Insomnia causes: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 09:47, 20 June 2021

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Insomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by an inability to sleep and/or inability to remain asleep for a reasonable period. Insomniacs typically complain of being unable to close their eyes or "rest their mind" for more than a few minutes at a time. Both organic and nonorganic insomnia constitute a sleep disorder.^[1]^[2].Insomnia is a medical term for a sleep disorder, in which a person have difficulty with falling asleep, staying asleep or feeling unfresh in the morning because of poor sleep^[3]. Insomnia is one of the frequently reported complaints in adult population, it is reported that 30-40% of the adult population is the US have insomnia^[4]. The DSM-V Diagnostic Criteria for Insomnia Disorder is, difficulty with sleep for at least three days per week for consecutive three months.

Causes

There are many underlying associations^[5]^[6] including psychiatric disorders^[7]^[6].

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Cardiac arrhythmia, Angina, buerger's disease, congestive cardiac failure, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, ischemic heart disease, nocturnal angina, sleep apnea
Chemical/Poisoning	Acrodynia, Aldehyde syndrome, antimony, asbestosis, benzoate , cathinone poisoning, celery, chemical-related eczema, cumin, erythrosine, ethylbenzene, gasoline, gasoline, irritant contact eczema, lead, mercury poisoning, monocrotophos, Msg, parsley, quinoline yellow, rdx, silo unloader syndrome, sulfite, sunset yellow, tartrazine, tetryl, toluene
Dental	Dental problems
Dermatologic	Chemical-related eczema, eczema, environmental allergen related eczema, erythrodermic eczema,chemical-related eczema, eyelid eczema,irritant contact eczema, lyme disease, mycosis fungoides,familial, pruritus, sle related fibromyalgias, stress-related eczema, temperature-related eczema
Drug Side Effect	4-Aminopyridine,abecarnil, alcohol withdrawal syndrome, alemtuzumab, amantadine, ambien withdrawal, amifampridine, aminophylline, amobarbital sodium, amoxicillin, antidepressants, armodafinil, aspirin, ativan withdrawal, benzphetamine, beta antagonists, bronchodilators, bupropion, Caffeine, central nervous system depressants, central nervous system stimulants, chronic amphetamine use, clomifene , clonazepam, clonidine, cocaine withdrawal, crack withdrawal, dalfampridine, dapsone, demerol withdrawal, desmopressin, desmopressin, morphine withdrawal, dexamfetamine, dexedrine withdrawal, diazepam, diflunisal , dilaudid withdrawal, dimebon, dxedrine withdrawal, ecstasy withdrawal, eculizumab,efavirenz, eribulin, escitalopram, felbamate,fluvoxamine, flibanserin, glucocorticoids, levofloxacin, hydrocodone withdrawal, isoproterenol (aerosol), lacosamidemepenzolate, lamotrigine, lisdexamfetamine, lorazepam, lysergic acid diethylamide, melatonin,lacosamidemepenzolate, meropenem, meropenem, methcathinone, methcathinone, methylenedioxymethamphetamine, methylphenidate, middle ear infection, milnacipran hydrochloride, modafinil, opioid withdrawal,naltrexone, oxazepam, ofloxacin, oxymetazoline, oxycontin withdrawal, peramivir, percocet withdrawal, pergolide, paroxetine,phentermine, phentermine,posaconazole, pramipexole, pregabalin, propranolol, pyrimethamine, ramelteon, ritalin withdrawal, rotigotine, selegiline, sesame, sibutramine, sulindac, smoking especially at bedtime, steroid withdrawal syndrome, suvorexant, tacrolimus, tartrazine, tasimelteon, temazepam, temozolomide , terbutaline, tetryl, thalidomide, tolcapone, toluene, \|topiramate, ,tribavirin, rifaximin, romiplostim,varenicline, vicodin withdrawal, vilazodone, withdrawal of sleeping pills, xanax withdrawal, zonisamide
Ear Nose Throat	Acute sinusitis, earache, middle ear infection,
