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==Differentiating Pre-eclampsia from other Diseases==
==Differentiating Pre-eclampsia from other Diseases==


. Another condition that may
{| class="wikitable"
be confused with eclampsia or preeclampsia is reversible
|-
cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (50). Reversible
! Differntiating diagnosis of [[hypertension]] in [[pregnancy]] !! [[Chronic hypertension]] !! [[White coat| [[hypertension]] !! Mask [[hypertension]] !! [[Gestational |[[hypertension]]
cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome is characterized by
|-
reversible multifocal narrowing of the arteries of the
| Onset || Before 20 weeks in [[pregnancy]] || [[Blood pressure]] ≥ 140/90 in office and clinic and [[BP]] < 135/85 at home || Normal [[blood pressure]] at office and elevation in other condition  ||[ [[Hypertension]] after 20 weeks of [pregnancy]] with out [[proteinuria]] or [[hematologic abnormality]]
brain with signs and symptoms that typically include
|-
thunderclap headache and, less commonly, focal neurologic
| Management ||Tightly controlling of [[hypertension]] (110-140/85), Fetal growth monitoring || Example || 24 hours ambulatory [[blood pressure]] monitoring  ||  
deficits related to brain edema, stroke, or seizure.
|-
Treatment of women with PRES and reversible cerebral
| Prognosis || Example || Increased risk of [[preeclampsia]] || Example || Good prognosis, approximately  1/4 progress to[[ preeclampsia]] 
vasoconstriction syndrome may include medical control
|}
of hypertension, antiepileptic medication and long-term
neurologic follow-up.
inaccurate.
Nervous system manifestations frequently encountered
in preeclampsia are headache, blurred vision,
scotomata, and hyperreflexia. Although uncommon,
temporary blindness (lasting a few hours to as long as
a week) also may accompany preeclampsia with severe
features and eclampsia (47). Posterior reversible encephalopathy
syndrome (PRES) is a constellation of a range
of clinical neurologic signs and symptoms such as vision
loss or deficit, seizure, headache, and altered sensorium
or confusion (48). Although suspicion for PRES is
increased in the setting of these clinical features, the
diagnosis of PRES is made by the presence of vasogenic
edema and hyperintensities in the posterior aspects of the
brain on magnetic resonance imaging. Women are particularly
at risk of PRES in the settings of eclampsia and
preeclampsia with headache, altered consciousness, or
visual abnormalities (49). Another condition that may
be confused with eclampsia or preeclampsia is reversible
cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (50). Reversible
cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome is characterized by
reversible multifocal narrowing of the arteries of the
brain with signs and symptoms that typically include
thunderclap headache and, less commonly, focal neurologic
deficits related to brain edema, stroke, or seizure.
Treatment of women with PRES and reversible cerebral
vasoconstriction syndrome may include medical control
of hypertension, antiepileptic medication and long-term
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pre-eclampsia can mimic and be confused with many other diseases, including chronic [[hypertension]], chronic [[renal disease]], primary [[seizure]] disorders, [[gallbladder]] and [[pancreatic disease]], immune or [[thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura]], and [[hemolytic-uremic syndrome]]. It must always be considered a possibility in any pregnant woman beyond 20 weeks of [[gestation]]. It is particularly difficult to diagnose when preexisting disease such as [[hypertension]] is present.<ref name=AMN1>{{cite web | title =Preeclampsia-Eclampsia | publisher=Armenian Medical Network | work =Diagnosis and management of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia | url=http://www.health.am/gyneco/more/preeclampsia_eclampsia/ | year = 2003 | accessdate=2005-11-23}}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 14:52, 12 October 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ogheneochuko Ajari, MB.BS, MS [2]

Differentiating Pre-eclampsia from other Diseases

Differntiating diagnosis of hypertension in pregnancy Chronic hypertension [[White coat| hypertension Mask hypertension [[Gestational |hypertension
Onset Before 20 weeks in pregnancy Blood pressure ≥ 140/90 in office and clinic and BP < 135/85 at home Normal blood pressure at office and elevation in other condition [ Hypertension after 20 weeks of [pregnancy]] with out proteinuria or hematologic abnormality
Management Tightly controlling of hypertension (110-140/85), Fetal growth monitoring Example 24 hours ambulatory blood pressure monitoring
Prognosis Example Increased risk of preeclampsia Example Good prognosis, approximately 1/4 progress topreeclampsia

References

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