Knee pain resident survival guide: Difference between revisions

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Line 83: Line 83:
❑ '''Range of motion''':
❑ '''Range of motion''':
* Perform [[extension]] and [[flexion]] of both [[knee joint|knee joints]]<br>  
* Perform [[extension]] and [[flexion]] of both [[knee joint|knee joints]]<br>  
❑ '''Power'''</div> }}
❑ '''Power'''
* Check power on [[flexion]] and [[extension]]<br>
❑ Perform knee maneuvers for examination of knee ligament injuries<br>
* '''MCL/LCL injury''':
** Valgus stress test
** Varus stress test
* '''ACL injury''':
** Anterior drawer test
** Lachman test
* '''PCL injury''':
** Posterior drawer test
** Posterior sag test
* '''Meniscal tear''':
** Thessaly test
** Apley test
** McMurray test</div> }}
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{{familytree/end}}


Revision as of 15:13, 28 January 2021

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Tayyaba Ali, M.D.[2]

Synonyms and keywords:

Overview

Causes

Common Causes

Traumatic and activity-related causes of knee pain

Anterior Knee Pain
  • Patellar subluxation or dislocation
  • Tibial apophysitis (Osgood-Schlatter lesion)
  • Jumper's knee (patellar tendonitis)
  • Patellofemoral pain syndrome (chondromalacia patellae)
Medial Knee Pain
  • Medial collateral ligament sprain
  • Medial meniscal tear
  • Pes anserine bursitis
  • Medial plica syndrome
Lateral Knee Pain
  • Lateral collateral ligament sprain
  • Lateral meniscal tear
  • Iliotibial band tendonitis
Posterior Knee Pain
  • A popliteal cyst (Baker's cyst) as a result of sport-related injury
  • Posterior cruciate ligament injury [1]

Non-Traumatic causes of knee pain

Unilateral Knee Pain
  • Septic Arthritis
  • Gout
  • Pseudogout (acute calcium pyrophosphate crystal arthritis)
Bilateral Knee Pain
  • Osteoarthritis [2]
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis [3]
  • Systemic Lupus Erythematosis
  • Baker cyst as a result of Rheumatoid arthritis and Osteoarthritis [2]

Diagnosis

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the diagnosis of [[disease name]] according to the [...] guidelines.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Seek proper history:
❑ Warmth of joint
❑ Redness of joint
❑ Stiffness of joint
❑ Swelling of joint
❑ Weakness of joint
❑ Numbness or tingling of joint
❑ Discoloration of fingers in the cold
❑ Discomfort on exposure to sunlight
❑ Pain in any other joint
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Examine the patient:
❑ HEENT signs:

❑ Inspection:

❑ Palpation:

  • Look for pain on palpation

❑ Range of motion:

❑ Power

❑ Perform knee maneuvers for examination of knee ligament injuries

  • MCL/LCL injury:
    • Valgus stress test
    • Varus stress test
  • ACL injury:
    • Anterior drawer test
    • Lachman test
  • PCL injury:
    • Posterior drawer test
    • Posterior sag test
  • Meniscal tear:
    • Thessaly test
    • Apley test
    • McMurray test
 
 

Treatment

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the treatment of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Do's

  • The content in this section is in bullet points.

Don'ts

  • The content in this section is in bullet points.

References

  1. ↑ "www.aafp.org" (PDF).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hussain, SM; Neilly, DW; Baliga, S; Patil, S; Meek, RMD (2016). "Knee osteoarthritis: a review of management options". Scottish Medical Journal. 61 (1): 7–16. doi:10.1177/0036933015619588. ISSN 0036-9330.
  3. ↑ Scott, David L; Wolfe, Frederick; Huizinga, Tom WJ (2010). "Rheumatoid arthritis". The Lancet. 376 (9746): 1094–1108. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60826-4. ISSN 0140-6736.
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