Endocrine	Andropause, cushing's diseases, hyperthyroidism, melatonin, menopause, menstruation, pituitary tumors, alcohol-induced pseudo-cushing syndrome, calcium deficiency, cushing's diseases, diabetes, graves disease, autoimmune thyroid diseases, hyperthyroidism, calcium deficiency, melatonin, menopause, menstruation, pineal teratoma, pinealoma, pituitary tumors, premenstrual dysphoric disorders, premenstrual syndrome, resistance to thyroid stimulating hormone,
Environmental	disrupted sleep schedules, dyssomnia, environmental allergen related eczema, high altitude,injury,chronic stress, inadequate sleep hygiene, jet lag, light, noise
Gastroenterologic	Acute intermittent porphyria, cirrhosis of liver, colic,congenital hepatic porphyria, Glucocorticoids,Indigestion,Inflammatory bowel disease, congenital hepatic porphyria, duodenal ulcers, Food allergies, gastroesophageal reflux disease, glenard syndrome, gluten allergy, heartburn, indigestion, inflammatory bowel disease, peptic ulcer disease, reflux esophagitis, seafood allergy
Genetic	Acute intermittent porphyria, congenital hepatic porphyria,Down's syndrome associated alzheimer's disease, down's syndrome associated alzheimer's disease, huntington's disease, inborn amino acid metabolism disorder, Neuromuscular disorders including painful peripheral neuropathies, nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy type 1, perry syndrome, phenol sulfotransferase deficiency, pick's disease, prion fatal familial insomnia, variegate porphyria, wiskott-aldrich syndrome, x-linked angelman-like syndrome
Hematologic	Aplastic anemia, iron-deficiency anemia, mycosis fungoides,familial, wiskott-aldrich syndrome
Iatrogenic	no underlying causes
Infectious Disease	Acquired immunodeficiency syndromes, ascariasis , creutzfeldt-jakob disease, Duodenal ulcers, east african trypanosomiasis, Epstein barr virus related fibromyalgias, Lyme disease, peptic ulcer disease, trigeminal neuralgia, west african trypanosomiasis, worms, urinary tract infection
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	Arthritis,Restless legs syndrome, fibromyalgia, Epstein barr virus related fibromyalgias,leg cramps, tension myositis related fibromyalgias
Neurologic	Acute mountain sickness, allergic tension-fatigue syndrome, alzheimer disease, brain injury, brain tumor, chronic pain, central sleep apnea, cerebral hemispheric and brainstem strokes, cluster headache,brain concussion, creutzfeldt-jakob disease, diaphragmatic paralysis, epstein barr virus related fibromyalgias, fatal familial insomnia, glut-1 deficiency syndrome, headache syndromes, huntington's disease, inborn amino acid metabolism disorder, irregular sleep-wake rhythm disorder, jet lag, mild traumatic brain injury, movement disorders, neuromuscular disorders including painful peripheral neuropathies, nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy type 1,glucose transport defect, nocturnal myoclonus, olivopontocerebellar atrophy, pain, parkinson's disease, perry syndrome, pick's disease,respiratory muscle paralysis, pickwickian syndrome, prion fatal familial insomnia, restless leg syndrome,seizures, right parietal lobe syndrome, rolandic epilepsy, sleep apnea, sleep paralysis, sopite syndrome, traumatic brain injury causing post-traumatic insomnia, trigeminal neuralgia, ulcer pain, wernicke-korsakoff syndrome, x-linked angelman-like syndrome,
Nutritional/Metabolic	aldehyde syndrome, alzheimer disease, amaranth, aniseed, Annatto, antioxidants, bell pepper, bha, bht, calcium deficiency, carageenan gum, carmine, chestnut, cinnamon, dementia, fennel, folic acid toxicity, glut-1 deficiency syndrome, guar gum, gum acacia, hops, iron deficiency anemia, lecithin, lentil, lettuce, milk, msg, mussel,niacin, parkinson's disease, phenol sulfotransferase deficiency, pyridoxine deficiency, quorn, thiamine deficiency, thyme, vitamin B12 deficiency, wernicke-korsakoff syndrome, wheat, xanthan gum, zucchini
