Epistaxis epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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==Epidemiology and demographics== | ==Epidemiology and demographics== | ||
===Incidence=== | |||
The incidence of patients with [[epistaxis]], which needed [[inpatients]] [[Treatmen|treatment]] to control [[bleeding]] was estimated to be 42 cases per 100,000 for men, 28 cases per 100,000 for women and for men over 85 years it's 222 per 100,000 in Thuringia, Germany.<ref name="KallenbachDittberner2020">{{cite journal|last1=Kallenbach|first1=Max|last2=Dittberner|first2=Andreas|last3=Boeger|first3=Daniel|last4=Buentzel|first4=Jens|last5=Kaftan|first5=Holger|last6=Hoffmann|first6=Kerstin|last7=Jecker|first7=Peter|last8=Mueller|first8=Andreas|last9=Radtke|first9=Gerald|last10=Guntinas-Lichius|first10=Orlando|title=Hospitalization for epistaxis: a population-based healthcare research study in Thuringia, Germany|journal=European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology|volume=277|issue=6|year=2020|pages=1659–1666|issn=0937-4477|doi=10.1007/s00405-020-05875-2}}</ref> | The incidence of patients with [[epistaxis]], which needed [[inpatients]] [[Treatmen|treatment]] to control [[bleeding]] was estimated to be 42 cases per 100,000 for men, 28 cases per 100,000 for women and for men over 85 years it's 222 per 100,000 in Thuringia, Germany.<ref name="KallenbachDittberner2020">{{cite journal|last1=Kallenbach|first1=Max|last2=Dittberner|first2=Andreas|last3=Boeger|first3=Daniel|last4=Buentzel|first4=Jens|last5=Kaftan|first5=Holger|last6=Hoffmann|first6=Kerstin|last7=Jecker|first7=Peter|last8=Mueller|first8=Andreas|last9=Radtke|first9=Gerald|last10=Guntinas-Lichius|first10=Orlando|title=Hospitalization for epistaxis: a population-based healthcare research study in Thuringia, Germany|journal=European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology|volume=277|issue=6|year=2020|pages=1659–1666|issn=0937-4477|doi=10.1007/s00405-020-05875-2}}</ref> | ||
Only 6-10% of the patients who experience epistaxis seek medical help.<ref name="pmid29345234">{{cite journal| author=Beck R, Sorge M, Schneider A, Dietz A| title=Current Approaches to Epistaxis Treatment in Primary and Secondary Care. | journal=Dtsch Arztebl Int | year= 2018 | volume= 115 | issue= 1-02 | pages= 12-22 | pmid=29345234 | doi=10.3238/arztebl.2018.0012 | pmc=5778404 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29345234 }} </ref> | |||
"About 1 in 200 visits of [[emergency departments]], is for [[epistaxis]] In the United States".<ref name="PallinChng2005">{{cite journal|last1=Pallin|first1=Daniel J.|last2=Chng|first2=Yi-Mei|last3=McKay|first3=Mary Patricia|last4=Emond|first4=Jennifer A.|last5=Pelletier|first5=Andrea J.|last6=Camargo|first6=Carlos A.|title=Epidemiology of Epistaxis in US Emergency Departments, 1992 to 2001|journal=Annals of Emergency Medicine|volume=46|issue=1|year=2005|pages=77–81|issn=01960644|doi=10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.12.014}}</ref> | "About 1 in 200 visits of [[emergency departments]], is for [[epistaxis]] In the United States".<ref name="PallinChng2005">{{cite journal|last1=Pallin|first1=Daniel J.|last2=Chng|first2=Yi-Mei|last3=McKay|first3=Mary Patricia|last4=Emond|first4=Jennifer A.|last5=Pelletier|first5=Andrea J.|last6=Camargo|first6=Carlos A.|title=Epidemiology of Epistaxis in US Emergency Departments, 1992 to 2001|journal=Annals of Emergency Medicine|volume=46|issue=1|year=2005|pages=77–81|issn=01960644|doi=10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.12.014}}</ref> | ||
===Prevalence=== | ===Prevalence=== | ||
