SS, Rodeberg DA; et al. (2005). "Long-term medical effects of childhood and adolescent rhabdomyosarcoma: a report from the childhood cancer survivor study". Pediatr Blood Cancer. 44 (7): 643–53. doi:10.1002/pbc.20310. PMID 15700252.
- ↑ Dantonello TM, Int-Veen C, Schuck A, Seitz G, Leuschner I, Nathrath M; et al. (2013). "Survival following disease recurrence of primary localized alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma". Pediatr Blood Cancer. 60 (8): 1267–73. doi:10.1002/pbc.24488. PMID 23418028.
- ↑ Raney RB, Asmar L, Vassilopoulou-Sellin R, Klein MJ, Donaldson SS, Green J; et al. (1999). "Late complications of therapy in 213 children with localized, nonorbital soft-tissue sarcoma of the head and neck: A descriptive report from the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Studies (IRS)-II and - III. IRS Group of the Children's Cancer Group and the Pediatric Oncology Group". Med Pediatr Oncol. 33 (4): 362–71. PMID 10491544.
- ↑ Katz JR, Bareille P, Levitt G, Stanhope R (2001). "Growth hormone and segmental growth in survivors of head and neck embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma". Arch Dis Child. 84 (5): 436–9. PMC 1718743. PMID 11316695.
- ↑ Paulino AC, Simon JH, Zhen W, Wen BC (2000). "Long-term effects in children treated with radiotherapy for head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma". Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 48 (5): 1489–95. PMID 11121653.
- ↑ Raney B, Heyn R, Hays DM, Tefft M, Newton WA, Wharam M; et al. (1993). "Sequelae of treatment in 109 patients followed for 5 to 15 years after diagnosis of sarcoma of the bladder and prostate. A report from the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study Committee". Cancer. 71 (7): 2387–94. PMID 8453560.
- ↑ Yeung CK, Ward HC, Ransley PG, Duffy PG, Pritchard J (1994). "Bladder and kidney function after cure of pelvic rhabdomyosarcoma in childhood". Br J Cancer. 70 (5): 1000–3. PMC 2033564. PMID 7947075.
- ↑ Raney RB, Anderson JR, Kollath J, Vassilopoulou-Sellin R, Klein MJ, Heyn R; et al. (2000). "Late effects of therapy in 94 patients with localized rhabdomyosarcoma of the orbit: Report from the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS)-III, 1984-1991". Med Pediatr Oncol. 34 (6): 413–20. PMID 10842248.
- ↑ Kaste SC, Hopkins KP, Bowman LC (1995). "Dental abnormalities in long-term survivors of head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma". Med Pediatr Oncol. 25 (2): 96–101. PMID 7603407.
- ↑ Estilo CL, Huryn JM, Kraus DH, Sklar CA, Wexler LH, Wolden SL; et al. (2003). "Effects of therapy on dentofacial development in long-term survivors of head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma: the memorial sloan-kettering cancer center experience". J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 25 (3): 215–22. PMID 12621240.