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	Brain tumor, cancer, mycosis fungoides, familial, pineal teratoma, pinealoma, pituitary tumors
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	Acrodynia, alcoholism, amphetamine intoxication, chronic amphetamine use, chronic vitamin a toxicity, excessive caffeine, folic acid toxicity, ginseng overuse, guarana overuse, vitamin b1 toxicity, Marie-seé syndrome
Psychiatric	Advanced sleep-wake phase disorder, alzheimer disease, amphetamine abuse, chronic amphetamine use, pain killer addiction, anger, anxiety disorder, fear of not sleeping, barbiturate abuse, benzodiazepine abuse, bipolar affective disorder, disturbing thoughts, teeth grinding, burnout syndrome, butorphanol, allergic tension-fatigue syndrome, chronic pain, chronic stress, irregular sleep-wake rhythm disorder, cluster headache, cocaine abuse, combat stress reaction, crack addiction, crystal meth addiction, delayed sleep-wake phase disorder, dementia, primary affective disorder, dyssomnia, double depression, alcohol-induced pseudo-cushing syndrome, exhilaration or excitement, prion fatal familial insomnia, generalized anxiety disorder, grief, heroin dependence, increased arousal, illness, jet lag, lsd addiction, lysergic acid diethylamide, mania, ecstasy abuse, mood disorder, narcolepsy, daytime napping, narcotic addiction, night eating syndrome,nightmares, nocturia, nocturnal myoclonus, opioid addiction, overeating, oxycontin addiction, nocturnal panic disorder, parasomnias, parkinson's disease, pick's disease, post-traumatic stress, postpartum depression, premenstrual dysphoric disorders, primary insomnia, psychiatric disorders, abuse dwarfism syndrome, rape trauma syndromes, rem-behavior disorder, rett's syndromes, schizophrenia, holiday depression, sedative dependence, sleeping pill addiction, tranquilizer addiction, tranquilizer withdrawal, not enough exercise, endogenous insomnia, shift work, chronic sleep restriction, sleep disorder, situational/acute insomnia, chronic insomnia disorder, somnambulism, stress, substance abuse, tension myositis related fibromyalgias, discontinuation syndrome, perry syndrome
Pulmonary	Acute mountain sickness,breathing-related sleep disorder, nocturnal asthma, diaphragmatic paralysis, asbestosis, bronchial asthma including nocturnal asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, shortness of breath, nocturnal asthma, pickwickian syndrome, respiratory muscle paralysis, silo unloader syndrome, sleep-disordered breathing, sleep apnea
Renal/Electrolyte	Calcium deficiency, chronic renal disease, kidney disease, renal failure, SLE related fibromyalgias, uremia
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	Autoimmune thyroid diseases, Epstein barr virus related fibromyalgias,Inflammatory bowel disease, Bronchial asthma including nocturnal asthma, chronic insomnia disorder, fibromyalgias, buerger's disease, allergic tension-fatigue syndrome, environmental allergen related eczema, eyelid eczema, seafood allergy, graves disease, autoimmune thyroid diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis related fibromyalgias, SLE related fibromyalgias, resistance to thyroid stimulating hormone, gluten allergy, wiskott-aldrich syndrome
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	Brain concussion, mild traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress, postconcussive syndrome, traumatic brain injury causing post-traumatic insomnia, whiplashs
Urologic	enlarged prostate, Bladder distention, enlarged bladder, Enlarged prostate, uremia, cystitis , prostatitis, urinary tract infection
Miscellaneous	Ageing, Chronic pain, Chronic stress, dyssomnia, hunger, illness, injury, pregnancy

