Testicular cancer ultrasound: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 10:17, 29 May 2019

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Gertrude Djouka, M.D.[2], Shanshan Cen, M.D. [3]

Overview

Ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of testicular cancer. Findings on ultrasound suggestive of testicular cancer mass include well defined well circumscribed hypoechoic lesion for seminoma; calcification, cystic spaces, and heterogeneous for nonseminomatous germ cell tumors.

Ultrasound

Ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of testicular cancer. Findings on ultrasound suggestive of testicular cancer mass include:^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

Germ cell testicular tumor

Seminoma:
- Well defined hypoechoic lesion
- Homogeneous
- Lack of cystic lesion
Embryonal carcinoma:^[5]
- Irregular calcification
- Cystic areas
- Heterogeneous
- Hypoechoic mass
Yolk sac tumor:^[6]^[7]
- Hypervascular testicular mass
- Isoechoid
- Well-circumscribed
- Homogenous and ovoid
Choriocarcinoma:^[8]
- Hemorraghic and necrotic
- Calcified and cystic
It is used to confirm that there is a tumor in the testicle and check its size, shape, location, and density.
Ultrasound can help to distinguish benign tumors from malignant ones.

Sex cord stromal testicular tumor

Leydig cell tumor:^[9]^[10]
- Well defined
- hypoechoid and cystic mass
- Homogeneous and calcified
- Hypervascular peripheral blood flow
Sertoli cell tumor:^[11]^[12]
- Hyperechogenic mass on calcified subtype
- Hypervascular around the calcified areas
- Lack of cystic tissues
Granulosa cell tumor:^[13]
- Solid and hypoechoid mass

References

↑ Voyvoda, Nuray; Voyvoda, Bekir; Çamurdan, Özden (2017). "The Role of Imaging in Testicular Cancer Diagnosis, Staging and Follow-up". Üroonkoloji Bülteni. 16 (2): 51–56. doi:10.4274/uob.694. ISSN 2147-2270.
↑ Marth D, Scheidegger J, Studer UE (1990). "Ultrasonography of testicular tumors". Urol. Int. 45 (4): 237–40. doi:10.1159/000281715. PMID 2163557.
↑ Benson CB (August 1988). "The role of ultrasound in diagnosis and staging of testicular cancer". Semin Urol. 6 (3): 189–202. PMID 3072643.
↑ Kreydin EI, Barrisford GW, Feldman AS, Preston MA (June 2013). "Testicular cancer: what the radiologist needs to know". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 200 (6): 1215–25. doi:10.2214/AJR.12.10319. PMID 23701056.
↑ Ishida M, Hasegawa M, Kanao K, Oyama M, Nakajima Y (February 2009). "Non-palpable testicular embryonal carcinoma diagnosed by ultrasound: a case report". Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 39 (2): 124–6. doi:10.1093/jjco/hyn141. PMID 19066212.
↑ Xu HX, Yi XP (January 2007). "Sonographic appearance of a testicular yolk sac tumor in a 2-year-old boy". J Clin Ultrasound. 35 (1): 55–7. doi:10.1002/jcu.20249. PMID 16960883.
↑ Magers MJ, Kao CS, Cole CD, Rice KR, Foster RS, Einhorn LH, Ulbright TM (October 2014). ""Somatic-type" malignancies arising from testicular germ cell tumors: a clinicopathologic study of 124 cases with emphasis on glandular tumors supporting frequent yolk sac tumor origin". Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 38 (10): 1396–409. doi:10.1097/PAS.0000000000000262. PMID 24921638.
↑ Puri S, Sood S, Mohindroo S, Kaushal V (2015). "Cytomorphology of lung metastasis of pure choriocarcinoma of testis in a 58-year-old male". J Cancer Res Ther. 11 (4): 1035. doi:10.4103/0973-1482.154010. PMID 26881635.
↑ Cheville JC, Sebo TJ, Lager DJ, Bostwick DG, Farrow GM (November 1998). "Leydig cell tumor of the testis: a clinicopathologic, DNA content, and MIB-1 comparison of nonmetastasizing and metastasizing tumors". Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 22 (11): 1361–7. PMID 9808128.
↑ Al-Agha OM, Axiotis CA (February 2007). "An in-depth look at Leydig cell tumor of the testis". Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 131 (2): 311–7. doi:10.1043/1543-2165(2007)131[311:AILALC]2.0.CO;2. PMID 17284120.
↑ Ulbright TM, Amin MB, Young RH (June 2007). "Intratubular large cell hyalinizing sertoli cell neoplasia of the testis: a report of 8 cases of a distinctive lesion of the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome". Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 31 (6): 827–35. doi:10.1097/PAS.0b013e3180309e33. PMID 17527069.
↑ Giglio M, Medica M, De Rose AF, Germinale F, Ravetti JL, Carmignani G (2003). "Testicular sertoli cell tumours and relative sub-types. Analysis of clinical and prognostic features". Urol. Int. 70 (3): 205–10. doi:10.1159/000068770. PMID 12660458.
↑ Song Z, Vaughn DJ, Bing Z (October 2011). "Adult type granulosa cell tumor in adult testis: report of a case and review of the literature". Rare Tumors. 3 (4): e37. doi:10.4081/rt.2011.e37. PMC 3282442. PMID 22355492.