About 60 percent of American people experienced [[epistaxis]] at least once, and about 6 percent of people looking for [[medical]] action. <ref name="TunkelAnne2020">{{cite journal|last1=Tunkel|first1=David E.|last2=Anne|first2=Samantha|last3=Payne|first3=Spencer C.|last4=Ishman|first4=Stacey L.|last5=Rosenfeld|first5=Richard M.|last6=Abramson|first6=Peter J.|last7=Alikhaani|first7=Jacqueline D.|last8=Benoit|first8=Margo McKenna|last9=Bercovitz|first9=Rachel S.|last10=Brown|first10=Michael D.|last11=Chernobilsky|first11=Boris|last12=Feldstein|first12=David A.|last13=Hackell|first13=Jesse M.|last14=Holbrook|first14=Eric H.|last15=Holdsworth|first15=Sarah M.|last16=Lin|first16=Kenneth W.|last17=Lind|first17=Meredith Merz|last18=Poetker|first18=David M.|last19=Riley|first19=Charles A.|last20=Schneider|first20=John S.|last21=Seidman|first21=Michael D.|last22=Vadlamudi|first22=Venu|last23=Valdez|first23=Tulio A.|last24=Nnacheta|first24=Lorraine C.|last25=Monjur|first25=Taskin M.|title=Clinical Practice Guideline: Nosebleed (Epistaxis)|journal=Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery|volume=162|issue=1_suppl|year=2020|pages=S1–S38|issn=0194-5998|doi=10.1177/0194599819890327}}</ref> | About 60 percent of American people experienced [[epistaxis]] at least once, and about 6 percent of people looking for [[medical]] action. <ref name="TunkelAnne2020">{{cite journal|last1=Tunkel|first1=David E.|last2=Anne|first2=Samantha|last3=Payne|first3=Spencer C.|last4=Ishman|first4=Stacey L.|last5=Rosenfeld|first5=Richard M.|last6=Abramson|first6=Peter J.|last7=Alikhaani|first7=Jacqueline D.|last8=Benoit|first8=Margo McKenna|last9=Bercovitz|first9=Rachel S.|last10=Brown|first10=Michael D.|last11=Chernobilsky|first11=Boris|last12=Feldstein|first12=David A.|last13=Hackell|first13=Jesse M.|last14=Holbrook|first14=Eric H.|last15=Holdsworth|first15=Sarah M.|last16=Lin|first16=Kenneth W.|last17=Lind|first17=Meredith Merz|last18=Poetker|first18=David M.|last19=Riley|first19=Charles A.|last20=Schneider|first20=John S.|last21=Seidman|first21=Michael D.|last22=Vadlamudi|first22=Venu|last23=Valdez|first23=Tulio A.|last24=Nnacheta|first24=Lorraine C.|last25=Monjur|first25=Taskin M.|title=Clinical Practice Guideline: Nosebleed (Epistaxis)|journal=Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery|volume=162|issue=1_suppl|year=2020|pages=S1–S38|issn=0194-5998|doi=10.1177/0194599819890327}}</ref><ref name="pmid29345234">{{cite journal| author=Beck R, Sorge M, Schneider A, Dietz A| title=Current Approaches to Epistaxis Treatment in Primary and Secondary Care. | journal=Dtsch Arztebl Int | year= 2018 | volume= 115 | issue= 1-02 | pages= 12-22 | pmid=29345234 | doi=10.3238/arztebl.2018.0012 | pmc=5778404 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29345234 }} </ref> | ||
===Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate=== | ===Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate=== | ||
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===Gender=== | ===Gender=== | ||
[[Epistaxis]] is more [[common]] in males.<ref name="CôrteOrfao2018">{{cite journal|last1=Côrte|first1=Filipa Camacho|last2=Orfao|first2=Tiago|last3=Dias|first3=Cláudia Camila|last4=Moura|first4=Carla Pinto|last5=Santos|first5=Margarida|title=Risk factors for the occurrence of epistaxis: Prospective study|journal=Auris Nasus Larynx|volume=45|issue=3|year=2018|pages=471–475|issn=03858146|doi=10.1016/j.anl.2017.07.021}}</ref> | [[Epistaxis]] is more [[common]] in males than in females.<ref name="CôrteOrfao2018">{{cite journal|last1=Côrte|first1=Filipa Camacho|last2=Orfao|first2=Tiago|last3=Dias|first3=Cláudia Camila|last4=Moura|first4=Carla Pinto|last5=Santos|first5=Margarida|title=Risk factors for the occurrence of epistaxis: Prospective study|journal=Auris Nasus Larynx|volume=45|issue=3|year=2018|pages=471–475|issn=03858146|doi=10.1016/j.anl.2017.07.021}}</ref> | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amir Behzad Bagheri, M.D.
