Epistaxis overview: Difference between revisions
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==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
Vascular abnormalities: | -Vascular abnormalities: | ||
* [[Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia]] | |||
* Congestive hearth failure | |||
* [[Granulomatosis with polyangitis]] | |||
-Truama | |||
-Infections | |||
-Coagolupathis: | |||
*[[Anticoagulants]] | |||
*[[Antiplatelet]] | |||
*[[von Willebrand disease]] | |||
*[[Leukemia]] | |||
*Other [[medications]] causing [[coagulopathy]] | |||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Revision as of 11:39, 20 September 2020
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Epistaxis overview On the Web |
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Editor in Chief: Liudvikas Jagminas, M.D., FACEP [1] Phone: 401-729-2419
Overview
An epistaxis is the relatively common occurrence of hemorrhage (bleeding) from the nose, usually noticed when it drains out through the nostrils. There are two types: anterior (the most common), and posterior (less common, and more severe). Sometimes in more severe cases, the blood can come up the nasolacrimal duct and out from the eye. Fresh blood and clotted blood can also flow down into the stomach and cause nausea and vomiting. It only accounts for .001% of all deaths in the U.S.
Pathophysiology
All nosebleeds are due to tears in the mucosal lining and the many small blood vessels it contains. Fragility or injury may cause the tears, while inflammation, coagulation problems and other disorders may make the injury harder to repair.
Risk Factors
-Vascular abnormalities:
* Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia * Congestive hearth failure * Granulomatosis with polyangitis
-Truama -Infections -Coagolupathis:
*Anticoagulants *Antiplatelet *von Willebrand disease *Leukemia *Other medications causing coagulopathy
Diagnosis
Treatment
Surgery
A nasal balloon or Foley catheter for posterior bleeds can be indicated.
Primary Prevention
A cooler house and a vaporizer, to return humidity to the air, help many people with frequent nosebleeds. Nasal saline spray and water soluble jelly (such as Ayr gel) can help prevent nosebleeds, especially during the winter months.