Palpitation classification: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Palpitations may be classified based on cause, duration, rhythm and clinical presentation. | [[Palpitations]] may be classified based on [[cause]], [[duration]], [[rhythm]] and clinical presentation. | ||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
*Based on '''cause''', palpitations may be classified as : <ref name="pmid28613787">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2020 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=28613787 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | *Based on '''cause''', palpitations may be classified as : <ref name="pmid28613787">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2020 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=28613787 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | ||
*#Cardiac -Arrhythmia related | *#[[Cardiac]] -[[Arrhythmia]] related | ||
*#Cardiac – Not Related to Arrhythmia | *#[[Cardiac]] – Not Related to [[Arrhythmia]] | ||
*#Pharmacological | *#[[Pharmacological]] | ||
*#Psychiatric | *#[[Psychiatric]] | ||
*#Systemic Causes | *#[[Systemic]] Causes | ||
*Based on '''clinical presentation''', palpitations may be classified as : | *Based on '''clinical presentation''', [[palpitations]] may be classified as : | ||
*#Extrasystolic | *#[[Extrasystolic]] | ||
*#Tachycardic | *#[[Tachycardic]] | ||
*#Anxiety-related | *#[[Anxiety]]-related | ||
*#Intense<ref name="pmid21697315">{{cite journal| author=Raviele A, Giada F, Bergfeldt L, Blanc JJ, Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, Mont L | display-authors=etal| title=Management of patients with palpitations: a position paper from the European Heart Rhythm Association. | journal=Europace | year= 2011 | volume= 13 | issue= 7 | pages= 920-34 | pmid=21697315 | doi=10.1093/europace/eur130 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21697315 }} </ref> | *#Intense<ref name="pmid21697315">{{cite journal| author=Raviele A, Giada F, Bergfeldt L, Blanc JJ, Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, Mont L | display-authors=etal| title=Management of patients with palpitations: a position paper from the European Heart Rhythm Association. | journal=Europace | year= 2011 | volume= 13 | issue= 7 | pages= 920-34 | pmid=21697315 | doi=10.1093/europace/eur130 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21697315 }} </ref> | ||
*Based on '''duration''', palpitations may be classified as : | *Based on '''[[duration]]''', [[palpitations]] may be classified as : | ||
*#Persistent or sustained | *#[[Persistent]] or [[sustained]] | ||
*#Poorly sustained/ short lasting | *#[[Poorly sustained]]/ [[short lasting]] | ||
*Based on '''rhythm''', palpitations may be classified as : | *Based on '''[[rhythm]]''', [[palpitations]] may be classified as : | ||
*#Regular | *#[[Regular]] | ||
*#Irregular | *#[[Irregular]] | ||
*Extrasystolic palpitations are often described as missed beats which are sudden in onset and occur at rest. | *[[Extrasystolic]] [[palpitations]] are often described as missed beats which are sudden in [[onset]] and occur at rest. | ||
*Tachycardiac palpitations are often described as a fluttering sensation in the chest which is sudden in onset. | *[[Tachycardiac]] [[palpitations]] are often described as a [[fluttering sensation]] in the chest which is sudden in [[onset]]. | ||
**Tachycardic palpitations include ventricular tachycardias, AV re-entry tachycardia, AN Nodal re-entry tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, atrial tachycardias and atrial flutter. | **[[Tachycardic]] [[palpitations]] include [[ventricular]] [[tachycardias]], [[AV re-entry tachycardia]], [[AN Nodal re-entry tachycardia]], [[atrial fibrillation]], [[atrial tachycardias]] and [[atrial flutter]]. | ||
**It is associated with a regular or irregular increase in heart rate and symptoms such as syncope, chest pain, breathlessness and neck pulsations. | **It is associated with a [[regular]] or [[irregular]] increase in [[heart rate]] and [[symptoms]] such as [[syncope]], [[chest pain]], [[breathlessness]] and neck pulsations. | ||
*Anxiety related palpitations as the name suggest are mostly seen in individuals with generalized anxiety disorder and are gradual in onset. | *[[Anxiety]] related [[palpitations]] as the name suggest are mostly seen in individuals with [[generalized anxiety disorder]] and are gradual in [[onset]]. | ||
**It is associated with an increase in heart rate and symptoms such as a ‘lump-like’ sensation in throat and tingling sensations in the hands and face. | **It is associated with an increase in [[heart rate]] and [[symptoms]] such as a ‘lump-like’ [[sensation]] in throat and tingling sensations in the hands and face. | ||
*Patients experiencing a pulsation type of palpitations often feel like their heart is pounding. | *Patients experiencing a [[pulsation]] type of palpitations often feel like their [[heart]] is pounding. | ||
**This sensation is gradual in onset, triggered by exertion and may be associated with asthenia. | **This [[sensation]] is gradual in [[onset]], triggered by [[exertion]] and may be associated with [[asthenia]]. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 18:36, 14 August 2020
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Palpitation classification On the Web |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Palpitation classification |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Akash Daswaney, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Palpitations may be classified based on cause, duration, rhythm and clinical presentation.
Classification
- Based on cause, palpitations may be classified as : [1]
- Cardiac -Arrhythmia related
- Cardiac – Not Related to Arrhythmia
- Pharmacological
- Psychiatric
- Systemic Causes
- Based on clinical presentation, palpitations may be classified as :
- Extrasystolic
- Tachycardic
- Anxiety-related
- Intense[2]
- Based on duration, palpitations may be classified as :
- Based on rhythm, palpitations may be classified as :
- Extrasystolic palpitations are often described as missed beats which are sudden in onset and occur at rest.
- Tachycardiac palpitations are often described as a fluttering sensation in the chest which is sudden in onset.
- Tachycardic palpitations include ventricular tachycardias, AV re-entry tachycardia, AN Nodal re-entry tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, atrial tachycardias and atrial flutter.
- It is associated with a regular or irregular increase in heart rate and symptoms such as syncope, chest pain, breathlessness and neck pulsations.
- Anxiety related palpitations as the name suggest are mostly seen in individuals with generalized anxiety disorder and are gradual in onset.
- It is associated with an increase in heart rate and symptoms such as a ‘lump-like’ sensation in throat and tingling sensations in the hands and face.
- Patients experiencing a pulsation type of palpitations often feel like their heart is pounding.
References
- ↑ "StatPearls". 2020. PMID 28613787.
- ↑ Raviele A, Giada F, Bergfeldt L, Blanc JJ, Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, Mont L; et al. (2011). "Management of patients with palpitations: a position paper from the European Heart Rhythm Association". Europace. 13 (7): 920–34. doi:10.1093/europace/eur130. PMID 21697315.