Polycythemia causes: Difference between revisions
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*[[Erythropoietin receptor|Erythropoietin]] receptor-mediated | *[[Erythropoietin receptor|Erythropoietin]] receptor-mediated | ||
*High oxygen affinity [[hemoglobin]] | *High [[oxygen]] affinity [[hemoglobin]] | ||
*[[Bisphosphoglycerate mutase|Bisphosphoglycerate]] mutase deficiency | *[[Bisphosphoglycerate mutase|Bisphosphoglycerate]] mutase deficiency | ||
*[[VHL]]([[Von Hippel-Lindau Disease|Von Hippel-Lindau]]) [[gene mutation]] (Chuvash erythrocytosis) | *[[VHL]]([[Von Hippel-Lindau Disease|Von Hippel-Lindau]]) [[gene mutation]] (Chuvash erythrocytosis) | ||
*PHD2 mutations | *PHD2 [[Mutation|mutations]] | ||
*HIF-2 alpha mutations | *HIF-2 alpha [[Mutation|mutations]] | ||
'''Acquired''' | '''Acquired''' | ||
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Pathologic EPO production: | Pathologic EPO production: | ||
*Tumors | *[[Tumor|Tumors]] | ||
**Cerebellar hemangioblastoma | **[[Cerebellar]] [[hemangioblastoma]] | ||
**Meningioma | **[[Meningioma]] | ||
**Parathyroid carcinoma/adenomas | **[[Parathyroid adenoma|Parathyroid]] [[carcinoma]]/[[Adenoma|adenomas]] | ||
**Hepatocellular carcinoma | **[[Hepatocellular carcinoma]] | ||
**Renal cell cancer | **[[Renal cell cancer]] | ||
**Pheochromocytoma | **[[Pheochromocytoma]] | ||
**Uterine leiomyomas | **[[Uterine leiomyoma|Uterine leiomyomas]] | ||
Exogenous EPO: | Exogenous EPO: | ||
*Drug associated | *[[Drug]] associated | ||
**EPO administration | **EPO administration | ||
**Androgen administration | **[[Androgen]] administration | ||
Idiopathic erythrocytosis <ref name="McMULLIN2008">{{cite journal|last1=McMULLIN|first1=M. F.|title=The classification and diagnosis of erythrocytosis|journal=International Journal of Laboratory Hematology|year=2008|issn=17515521|doi=10.1111/j.1751-553X.2008.01102.x}}</ref> <ref name="pmid967201">{{cite journal |vauthors=Adamson JW, Fialkow PJ, Murphy S, Prchal JF, Steinmann L |title=Polycythemia vera: stem-cell and probable clonal origin of the disease |journal=N Engl J Med |volume=295 |issue=17 |pages=913–6 |date=October 1976 |pmid=967201 |doi=10.1056/NEJM197610212951702 |url=}}</ref> | [[Idiopathic]] [[erythrocytosis]] <ref name="McMULLIN2008">{{cite journal|last1=McMULLIN|first1=M. F.|title=The classification and diagnosis of erythrocytosis|journal=International Journal of Laboratory Hematology|year=2008|issn=17515521|doi=10.1111/j.1751-553X.2008.01102.x}}</ref> <ref name="pmid967201">{{cite journal |vauthors=Adamson JW, Fialkow PJ, Murphy S, Prchal JF, Steinmann L |title=Polycythemia vera: stem-cell and probable clonal origin of the disease |journal=N Engl J Med |volume=295 |issue=17 |pages=913–6 |date=October 1976 |pmid=967201 |doi=10.1056/NEJM197610212951702 |url=}}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 04:56, 2 March 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Debduti Mukhopadhyay, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Divided into primary and secondary causes based on underlying genetic mutations and other factors(refer to classification).
Causes
Common Causes
Common causes of polycythemia may include:
- Primary erythrocytosis
- Secondary erythrocytosis
Congenital
- Erythropoietin receptor-mediated
- High oxygen affinity hemoglobin
- Bisphosphoglycerate mutase deficiency
- VHL(Von Hippel-Lindau) gene mutation (Chuvash erythrocytosis)
- PHD2 mutations
- HIF-2 alpha mutations
Acquired
- Hypoxia driven
- Central hypoxic process:
- Chronic Lung disease
- Right-to-left cardiopulmonary vascular shunts
- Carbon monoxide poisoning
- Smoker's erythrocytosis
- Hypoventilation syndromes including sleep apnea (high-altitude habitat)
- Central hypoxic process:
- Local renal hypoxia:
- Renal Artery Stenosis
- End-Stage Renal Disease
- Hydronephrosis
- Renal cysts (polycystic kidney disease)
- Postrenal transplant erythrocytosis
Pathologic EPO production:
Exogenous EPO:
Idiopathic erythrocytosis [1] [2]
References
- ↑ McMULLIN, M. F. (2008). "The classification and diagnosis of erythrocytosis". International Journal of Laboratory Hematology. doi:10.1111/j.1751-553X.2008.01102.x. ISSN 1751-5521.
- ↑ Adamson JW, Fialkow PJ, Murphy S, Prchal JF, Steinmann L (October 1976). "Polycythemia vera: stem-cell and probable clonal origin of the disease". N Engl J Med. 295 (17): 913–6. doi:10.1056/NEJM197610212951702. PMID 967201.