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[VoyvodaVoyvoda2017-1] Voyvoda, Nuray; Voyvoda, Bekir; Çamurdan, Özden (2017). "The Role of Imaging in Testicular Cancer Diagnosis, Staging and Follow-up". Üroonkoloji Bülteni. 16 (2): 51–56. doi:10.4274/uob.694. ISSN 2147-2270.

[pmid2163557-2] Marth D, Scheidegger J, Studer UE (1990). "Ultrasonography of testicular tumors". Urol. Int. 45 (4): 237–40. doi:10.1159/000281715. PMID 2163557.

[pmid3072643-3] Benson CB (August 1988). "The role of ultrasound in diagnosis and staging of testicular cancer". Semin Urol. 6 (3): 189–202. PMID 3072643.

[pmid23701056-4] Kreydin EI, Barrisford GW, Feldman AS, Preston MA (June 2013). "Testicular cancer: what the radiologist needs to know". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 200 (6): 1215–25. doi:10.2214/AJR.12.10319. PMID 23701056.

[pmid19066212-5] Ishida M, Hasegawa M, Kanao K, Oyama M, Nakajima Y (February 2009). "Non-palpable testicular embryonal carcinoma diagnosed by ultrasound: a case report". Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 39 (2): 124–6. doi:10.1093/jjco/hyn141. PMID 19066212.

[pmid16960883-6] Xu HX, Yi XP (January 2007). "Sonographic appearance of a testicular yolk sac tumor in a 2-year-old boy". J Clin Ultrasound. 35 (1): 55–7. doi:10.1002/jcu.20249. PMID 16960883.

[pmid24921638-7] Magers MJ, Kao CS, Cole CD, Rice KR, Foster RS, Einhorn LH, Ulbright TM (October 2014). ""Somatic-type" malignancies arising from testicular germ cell tumors: a clinicopathologic study of 124 cases with emphasis on glandular tumors supporting frequent yolk sac tumor origin". Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 38 (10): 1396–409. doi:10.1097/PAS.0000000000000262. PMID 24921638.

[pmid26881635-8] Puri S, Sood S, Mohindroo S, Kaushal V (2015). "Cytomorphology of lung metastasis of pure choriocarcinoma of testis in a 58-year-old male". J Cancer Res Ther. 11 (4): 1035. doi:10.4103/0973-1482.154010. PMID 26881635.

[pmid9808128-9] Cheville JC, Sebo TJ, Lager DJ, Bostwick DG, Farrow GM (November 1998). "Leydig cell tumor of the testis: a clinicopathologic, DNA content, and MIB-1 comparison of nonmetastasizing and metastasizing tumors". Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 22 (11): 1361–7. PMID 9808128.

[pmid17284120-10] Al-Agha OM, Axiotis CA (February 2007). "An in-depth look at Leydig cell tumor of the testis". Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 131 (2): 311–7. doi:10.1043/1543-2165(2007)131[311:AILALC]2.0.CO;2. PMID 17284120.

[pmid17527069-11] Ulbright TM, Amin MB, Young RH (June 2007). "Intratubular large cell hyalinizing sertoli cell neoplasia of the testis: a report of 8 cases of a distinctive lesion of the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome". Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 31 (6): 827–35. doi:10.1097/PAS.0b013e3180309e33. PMID 17527069.

[pmid12660458-12] Giglio M, Medica M, De Rose AF, Germinale F, Ravetti JL, Carmignani G (2003). "Testicular sertoli cell tumours and relative sub-types. Analysis of clinical and prognostic features". Urol. Int. 70 (3): 205–10. doi:10.1159/000068770. PMID 12660458.

[pmid22355492-13] Song Z, Vaughn DJ, Bing Z (October 2011). "Adult type granulosa cell tumor in adult testis: report of a case and review of the literature". Rare Tumors. 3 (4): e37. doi:10.4081/rt.2011.e37. PMC 3282442. PMID 22355492.

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@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{G.D.}}, {{SC}}
 ==Overview==
-[[Ultrasound]] may be helpful in the [[diagnosis]] of testicular cancer. Findings on [[ultrasound]] suggestive of testicular cancer [[mass]] include well defined well circumscribed hypoechoic lesion for [[seminoma]]<nowiki/>s; [[calcification]], [[cystic]] spaces, and [[heterogeneous]] for [[Nonseminoma|nonseminomatous]] [[germ cell tumors]].
+[[Ultrasound]] may be helpful in the [[diagnosis]] of testicular cancer. Findings on [[ultrasound]] suggestive of testicular cancer [[mass]] include well defined well circumscribed hypoechoic lesion for [[seminoma]]; [[calcification]], [[cystic]] spaces, and [[heterogeneous]] for [[Nonseminoma|nonseminomatous]] [[germ cell tumors]].
 ==Ultrasound==