Pre-eclampsia pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
* The pathogenesis of [[preeclampsia]] is characterized by the following :<ref name="JohansenRedman1999">{{cite journal|last1=Johansen|first1=M|last2=Redman|first2=C.W.G|last3=Wilkins|first3=T|last4=Sargent|first4=I.L|title=Trophoblast Deportation in Human Pregnancy—its Relevance for Pre-eclampsia|journal=Placenta|volume=20|issue=7|year=1999|pages=531–539|issn=01434004|doi=10.1053/plac.1999.0422}}</ref> | * The pathogenesis of [[preeclampsia]] is characterized by the following :<ref name="JohansenRedman1999">{{cite journal|last1=Johansen|first1=M|last2=Redman|first2=C.W.G|last3=Wilkins|first3=T|last4=Sargent|first4=I.L|title=Trophoblast Deportation in Human Pregnancy—its Relevance for Pre-eclampsia|journal=Placenta|volume=20|issue=7|year=1999|pages=531–539|issn=01434004|doi=10.1053/plac.1999.0422}}</ref><ref name="DekkerSibai1998">{{cite journal|last1=Dekker|first1=Gustaaf A.|last2=Sibai|first2=Baha M.|title=Etiology and pathogenesis of preeclampsia: Current concepts|journal=American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology|volume=179|issue=5|year=1998|pages=1359–1375|issn=00029378|doi=10.1016/S0002-9378(98)70160-7}}</ref> | ||
:* Chronic [[uteroplacental ischemia]]<ref name="Espinoza2012">{{cite journal|last1=Espinoza|first1=J.|title=Uteroplacental ischemia in early- and late-onset pre-eclampsia: a role for the fetus?|journal=Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology|volume=40|issue=4|year=2012|pages=373–382|issn=09607692|doi=10.1002/uog.12280}}</ref> | :* Chronic [[uteroplacental ischemia]]<ref name="Espinoza2012">{{cite journal|last1=Espinoza|first1=J.|title=Uteroplacental ischemia in early- and late-onset pre-eclampsia: a role for the fetus?|journal=Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology|volume=40|issue=4|year=2012|pages=373–382|issn=09607692|doi=10.1002/uog.12280}}</ref> | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Zand, M.D.[2] Ogheneochuko Ajari, MB.BS, MS [3]
Overview
Preeclampsia may be the result of entering placental factors into the maternal circulation leading to endothelial dysfunction and hypertension and proteinuria. Increasing an angiogenic factor named fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 in placenta correlated with endothelial dysfunction. The apoptosis susceptibility if villous trophoblast is considered as a cause of preeclampsia.
Pathophysiology
- The pathogenesis of preeclampsia is characterized by the following :[1][2]
- Chronic uteroplacental ischemia[3]
- Genetic susceptibility
- very-low-density lipoprotein toxicity
- Increased trophoblast apoptosis or necrosis[4]
- Increased Maternal inflammatory response to fetal trophoblast
- Imbalance of angiogenic factors [5]
- Imbalance of prostacycline and thromboxan-A2
References
- ↑ Johansen, M; Redman, C.W.G; Wilkins, T; Sargent, I.L (1999). "Trophoblast Deportation in Human Pregnancy—its Relevance for Pre-eclampsia". Placenta. 20 (7): 531–539. doi:10.1053/plac.1999.0422. ISSN 0143-4004.
- ↑ Dekker, Gustaaf A.; Sibai, Baha M. (1998). "Etiology and pathogenesis of preeclampsia: Current concepts". American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. 179 (5): 1359–1375. doi:10.1016/S0002-9378(98)70160-7. ISSN 0002-9378.
- ↑ Espinoza, J. (2012). "Uteroplacental ischemia in early- and late-onset pre-eclampsia: a role for the fetus?". Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology. 40 (4): 373–382. doi:10.1002/uog.12280. ISSN 0960-7692.
- ↑ Crocker, Ian P.; Cooper, Suzanne; Ong, Stephen C.; Baker, Philip N. (2003). "Differences in Apoptotic Susceptibility of Cytotrophoblasts and Syncytiotrophoblasts in Normal Pregnancy to Those Complicated with Preeclampsia and Intrauterine Growth Restriction". The American Journal of Pathology. 162 (2): 637–643. doi:10.1016/S0002-9440(10)63857-6. ISSN 0002-9440.
- ↑ Levine, Richard J.; Maynard, Sharon E.; Qian, Cong; Lim, Kee-Hak; England, Lucinda J.; Yu, Kai F.; Schisterman, Enrique F.; Thadhani, Ravi; Sachs, Benjamin P.; Epstein, Franklin H.; Sibai, Baha M.; Sukhatme, Vikas P.; Karumanchi, S. Ananth (2004). "Circulating Angiogenic Factors and the Risk of Preeclampsia". New England Journal of Medicine. 350 (7): 672–683. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa031884. ISSN 0028-4793.