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Causes of Insomnia Based On Severity

Acute

Environment changes
Extremes of temperature
Illness
Injury
Light
Noise
Poor bed
Situational stress

Chronic

Angina
Anxiety
Arthritis pain
Asthma
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Bipolar Disorder
Caffeine
Cancer pain
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Chronic Renal Disease
Cluster headaches
Congestive Heart Failure
Dementia
Depression
Diabetes Mellitus
Drugs
Fibromyalgia
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Hyperthyroidism
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
Mania
Menopause
Nocturnal panic disorder
Other movement disorders
Pain
Parkinson's Disease
Peptic Ulcer Disease
Poor sleep hygiene
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Pregnancy
Pruritis
Psychosis
Reflux esophagitis
Schizophrenia
Seizures
Sleep Apnea
Uremia
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)

References

↑ http://www3.who.int/icd/currentversion/fr-icd.htm?gf50.htm+f510
↑ http://www3.who.int/icd/currentversion/fr-icd.htm?gg40.htm+g47
↑ Mysliwiec V, Martin JL, Ulmer CS, Chowdhuri S, Brock MS, Spevak C; et al. (2020). "The Management of Chronic Insomnia Disorder and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Synopsis of the 2019 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and U.S. Department of Defense Clinical Practice Guidelines". Ann Intern Med. doi:10.7326/M19-3575. PMID 32066145 Check |pmid= value (help).<templatestyles
↑ https://www.cdc.gov/sleep/data_statistics.html
↑ Arroll B, Fernando A, Falloon K, Goodyear-Smith F, Samaranayake C, Warman G (2012). "Prevalence of causes of insomnia in primary care: a cross-sectional study". Br J Gen Pract. 62 (595): e99–103. doi:10.3399/bjgp12X625157. PMC 3268500. PMID 22520782.
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 Maggi S, Langlois JA, Minicuci N, Grigoletto F, Pavan M, Foley DJ; et al. (1998). "Sleep complaints in community-dwelling older persons: prevalence, associated factors, and reported causes". J Am Geriatr Soc. 46 (2): 161–8. PMID 9475443.
↑ Ford DE, Kamerow DB (1989). "Epidemiologic study of sleep disturbances and psychiatric disorders. An opportunity for prevention?". JAMA. 262 (11): 1479–84. PMID 2769898.

[1] ttp://www3.who.int/icd/currentversion/fr-icd.htm?gf50.htm+f510

[2] ttp://www3.who.int/icd/currentversion/fr-icd.htm?gg40.htm+g47

[3] Mysliwiec V, Martin JL, Ulmer CS, Chowdhuri S, Brock MS, Spevak C; et al. (2020). "The Management of Chronic Insomnia Disorder and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Synopsis of the 2019 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs and U.S. Department of Defense Clinical Practice Guidelines". Ann Intern Med. doi:10.7326/M19-3575. PMID 32066145 Check |pmid= value (help).<templatestyles

[4] ttps://www.cdc.gov/sleep/data_statistics.html

[pmid22520782-5] Arroll B, Fernando A, Falloon K, Goodyear-Smith F, Samaranayake C, Warman G (2012). "Prevalence of causes of insomnia in primary care: a cross-sectional study". Br J Gen Pract. 62 (595): e99–103. doi:10.3399/bjgp12X625157. PMC 3268500. PMID 22520782.

[pmid9475443-6] 6.0 ^6.1 Maggi S, Langlois JA, Minicuci N, Grigoletto F, Pavan M, Foley DJ; et al. (1998). "Sleep complaints in community-dwelling older persons: prevalence, associated factors, and reported causes". J Am Geriatr Soc. 46 (2): 161–8. PMID 9475443.

[pmid2769898-7] Ford DE, Kamerow DB (1989). "Epidemiologic study of sleep disturbances and psychiatric disorders. An opportunity for prevention?". JAMA. 262 (11): 1479–84. PMID 2769898.

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@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 {|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
 |style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" |'''Cardiovascular'''
-|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" |[[chronic stable angina|Angina]], [[buerger's disease]], [[congestive cardiac failure]], [[hypertension]], [[ischemic heart disease]], [[coronary heart disease|ischemic heart disease]], [[Nocturnal angina pectoris|nocturnal angina]], [[sleep apnea]]
+|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" |[[Cardiac arrhythmia]], [[chronic stable angina|Angina]], buerger's disease, [[congestive cardiac failure]], [[hypertension]], [[ischemic heart disease]], [[coronary heart disease|ischemic heart disease]], [[Nocturnal angina pectoris|nocturnal angina]], [[sleep apnea]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"