Overview
Epistaxis is a prevalent symptom in general populations worldwide. About 60 percent of people experience epistaxis at least once, and about 6 percent of these people looking for medical action at least once. It is more common in children and elderly patients
Epidemiology and demographics
Incidence
The incidence of patients with epistaxis, which needed inpatients treatment to control bleeding was estimated to be 42 cases per 100,000 for men, 28 cases per 100,000 for women and for men over 85 years it's 222 per 100,000 in Thuringia, Germany.[1] Only 6-10% of the patients who experience epistaxis seek medical help.[2]
"About 1 in 200 visits of emergency departments, is for epistaxis In the United States".[3]
Prevalence
About 60 percent of American people experienced epistaxis at least once, and about 6 percent of people looking for medical action. [4][2]
Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate
Although epistaxis is the most common emergency in ENT, mortality from epistaxis is rare. [5]
Age
Patients of all age groups may experience epistaxis, but it is more prevalent in children and elderly patients.[3]
Race
Based on some studies epistaxis is more common in Caucasian compared with African-Americans.[6]
Gender
Epistaxis is more common in males than in females.[7]
References
- ↑ Kallenbach, Max; Dittberner, Andreas; Boeger, Daniel; Buentzel, Jens; Kaftan, Holger; Hoffmann, Kerstin; Jecker, Peter; Mueller, Andreas; Radtke, Gerald; Guntinas-Lichius, Orlando (2020). "Hospitalization for epistaxis: a population-based healthcare research study in Thuringia, Germany". European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. 277 (6): 1659–1666. doi:10.1007/s00405-020-05875-2. ISSN 0937-4477.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Beck R, Sorge M, Schneider A, Dietz A (2018). "Current Approaches to Epistaxis Treatment in Primary and Secondary Care". Dtsch Arztebl Int. 115 (1–02): 12–22. doi:10.3238/arztebl.2018.0012. PMC 5778404. PMID 29345234.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Pallin, Daniel J.; Chng, Yi-Mei; McKay, Mary Patricia; Emond, Jennifer A.; Pelletier, Andrea J.; Camargo, Carlos A. (2005). "Epidemiology of Epistaxis in US Emergency Departments, 1992 to 2001". Annals of Emergency Medicine. 46 (1): 77–81. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2004.12.014. ISSN 0196-0644.
- ↑ Tunkel, David E.; Anne, Samantha; Payne, Spencer C.; Ishman, Stacey L.; Rosenfeld, Richard M.; Abramson, Peter J.; Alikhaani, Jacqueline D.; Benoit, Margo McKenna; Bercovitz, Rachel S.; Brown, Michael D.; Chernobilsky, Boris; Feldstein, David A.; Hackell, Jesse M.; Holbrook, Eric H.; Holdsworth, Sarah M.; Lin, Kenneth W.; Lind, Meredith Merz; Poetker, David M.; Riley, Charles A.; Schneider, John S.; Seidman, Michael D.; Vadlamudi, Venu; Valdez, Tulio A.; Nnacheta, Lorraine C.; Monjur, Taskin M. (2020). "Clinical Practice Guideline: Nosebleed (Epistaxis)". Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery. 162 (1_suppl): S1–S38. doi:10.1177/0194599819890327. ISSN 0194-5998.
- ↑ Anghel AG, Soreanu CC, Dumitru M, Anghel I (2014). "Treatment Options for Severe Epistaxis, the Experience of Coltea ENT Clinic". Maedica (Buchar). 9 (2): 179–82. PMC 4296762. PMID 25705275.
- ↑ Mauer, A. C.; Khazanov, N. A.; Levenkova, N.; Tian, S.; Barbour, E. M.; Khalida, C.; Tobin, J. N.; Coller, B. S. (2011). "Impact of sex, age, race, ethnicity and aspirin use on bleeding symptoms in healthy adults". Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 9 (1): 100–108. doi:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2010.04105.x. ISSN 1538-7933.
- ↑ Côrte, Filipa Camacho; Orfao, Tiago; Dias, Cláudia Camila; Moura, Carla Pinto; Santos, Margarida (2018). "Risk factors for the occurrence of epistaxis: Prospective study". Auris Nasus Larynx. 45 (3): 471–475. doi:10.1016/j.anl.2017.07.021. ISSN 0385-8146.